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List of nearest known black holes

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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Lognomm (talk | contribs) at 12:38, 8 March 2022 ("trinary" is not a word, and the nature of the system was not called into question on any specific date. the number of papers and their publication status may be interesting to scientists but not to general readers). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

This list contains black holes relatively near the Solar System (within the Milky Way galaxy). For comparison, the nearest star to the Sun is about 4.24 light years away and the Milky Way galaxy is approximately 185000 light years in diameter.

Most black holes are thought to be solitary and not in a binary (or more) system. However, it is nearly impossible to detect such a black hole except for measuring its gravitational distortions of the light from more distant objects. Black holes in binary systems, despite constituting a minority of all black holes, are much easier to detect.[citation needed] It has not yet been conclusively established that the first item in the below list (HR 6819) is actually a black hole; it has been argued that it is not in fact a triple system including a black hole, but rather a binary system with two normal stars.[1]

List

See also: Stellar black hole § Candidates
Distance System Component Notes and additional references
(ly) (kpc) Designation Description Right ascension[2]
(Epoch J2000.0) 		Declination[2]
(Epoch J2000.0) 		Disco­very
date[3] 		Desig­nation Stel­lar
class 		Mass
(M☉)
1120±70 0.34±0.02 HR 6819
(QV Tel) 		Triple star system with inner binary orbit t=40.333 ± 0.004 d [4] 18h 17m 07.532s[4] −56° 01′ 24.088″[4] 2020 Aa B3III[5] 6.3±0.1
Ab BH >5.0±0.4 Possibly a black hole, but not confirmed yet.[6] If confirmed, it is the first known black hole in a star system that is visible to the naked eye
B Be[5] – Orbit and mass unknown
1500 0.460±0.007 V723 Monocerotis Binary star system with orbit t=59.9 d 06h 29m 04.659s −05° 34′ 20.23″ 2021 A BH 3.04±0.06 Lower mass gap black hole candidate nicknamed "The Unicorn"
B K0/K1III[7] 1.00±0.07
3000±300 ~0.858 A0620-00 (V616 Mon) Binary star system with orbit t=7.75 h 06h 22m 44.503s[8] −00° 20′ 44.72″[8] 1986 A BH 11.0±1.9 Black hole candidate
B K[5] 0.5±0.3
5400+6900
−1900 		1.7±1.4 GRS 1124-683 (GU Muscae) Binary star system with orbit t=10.38 h 11h 26m 26.60s −68° 40′ 32.3″ 1991 Jan 20 A BH 6.95±1.1 Black hole candidate
B K 0.9±0.3
5720±300 1.7±0.1 XTE J1118+480 11h 18m 11s 48° 02′ 13″ 2000 A BH 6–6.5
B M 0.2
6000±375[9] 1.86 ± 0.12[9] Cygnus X-1 (Cyg X-1) Binary star system with orbit t=5.6 d 19h 58m 21.67595s[10] +35° 12′ 05.7783″[10] 1971 April–May Cyg X-1 BH 15±1 The first X-ray source widely accepted to be a black hole.
HDE 226868 O[11] 30±10
7400±1500 2.3±0.46 LB-1 B-type star with orbit t=78.9 d 06h 11m 49.0763s[12] +22° 49′ 32.686″[12] 2019 A BH 68+11
−13 		Mass uncertain based on parallax and distance
B B 9.2+0.9
−1.2
7800±460 2.39±0.14 V404 Cygni Binary star system with orbit t=6.5 d 20h 24m 03.83s[13] +33° 52′ 02.2″[13] 1989 May 22 A BH 9 The first black hole to have an accurate parallax measurement for its distance from our solar system
B K[2] 0.7 Early K giant star
8100±1000 2.49±0.30 GRO J0422+32 Binary star system with orbit t=5.09 h 04h 21m 42.723s +32° 54′ 26.94″ 1992 Aug 5 A BH 3.97±0.95 May be a massive neutron star
B M1 0.5±0.1
8800±2300 2.7±0.7 GS 2000+25 20h 02m 50s +25° 14′ 11″ 1988 A BH 7.5
B M 0.5
11100±700 3.4±0.2 Cygnus X-3 Binary star system with orbit t=4.8 h 20h 32m 25.766s +40° 57′ 28.26″ 1967 Cyg X-3 BH 2.4+2.1
−1.1
[14]
V1521 Cyg WN 10.3+3.9
−2.8
[14]
11900±3600 3.7±1.1 GRO J1655-40 Binary star system with orbit t = 2.6 d 16h 54m 00.137s −39° 50′ 44.90″ 1994 A BH 5.31±0.07
V1033 Sco F5IV 1.9±0.3
25600±600 7.86±0.2 Sagittarius A* Supermassive black hole 17h 45m 40.0409s −29° 0′ 28.118″ 1974 BH 4300000 Center of galaxy
29700±2700 9.1±0.8 4U 1543-475 Binary star system with orbit t = 26.8 h 15h 47m 08.277s −47° 40′ 10.28″ 1971 A BH 9.4±2.0 Estimated 7.5±1.0 kpc away before Gaia
[clarification needed]
B A2V 2.7±1.0

