Talk:Search for extraterrestrial intelligence

Miscellaneous

I removed the SETI Institute logo. The SETI institute is a well known SETI advocacy group and does conduct SETI observations, but is not "SETI" nor the driving force behind SETI any more than the Planetary Society or the SETI League is. It's akin to putting the American Lung Association logo at the top of a page on "Medicine."

I separated the SERENDIP section from the "Sentinal, META, and BETA" and expanded the desciption of SERENDIP up to the present day. I've also moved the SETI@home section into the SERENDIP section as it is an outshoot of SERENDIP.

I would like to see more mention of international SETI programs. Also wondered about whether it should be mentioned that NSF is funding ATA instrument development (and other SETI related instrument development).

-- User:SETIGuy Feb 13, 2006

I added a paragraph to Early Work to mention the Big Ear project which actually started in 1963 (not 1985 or 1975 as others have suggested). I am a volunteer (though inactive, for the most part, due to available time) with the group that operated the Big Ear telescope.

Added a small section about the Wow! signal (linking to the larger article) after Early Work and prior to the Arecibo Message since that is when it occured chronologically.

I removed the information about Big Ear from SERENDIP, Sentinel, META, and BETA due to its irrelevance and inaccuracy.

I added External links to the former Big Ear website and the current NAAPO website. -- ChrisBianchi

---

I removed:

Most mainstream scientists ignore the SETI project. Many of these skeptics regard it as pseudoscience.

I don't think SETI is ignored any more than other scientific projects. Furthermore, the second sentence is a non sequitur. First we are talking about mainstream scientists, then about "these skeptics"? There are SETI-skeptics and probably scientists who think it is pseudoscience (although most skeptics simply regard it as a waste of time), but this description is hardly accurate. If you want to add a discussion of SETI-skepticism, please do so, with proper references. --Eloquence

---

The article says:

"Above 10 gigahertz, radio noise from water and oxygen atoms in our atmosphere tends to also become a source of interference. Even if alien worlds have substantially different atmospheres, quantum noise effects make it difficult to build a receiver that can pick up signals above 100 gigahertz."

The sudden jump to mentioning 100GHz seems odd. Should it be 10GHz? If it's right, it might help to reword the article to make it clear it isn't a mistake.

Seconded: Especially because the sentence is composed such that you would expect 100 to be wrong. "... Even if ..." implies that we're still looking at the same limits.

(81.83.43.193 12:33, 7 January 2006 (UTC))

ANSWER: 100 GHz is correct for quantum noise. It's the point where the equivalent noise temperature T of the quantum noise (hv/k) starts becoming significant compared to other noise sources. (h is Plank's constant, v is "nu", the photon frequency and k is Boltzman's constant).

---

some notes to add

Interstellar communication is likely to be narrow-beam, point-to-point, to make it energy-efficient; and it is therefore very difficult to intercept. Signals are likely to be spread-spectrum for noise immunity; which will make them indetectable to us unless we have the spreading sequence.

So we will not find them; they will find us.

There are between 3,000 and 10,000 stars within 80 light years radius. .Y. of these having planets with liquid water.

What is the likelihood of a civilization if it exists, being a million years more technologically advanced than us? VERY HIGH . calculate this 10 billion years 4.5 billion years of 2nd generation stars? -> is our sun among the first 2nd generation stars? probably not. -> how many older? how many younger? distribution?

After a million years of nanotechnology, do they still need water? unlikely. What makes us think they would even be recognisable to us as life forms? Perhaps they are non-corporeal, and could inhabit our computer systems, create crop circles, control the weather, etc.?

These really are pseudoscience ideas. All SETI is doing is looking for a non-random (i.e. patterned) radio signal that does not come from Earth. I see no problem with that; it makes no assumptions about what kind of life is being looked for. All it assumes is that they use radio waves as a form of communication. thefamouseccles

There's no way of providing a falsifiable hypothesis for SETI. If extraterrestrial life does not exist, there is no way of proving that unless we go to EVERY planet in the universe and check it. However, if we find so much as one instance of life, that proves the hypothesis. Perhaps the best way of going about the thing is to use a null hypothesis: namely, "There is no extraterrestrial life in the universe that uses radio waves for communication."

That has problems too. We currently lack the technology to "eavesdrop" on mundane radio transmissions. For us to recieve it, it would have to be a pretty intense signal. It is likely that future technological improvements would allow us to recieve far weaker signals than we can today, but that would allow us to sample at most our own galaxy. The difficulties involved in eavesdropping on signals from other galaxies wouldn't allow us to make any conclusions about the universe as a whole.--RLent 17:05, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

Our Sun as a sixth-generation star?

What are you talking about? It’s obviously third generational. The Universe is approximately 15 billion years old (slightly shaved), our Sun has been shining for 4.5 billion . . . All true, for stars about the same size of our Sun.

But large stars live and die quicker. The entire life cycle of a star destined to be a red giant is only 2 billion years. So the second generation would start at 2 billion years of age for the universe and (slightly shorter) for the galaxy, the third generation at 4 billion, and so on and so forth. And generations of stars using up their hydrogen fuel and then using the by-products for fusion is how we get carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, magnesium and everything else needed for life. For example, carbon forms when two helium atoms collide to form beryllium-8, and then within a very, very brief fraction of a second collide with a third helium nucleus.

So, was it at six billion years of age? Seven billion? Eight billion that the Milky Way galaxy had enough atoms in interstellar dust to form rocky planets? At a certain point, this has to become a quantitative argument. And we could sure use someone who knows this stuff to help us figure out, how many red giants, and how many other stars living slower lives but also adding atoms to the galaxy.

I myself consider it to be an open possibility that there could be societies much older than us in the Milky Way galaxy. FriendlyRiverOtter 22:22, 25 March 2007 (UTC)

WOW! Signal

Information about the WOW! Signal from 1977 might be useful/interesting on this page. It's not currently mentioned anywhere on Wikipedia.

I added the "Wow! signal" entry in Wikipedia, but there is a factual error on this page, the "Big Ear" project started 1975, not 1985. Otherwise it would be ridiculous that they detected a signal 8 years before the project actually started... -- Ylai 19:22, 27 Nov 2004 (UTC)

---

I wrote the original article for my website that this WKPD article is based on and tracked down data on the Big Ear telescope. Yep, that's right, it was built in the 1960s for a wideband sky survey, and converted to a SETI project in 1973. The WOW! signal showed up on 15 August 1977. I corrected this in my own article, which will be posted on http://www.vectorsite.net/taseti.html NLT 1 Jan 2006. I didn't modify the WKPD article; I hate to fiddle around with other folks' text, it seems rude.

Interesting radio telescope, BTW, an altitude-only transit instrument designed for surveys and built on the cheap. Incidentally, although all my stuff is public domain and I don't mind its use, it might be polite to credit the source -- the WKPD article's much changed from my own document but I can still see my own fingerprints all over it. Since I don't edit WKPD articles I will simply leave that as a polite request. MrG (Greg Goebel)

Marc Abel, 31 Jan 2006: There are a few inaccuracies and numerous omissions in the above discussion of Big Ear. I was on the staff from 1983 to 1988, took a break, and have been "back" since 2003 (although the antenna is demolished). Big Ear did several SETI projects; the first was an 8-channel receiver with an 8-channel chart recorder only. The second was a 50 channel digital search; it ran from 1977 to 1985 when the acquisition computer failed. There have been a couple more since then, but I wasn't a participant in those. We need a lot more here.

Intro

This article doesn't seem to contain any kind of concise definition of what SETI actually is. This should go in the first paragraph instead of leaping right into the discussion of it as an alternative to interstellar travel. --Mumblingmynah 22:38, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

unsupported speculation creeping in

line 39 contains a seemingly superfluous note about "ruining their planet in the process" or some other such after the more factual statement that the power output necessary for detection over large distances could be a few thousand times larger than the current earth power output. This line feels "squishy" since the effect of power production on a planet is technology dependent. For instance, is fusion of tritium in ocean water included in the calculation? How about massive solar grids in space, closer to the sun? The list of technological fixes to the power problem could go on and on -- which is why the "ruining ..." statement should be expunged. — Preceding unsigned comment added by cnmirose (talk • contribs) 13:54, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

I agreee. I'm taking that phrase out. Bubba73 (talk), 06:24, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

Corrections/clarifications on META and BETA added

I fixed some wording and added details on the META and BETA searches. Darren, 20 November 2005.

Two questions

In the article it says:

Very small stars provide so little heat and warmth that only planets in very close orbits around them would not be frozen solid, and in such close orbits these planets would be tidally "locked" to the star, with one side of the planet perpetually baked and the other perpetually frozen.

If I'm thinking correctly, that would imply that the planets wouldn't rotate, right? If so, is it correct that they wouldn't rotate? Rbarreira 00:34, 6 February 2006 (UTC)

Not quite. They rotate at such a pace so they always point the same face towards the sun. This is what the moon does relative to us, so we only ever see one side of it. See synchronous rotation and tidal locking (which should probably be linked from the SETI article). --Robert Merkel 04:06, 6 February 2006 (UTC)

Table of contents aligned to the right?

A user has modified the article in order for the TOC to be aligned to the right. Is this a good idea? What justification is there for this? I think it should be discussed since it's not very standard (despite there existing a template for this, which has been the subject of controversy in the past too). Rbarreira 18:37, 15 February 2006 (UTC)

---

I did this. Using either Mozilla, Firefox or IE, without the right alignment, I get a few lines of text, then a tall thin box of contents, next to big white blank area. The user has to scroll down to see the overview. This does not seem very useful, unless your only goal is to make sure that SETI stood for what you thought it did.

When you float the TOC right, when using Firefox the overview flows into the region to the left of the TOC, and you can read the first few paragraphs of the TOC. IE does not fill the space to the right as well, but at least it puts the TOC and the first paragraph side by side, and you can see the top of the overview. Both of these seem better than the vertical alignment, and the Firefox layout in particular is much nicer.