See also

References

  1. ^ "The Closest Black Hole to Earth May Not Actually be a Black Hole After All".
  2. ^ a b c "The One Hundred Nearest Star Systems". Research Consortium on Nearby Stars. GSU. 2007-09-17. Retrieved 2007-11-06.
  3. ^ Before 1900: earliest certain recorded observation. 1900–1930: first catalogued. After 1930: earliest trigonometric or spectroscopic parallax.
  4. ^ a b c Rivinius, Th.; Baade, D.; Hadrava, P.; Heida, M.; Klement, R. (May 2020). "A naked-eye triple system with a nonaccreting black hole in the inner binary". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 637 (L3): 11. arXiv:2005.02541. Bibcode:2020A&A...637L...3R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038020.
  5. ^ a b c Yungelson, L. (May 2008), "Evolution of low-mass binaries with black-hole components", New Astronomy Reviews, 51 (10–12): 860–868, arXiv:0801.3433, Bibcode:2008NewAR..51..860Y, doi:10.1016/j.newar.2008.03.017, S2CID 11830754
  6. ^ Michelle Starr (2020-10-20). "The Closest Black Hole to Earth May Not Actually Be a Black Hole After All". Retrieved 2020-12-20.
  7. ^ Jayasinghe, T.; et al. (2021). "A unicorn in monoceros: The 3 M⊙ dark companion to the bright, nearby red giant V723 Mon is a non-interacting, mass-gap black hole candidate". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 504 (2): 2577–2602. arXiv:2101.02212. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab907.
  8. ^ a b Liu, Q. (July 2007), "A Catalogue of low-mass X-ray binaries in the Galaxy, LMC, and SMC (Fourth edition)", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 469 (2): 807–810, arXiv:0707.0544, Bibcode:2007A&A...469..807L, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20077303, S2CID 14673570
  9. ^ a b Reid, M. (December 2011), "The Trigonometric Parallax of Cygnus X-1", The Astrophysical Journal, 742 (2): 83–88, arXiv:1106.3688, Bibcode:2011ApJ...742...83R, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/742/2/83, S2CID 18444168
  10. ^ a b van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, arXiv:0708.1752, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID 18759600
  11. ^ Sota, A. (April 2011), "The Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey. I. Classification System and Bright Northern Stars in the Blue-violet at R ~ 2500", The Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 193 (2): 24–74, arXiv:1101.4002, Bibcode:2011ApJS..193...24S, doi:10.1088/0067-0049/193/2/24, S2CID 119248206
  12. ^ a b Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  13. ^ a b Cutri, Roc M.; Skrutskie, Michael F.; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Beichman, Charles A.; Carpenter, John M.; Chester, Thomas; Cambresy, Laurent; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Huchra, John P.; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Light, Robert M.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Stiening, Rae; Sykes, Matthew J.; Weinberg, Martin D.; Wheaton, William A.; Wheelock, Sherry L.; Zacarias, N. (2003). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2246: II/246. Bibcode:2003yCat.2246....0C.
  14. ^ a b Zdziarski, A. A.; Mikolajewska, J.; Belczynski, K. (2013). "Cyg X-3: A low-mass black hole or a neutron star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 429: L104–L108. arXiv:1208.5455. Bibcode:2013MNRAS.429L.104Z. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/sls035.
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