I did not know this was controversial. I saw it used as a template on another page I was watching, thought it was better in all cases, and so put it in. If there are cases where it is worse, please feel free to take it out. LouScheffer 20:22, 15 February 2006 (UTC)

falsifiability

Under "criticisms", the article says "... assertion of the existence of extraterrestrial intelligence has no good Popperian criteria for falsifiability".

An assertion that there exists extraterrestrial intelligence is definitely not falsifiable. However, the assertion that there is no E.I. is falsifiable - just find one. That seems to me to be the way SETI is working. They are not claiming that there definitely is E.I., but if they find one, that would falsify the null hypothesis that there isn't any E.I. Bubba73 (talk), 06:22, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

pseudoscience?

It is unfair to call SETI pseudoscience. Just because you are searching for something that might exist, but haven't found it yet doesn't mean it is unscientific. They have tried to detect Gravitational radiation for decades, and so far there is no direct evidence for it. Same thing for the Higgs boson. Neither of these searches are considered pseudoscientific or non-falsifiable. Bubba73 (talk), 04:02, 12 March 2006 (UTC)

The falsifiable hypothesis is that something does NOT exist. The burden of proof is on the naysayers. Jrgetsin 18:55, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

Gravitational radiation is based on Einstein's theories, most of which have been proven very accurate. Einstein is science. Personally I do believe that it's a waste of money to do scientific research on gravitational radiation, but it's still science.

Seti is as scientific as trying to find evidence that God exists.

• First there is no undisputed definition of intelligent life. According to biologists primates, dolphins and even octopuses (a cephalopod) are intelligent. Cephalopods have been around for over 425 million years yet they never felt the urge to communicate to any other species. They are actually able to communicate with divers, researches and people keeping them as pets but only do so once we initiate it.

• The kind of Homo Sapiens that speaks, builds houses, wears clothes and so on is around little over 10,000 years. The technology currently in use for Seti is just a few decades old. What's a decade on the 15 odd billion years since the Big Bang?

We know that catastrophic event have almost wiped out all life on earth several times, we've seen the evidence of similar catastrophic events on most other planets, even witnessed one live (Levi Shoemaker). We have no idea, not even a clue to base an educated guess on, how long mankind will be around or how long our technological advanced society will last.

• Seti not technically advanced enough to actively communicate with intelligent extra-terrestrials even if these do exist. It is impossible to predict how much time it might take to make all the technological break-througs needed to develop such an active communication system. Once it's there, there is no other way to test it than to actually communicate... with...?

• I can make my old VIC-20 computer communicate with my current computer:
  • through a modem at 300 bps (if my current computer still is able to support such a low bitrate?) as long as I make sure they're using the same protocol, handshake, bitrate, character set and so on
  • through a serial interface. Although the VIC20 interface is nowhere near standard RS232 it can be done.

The good thing about such an experiment is that I could get instant feedback. As long as we're not able to set up a worm hole connection between us and ET, there will be no practical way to test our ET phone line.

• How capable are we to communicate? I can read and write some English, but it's not my native tongue. I might be able to express some essential signals, using hands and facial expressions as well as sounds, to people who speak a language that I totally do not know. I was able to tell when my dog wanted a walk, or food, or a hug. Character sets are even in the 21st century so badly standardized that it's still not uncommon to receive emails containing ŪζŹğŐ characters.

• Champollion was able to decypher hieroglyphs thanks to the coincidental discovery of the Rosetta stone but if we could bring an Egyptian mummy back to life there would still be nobody able to actually speak with him/her. We can only guess what this language must have sounded like. There are several written languages from past civilizations that we're not (yet) have been able to decypher.

• There are currently over 1 million species on this planet, over 5000 species of mammals. How may of these species developed speech? How many developed written language?

• Ever had a phone conversation where a 3rd party came throught? How willing and able to communicate are you when that happens? Even if we would be able to catch an interstellar communication, it's probably not directed to us and highly inappropriate to break in on the conversation.

• Even if there are ET's out there in the Milky Way with the technology to send signals directly to us, does it make sense to them to do so? Even if they would know our exact location? The Milky Way is a disk 10,000 light years in diameter. It's like standing in New York, trying to whisper in the ear of a person in Australia. For our current technology it's impossible to maintain communications with our own satellites more than a couple of light-minutes away.

The current most widely accepted estimated outcome of the Drake Equation is 0.0000008. The highest estimate I've ever seen was 10,000,000. That last number falls IMHO in the category wishful dreaming. Is 8 a fair compromise? Drake didn't even take into account the number of stars that are absolutely unable to support life, like red dwarfs, red giants and lots of others. Nor did he know the recent discovery that lots of candidate stars have a giant gas planet similar to jupiter orbiting very close by and with extreme velocity. But against all odds lets say there are 8 planets somewhere in the Milky Way where currently intelligent life might live that might be willing and able to communicate with us. As far as I know Drake didn't define willing and able either. The octopus is intelligent life willing and able to communicate. With its 8 arms and lots of suction cups it can do a zillion things our silly primitive hands can only dream of. If it would have had the urge to develop technology it would have had an evolutionary head start on us of hundreds of millions of years. Rolling on the sea floor laughing at our few dozen years of radio telescopy and computers.

I personally estimate the chances of life on other planets in the Milky way near 1. The chances of a lifeform as intelligent as the octopus somewhere in the universe might well be near 1 as well, anywhere within the reach of our radio telescopes that chance is very near zero, lets say 0.0000008. Chances that that creature actually felt the urge to build radio telescopes compatible with ours? Is 0.00000000000008 a fair estimate? Chances that this civilization has either ceased to exist or that it will rise thousands, millions or even billions of years into the future? Chances that that civilization doesn't even want to communicate with us? Chances that they tried to make a similar equation as Drake's, only to conclude that the numbers are either unknown or too small to take seriously?

Actually spending lots of resources trying to communicate with ET with our current technology, based on an equation with a total lack of definitions and lots of blank spots, with an unknow but undoubtedly extremely small probability that it might lead to an actual communication more meaningful than the WOW signal? That's not science, not even pseudoscience, it's rediculous.

What's scientific about trying to find a needle in a random hay stack without any particular reason to believe that there might actually be a needle in that specific hay stack? MythBusters have proven it possible to find deliberately hidden needles, even made of bone, in a particular hay stack. Both the number of hay stacks and the number of actually existing needles are high, chances of an odd needle ending up in some odd hay stack might be high as well. Probability of actually finding one is higher than the probability of getting struck by lightning. We all know that lightning does kill several people a year. "Science is reasoned-based analysis of sensation upon our awareness. As such, the scientific method cannot deduce anything about the realm of reality that is beyond what is observable by existing or theoretical means." (quotation from the Wikipedia article on science)

Although I'm a firm believer in the theory that we're not unique, this is still pure speculation and belief. And it will stay equally speculative in the foreseeable future, unless we learn to develop practical use of worm holes or similar futuristic technology. And even then a seriously intelligent ET wouldn't consider communications with a silly creature like man. Maggy Rond 06:46, 9 June 2006 (UTC)

Maggy Rond is to be commended for the stamina of her typing muscles, if nothing else, but this page and Wikipedia in general isn't the place to debate whether SETI is pseudoscience. The purpose of the article is to describe the thing as it exists, and the purpose of this discussion page is to discuss how to make the article better. What is or isn't valid science can and should be debated elsewhere. KarlBunker 14:08, 9 June 2006 (UTC)

Stopping condition

Quote: individual SETI projects have clearly defined "stop" conditions

What are the stopping conditions for the Allen Telescope Array?

Tom

Criticism and Intelligent Design

The Intelligent Design section states that the critera for science is being tightened to diqualify ID as science. That's not true. It's ID itself that can't qualify as science. The same section also suggests that SETI is not falsifiable, and so repeats what was said in the section directly above. I wonder if this section is necessary at all. Maver1ck 08:22, 19 March 2006 (UTC)

Section on "Other grid programming projects" moved

The section "Other grid programming projects" doesn't belong in this article, it belongs with SETI@home. While SETI@home is mentioned in this article, this article is by no means about a grid computing project. Thus, a section on "other" such projects doesn't belong. I have moved this to the SETI@home article.

Skeptical Inquirer issue

The current issue of Skeptical Inquirer magazine (put out by CSICOP) has a series of 4 articles on SETI. I recommend it highly to editors of this article. The articles aren't at all "skeptical" in the sense of "aw, c'mon, there's no such thing as aliens". Rather, the first article takes a stance of "we've been looking for a long time and found nothing; maybe we need to lower our expectations," and the following 3 articles are largely rebuttals to this viewpoint. One quote I particularly liked (paraphrasing):

The Drake equation shouldn't be used as if it had predictive value. It is only of use as a way to organize our ignorance, so we can have a rational discussion.

KarlBunker 18:01, 24 April 2006 (UTC)

Proposed merge of "SETT"

Nothing much exists in the SETT article to merge, other than the term "SETT" itself. A google search returned 105 hits for "search for extraterrestrial technology" and 26 for "search for extra-terrestrial technology." It seems to me that that makes the term "SETT" non-notable and not worth even mentioning in this article. But that's just my $.02. KarlBunker 19:50, 26 May 2006 (UTC)

Arecibo message

Although the article does a good job of describing the Arecibo message, it might help to have an image of the decoded message, if that exists somewhere...although that might warrant a new article. Antimatter 23:33, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

There is such an article. I've added a "main article" tag to that section of this article.KarlBunker 13:33, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

References section

The References section currently appears to be blank (apart from a <refences />); references are currently given as URLs inline with the text. What's going on there? Either the references section wants to be removed, or it wants to be filled. Personally, I would go through the article moving all citations to footnotes (and am willing to do this if people want / have no objections). Mike Peel 14:11, 12 June 2006 (UTC)

Ideally, the inline references should be converted into footnotes. This is actually fairly easy; at its simplest, basically just need to put <ref> and </ref> tags around the inline URLs. The "References" section at the end of the article will be automagically filled in. The best/most thorough way to do things would be to put each web link into "cite web" format, in addition to adding the <ref> and </ref> tags. See WP:FOOTNOTES and Template:Cite web and Wikipedia:Citing sources/example style KarlBunker 14:36, 12 June 2006 (UTC)

I've started the process of converting the references; will continue doing so over the next few days. I've removed the reference for 'Mediocrity' ("Indistinguishable from Magic" - this article mentions "Shklovskii's and Sagan's Assumption of Mediocrity", but is hardly a decent reference for it. Mike Peel 15:30, 12 June 2006 (UTC)

Optical SETI experiments -- Fourier analysis?

I found this sentence from Optical SETI experiments dubious, could someone provide a citation or rewrite (specifically the bold text)?

However, according to Fourier analysis, emitting light in narrow pulses results in a broad spectrum of emission, with the frequencies becoming higher as the pulse width becomes narrower, and an interstellar communications system could use pulsed lasers.

At first glance this looks plain wrong. Does it intend to say that after analysis a pulsed laser exhibits a broad spectrum? Does a photon's "frequency", hence its energy, change when the laser pulses? -213.219.187.253 09:56, 23 August 2006 (UTC)

It's correct - this is also known as Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. If the photon's time of emission is determined with high precision, its energy (and thus its frequency) can only be measured with low precision (and vice versa). More quantitatively, δE*δt >= h/(4*pi) and, because of E = h*f, δf*δt >= 1/(4*pi); E denotes energy, f denotes frequency, δ denotes uncertainty in the variable at its right. Icek 09:03, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

BTW - anybody tried checking if some stars are emitting light in pulses ? Any project references ?

It's already described and linked in the article - a group at Harvard university is doing just that[1]. Icek 06:28, 29 December 2006 (UTC)

Water Hole

I expected to see a link somewhere in the article to the radio frequency band dubbed the "Water Hole", as it is considered a likely place to detect communication. The article is clearly in progress, so I was loathe to insert the link and subject myself, but I do believe it should be included considering the direct relevance to the topic. SINsApple 01:39, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

Michael Crichton

The article reads, "Science fiction writer and global warming skeptic Michael Crichton". Stating that he is a global warming skeptic almost seems like an ad hominem attack to me. Why are we bringing up someone's opinion of global warming in an article on SETI? -- Fantomx11 20:18, 29 September 2006 (UTC) article on SETI? -- Fantomx11 20:18, 29 September 2006 (UTC)

• I agree. I see no relevance to including that remark here. Crichton is much better known for beign a science fiction writer than for anything else. That description, plus the wikilink to his article, is sufficient both for the purposes of identifying whom we are talking about and also to allow the ready to learn more about him, if they choose. Johntex\^talk 20:25, 29 September 2006 (UTC)

Heads up

There may be an influx of traffic to SETI shortly, they've announced a press conference and there's speculation that it might involve announcing the detection of signals. Might just be announcing an equipment upgrade too, though, who knows? - CHAIRBOY (☎) 14:16, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

Thanks, I've got the page on my watchlist now.--Caliga10 17:11, 17 October 2006 (UTC)

Uncited item built on false premise

I removed the following from the page:

The cost of this prodigious processing time is not to be overlooked: over $1,000,000,000 of electricity has been used in the effort, making SETI@home amongst the most costly failed scientific experiments undertaken. This hidden cost is almost invariably overlooked in understanding the value and risk of SETI as an enterprise.

In addition to being uncited, there are a number of false logical premises behind this statement that need some discussion before it goes back. First, the assumption is that none of those computers would have been on if it wasn't for SETI@Home. Since it was a screensaver, I find this unlikely. Second, the statement that it is a failed experiment is contentious. First, it is a project that is in progress, and second, a negative result is hardly a failure. It's part of the scientific method. With the above in mind, I strongly urge against re-adding the text to the article. - CHAIRBOY (☎) 21:39, 17 October 2006 (UTC)

I've verified again the material and i agree w/ you. It fails to pass the NPOV test. Thanks for the note. -- Szvest 21:48, 17 October 2006 (UTC) User:FayssalF/Sign

===SETI seems valuble as a scientific exercise, however, what makes us so sure we want to let "the others" know where we are. Should the native americans have searched for the europeans in the 15th century? An intelligence with great control over mass and energy might incidentally harm us, independent of their aims. Does our planet have anything besides art and zoo specimens, that isn't readily available around the universe? 209.79.199.63 06:04, 31 October 2006 (UTC)Lugosh

You seem to be missing the point. SETI is simpyl searching for signals. By detecting these signals, we're not goign to tell anyone we're here as far as we know. Of course, if we choose to respond to the signal we may very well do so. However since this hasn't occured yet, it seems wise to wait until it does. Also we have been sending signals in to space for quite a long time. Finally, it's a bit silly to assume an intelligence we detect will have greater control over mass and energy then us. When they sent the signal, they could have been behind us in terms of tech. As I've stated, we've been sending signals for quite a while. Of course, they would have sent the signal a very long time ago so most likely they would either be extinct or significantly more advanced by now but then again, by the time they receive any reply we send, we would be similarly likely be either extinct or much further. Which one us will be the most advanced is hard to say. In any case, it doesn't seem much point worrying too much about it because most likely they will eventually find us whatever we do and if they have ill-will well tough luck... Nil Einne 15:02, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

Unsourced and confusing statements

SETI is not generally viewed by scientists as a trivial task. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, is 100,000 light years across and contains approximately a hundred billion stars. Searching the entire sky for some far-away and faint signal is an exhausting exercise. A number of assumptions are needed for SETI to be feasible.

A basic assumption of SETI is that of "Mediocrity": the idea that humanity is not privileged in the cosmos but in a sense "typical" or "medium" when compared with other intelligent species.[citation needed] This would mean that humanity has sufficient similarities with other intelligent beings that communications would be mutually desirable and understandable. If this basic assumption of Mediocrity is correct, and other intelligent species are present in any number in the galaxy at our technological level or above, then communications between the two worlds should be inevitable.

Another assumption is that the vast majority of known life-forms in our galaxy are based on carbon chemistries, as all life-forms are on Earth. While it is possible that life could be based around elements other than carbon, carbon is well known for the unusually wide variety of molecules that can be formed around it.

The presence of liquid water is also a useful assumption, as it is a common molecule and provides an excellent environment for the formation of complicated carbon-based molecules that could eventually lead to the emergence of life.

I'm rather confused about the above which is largely unsourced. As far as I know, SETI is simply searching for transmissions from a intelligent life form. So I don't quite get the relevance of all of the above. The issue of selectings suns like ours is relevant so I didn't brint it up but I don't quite get why the rest is. AFAIK we aren't selecting planets and or places with liquid water (since we don't have yet have this info to any useful degree). It's mostly just a random search. I would assume there is some targeted but if any of the above are used in the targetting of the searches it isn't explained other then the sun bit. SETI is primarily (at the moment) looking for a non-random/background noise signal so even if we can't decode the 'signal' (if it is a signal) it's still a significant find. Whether or not a lifeform is carbon based, or needs liquid water, or mediocrity applies this seems irrelevant. So far, we've found few signals that look like they can't be explained by known natural causes. A signal will still be a signal. The only potential issue I can see is whether concentrating on the wavelength we're concentrating on makes sense to all potential lifeforms (n.b. I use the wavelength to refer to the entire EM spectrum not just radio)Nil Einne 15:11, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

NB On consideration I failed perhaps to point out if we can't decode the signal then we can't actually show we've found ETI. However, I still think the above is confusing in that currently SETI is primarily focused in finding something that appears non-natural and therefore is probably an ETI even if the ultimate goal is to show we've found an ETI which requires actually decoding the signal which is most likely to be possible if the ETI is similar to us Nil Einne 15:35, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

Silly comment in need of source

Given the limitations of the speed of light for message transmission, no reply would be possible before the year 52,174 (approximately) and hence has been dismissed by some as a publicity stunt.

The above needs a source, especially since sounds silly (to me anyway). Anyone with any understanding of basic physics and astronomy should know any communication to an alien species is always going to have a very, very high latency. If you're saying don't communicate because you won't get a reply for ages you're basically saying don't communicate. But we might as well try arrives back here or whatever but saying it's a publicity stunt is just silly to me. Perhaps we will be extinct by the time a reply but we might as well try communicating and hope that someone, somewhere will receive our signal. We're not likely to be able to talk to an alien species like this:

• yo, sup' man humans?
• Well like you know in the United States the Democrats took control the Senate and Congress and Bush is pissed. And North Korea says they're going to go back to the sixy party talks. And oh yeah. Israelis and the Palestinians are still blowing each other up.
• so nothing new then man. same ol, same ol here to, you know what I'm saying?

Nil Einne 15:28, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

Assumptions of water and carbon?

I was under the impression that SETI's search was almost entirely EM-receiving with the occasional message sent - thus the points under Assumptions regarding water and carbon-based lifeforms seem superfluous to this article and would be better placed in a more general 'aliens' article. I'll remove them in a week unless you have something to say. Danlibbo 03:56, 7 November 2006 (UTC)

It may help narrow the search somewhat; if you've got stars whose planets could not possibly have water on them they're probably not promising targets for scrutiny. But, yes, at this point in time we do not have the technology to use these assumptions to narrow the search much. --Robert Merkel 23:46, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

Hey saw a thing about analysing the atmosphere of an extrasolar planet for the first time - so we're getting closer...but it's still a long way away --Danlibbo 04:25, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

SETI Making Contact on YouTube

YouTube is not a verifiable source, more so that clip which only has a watermark for "effectmatrix.com". Thus it is not enough to just cite YouTube for claims like that. Find a written, published and unbiased article or book citation. --Danlibbo 04:20, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

Conspiracy

I removed the Conspiracy section because it is unsourced (a YouTube link does not meet Wikipedia:Reliable sources. Danlibbo (talk • contribs) added it back and requested discussion. I plan on removing it again because, as I indicated, it fails to meet the Wikipedia standard for sourcing, but if anyone has a better citation, now's the time to add it. - CHAIRBOY (☎) 14:17, 1 December 2006 (UTC)

Agree. This is a pretty absurd source. I am particularly worried by the claim in the comment that "a moderator" told whoever added it that it could be kept. Morwen - Talk 15:43, 1 December 2006 (UTC)

I've discussed this with the editor at User_talk:Nima_Baghaei#SETI_Contacts and he/she has asserted that no source meeting Wikipedia:Reliable sources is available and has also implied that he/she is trying to use Wikipedia to draw attention to this conspiracy. I have informed the editor of the WP:NOR implications of this as well and am removing the section. I urge any other editor (specifically Danlibbo) to come here first before restoring the content unless the quality of the reference has been upgraded. Please note, this is not part of some 'jihad against conspiracy theories', this is basic encyclopedia janitorial work. References are important, triply so for claims like this. - CHAIRBOY (☎) 18:18, 1 December 2006 (UTC)

you guys realise that this is talking about conspiracy theories right? the whole idea is that there is no reliable source.

• to not mention something based on the lack of evidence is one thing, but to refuse debate is ludicrous - the clear majority of people who visit wikipedia do so either as a starting point for further research or as a sole reference point for basic information (ie a brief rundown on the topic and major events regarding the topic should be mentioned)
• the video isn't necessarily as bogus as it might look, a cursory investigation shows that several pretty high-ups attended the talk at the national press club (thus the argument has pretty much as much weight as any other good conspiracy theory)

:[on a side note, i find it amazing that no point is made on the page for jfk regarding the assassination conspiracies which have, by far, outlasted most of his other legacies save, for example, the vietnam war and the cuban missile crisis - consider if you were back at school, presenting a paper on jfk's legacies - you seriously wouldn't mention the conspiracies?]
and please don't pretend that wikipedia is a real encyclopaedia (let alone a reliable citation) - not only is that logic seriously flawed, but it weakens the structure of wikipedia as a whole
:as far as this argument requiring citations is concerned: either you request citation for every piece of movie and biographical trivia, or you allow those sections which don't feasibly or logically require fully reliable citations to be present, but just clearly marked and watched closely
--Danlibbo 11:00, 2 December 2006 (UTC)

There's a difference. Magazine articles have been written about JFK, as have books. A youtube video does not meet Wikipedia:Reliable sources, those do. Your threat to edit war over this is also inappropriate. It is not proper to use Wikipedia as a platform for original research, which is what the posting of this video is attempting to do. Wikipedia is an encyclopedia, not a press release center. - CHAIRBOY (☎) 15:45, 2 December 2006 (UTC)

"Your threat to edit war over this is also inappropriate." no sh*t!
"Magazine articles have been written about JFK, as have books." I'm not arguing the conspiracy theories should be included - pay attention - i'm arguing that mention should be made that such conspiracy theories exist --Danlibbo 02:06, 3 December 2006 (UTC)

this argument should really never have come up - i suggest someone (i'm guessing nima) rewrite the contribution such that:

• it only mentions the claim was made
• provides another source supporting that (this looks semi-reasonable, but i'm sure someone who cares can find something better)
  

then the argument about whether to include that such a 'theory' exists can begin --Danlibbo 02:06, 3 December 2006 (UTC)

---

ok - what's happened: there is now a conspiracy theory section that mentions that there is a conspiracy (as per nima's original link) and nothing more (any conjectures drawn by editors must have verifiable references - any problems, discuss it here and it can be edited or removed

Should we include the Disclosure Project's conspiracy theory?

Now that everyone's finally on the same page: I reckon mention should be made of the conspiracy, as mentioned by Nima_Baghaei above, as it's relevant and probably of interest to readers of the page much like the 1947 Roswell UFO_incident. On the other hand, the 'Disclosure Project' (http://www.disclosureproject.org/ website) that first claimed the conspiracy theory is hardly notable (and even they say there were only 20 or so people at the National Press Club for the original talk). So the argument becomes: "How interesting is such a conspiracy theory to the readers of SETI? Is it worthy of inclusion?" --Danlibbo 02:47, 5 December 2006 (UTC)

(I think this edit is suitable for inclusion) --Danlibbo 02:49, 5 December 2006 (UTC)

I think it's relevant. Include it. 202.161.12.249 05:59, 6 December 2006 (UTC)

agree - 124.189.91.34 22:51, 25 December 2006 (UTC)

That specific edit is absolutely not appropriate as it fails to assert a reliable source. Cite a newspaper article, not a youtube link. - CHAIRBOY (☎) 23:08, 25 December 2006 (UTC)

Original Research

Paragraphs 3 through 5 of "Where are they now?" sound like original research. Please add references. --Jemecki 03:23, 6 December 2006 (UTC)

New detector array

[2] "Eavesdropping On The Universe: New Radio Facility Could Detect Earth-like Civilizations Around 1,000 Nearest Stars" tells of a new tool for surveying out to a 30 light year radius for signals such as the ones we on Earth have been incidentally sending out for over 100 years. The new MWA-LFD, which is designed to study frequencies of 80-300 Megahertz, will pick up the same frequencies used by Earth technologies, rather than the present search for special beacons at high frequencies. Source: Harvard-Smithsonian Center For Astrophysics Date: January 8, 2007. I willl not jump in and edit this page, but thought this new info should have a home in the article. Edison 14:51, 9 January 2007 (UTC)

77 minutes

I read a report about the detection of a stong signal from near the center of the galaxy on Sept 30 and Oct 1, 2005. It repeated five times and lasted about ten minutes each time and repeated every 77 minutes. I don't know if this is a valid report. Does anyone know? Should it be mentioned in the article? Bubba73 (talk), 01:15, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

Here's a source.[3] The article indicates that the signals were certainly interesting, but there's no consensus that they didn't have a natural source.--Caliga10 03:22, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

I feel that this is worth mentioning in the article, but I'm not comfortable doing it. Bubba73 (talk), 03:50, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

I put the first one at the end of "See also". Bubba73 (talk), 03:54, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

Hi folks -- the interpretation of this as a SETI signal is (AFAICT) entire due to one kooky Linda Moulton Howe, and no scientist (or other reliable source) is talking about it as a ETI. Sdedeo (tips) 17:29, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

Oh, well. I'm the one that put GCRT J1745-3009 under "see also". From what I read it was considered a possibility. From the shape of the signal at that page, it looks like some contnuous beam on something that is rotating every 77 minutes. Bubba73 (talk), 17:36, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

Hi Bubba73 -- do you hav a source other than LMH? Happy to include it, but we definitely can't include every scientific phenomenon that someone claims is an ETI. Just out of curiousity, I took a look at the original Nature paper. It's certaintly a curious source! As a sidenote, though, the usual radio SETI searches (like SETI@home) confine themselves to looking for very narrowband emission (i.e., emission confined to a single frequency with a very small linewidth.) They wouldn't consider this a candidate signal because the emission is very broadband. Sdedeo (tips) 17:41, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

I don't think I have another source. I first heard about it several days ago, but I don't remember where. (I get newsletters, etc). Then I decided to look over here to see if it was mentioned. It wasn't so I asked on the talk page. I was given the reference above, and I think that the thing I read originally refered to this. Then I found an article about GCRT J1745-3009 and thought that it should at least be mentioned under "see also". But if it is not considered a possible intelligent signal, then it shouldn't go there. Bubba73 (talk), 03:19, 1 February 2007 (UTC)

Paranormal??

Why is SETI considered to be under the scope of paranormal research. Labelling it as such degrades its authority. Jrbray 06:22, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

Beats me. They also claim Extraterrestrial life to be under their project (Wikipedia:WikiProject Paranormal). I don't see what is paranormal about the possibility of life on other planets, or the search for it. It is paranormal only if you think they are here. Bubba73 (talk), 03:37, 1 February 2007 (UTC)

Why is that paranormal? 129.44.172.8 11:37, 1 February 2007 (UTC)

Stolen Laptop???

Why is there that little section about the stolen laptop? Who cares about it? I think it's not worth of staying in this article.--Gspinoza 20:30, 15 March 2007 (UTC)

I second that. The section is not noteworthy. Please delete it. --Jemecki 15:16, 23 March 2007 (UTC)

Hard Science

SETI I believe can hardly qualify as soft science since its basic tenet is not falsifiable. Any comments? 69.211.150.60 13:24, 25 April 2007 (UTC)

The very strongest statements, such as intelligent civilizations must exist somewhere else in the universe other than Earth are indeed not falsifiable. But no reasonable SETI researcher would claim this. Instead they claim we have found (did not find) the following evidence... which *is* falsifiable.

The observations of SETI are very hard science. The basic hypothesis (for radio observations) is There exists at least one coherent microwave transmitter, not made by humans, of at least X watts, visible to us, in our galaxy. This is falsifiable by looking at a certain sensitivity level and not finding any. The opposite hypothesis, There exists no coherent microwave transmitters of more the X watts anywhere in the galaxy is also falsifiable, by finding one. These hypotheses in principal could be quite strong, since the physics of radio supports detecting very small transmitters, though we can only see big ones now. We know the waves are coherent over very long ranges (radio interferometer observations between earth and satellites, and VLBI) so antennnas capable of detecting roughly 1 watt transmitters, anywhere in the galaxy, are in theory possible (though way too expensive now, of course). This leads to a very strong falsifiable statement, such as There are no transmitters, not built by us, of 1 watt or more anywhere in the galaxy

Now suppose you find a signal. Then your hypothesis is There is no non-intelligent process that generates signal with characteristics Z where Z is modulated, narrow-band, or some other trait. This is falsifiable by thinking of a non-intelligent process that could create such a signal.

Suppose you don't find a signal. Then the falsifiable hard science part is there are no transmitters in our galaxy of power X or more. Successively softer are the conclusions there are no radio using civilizations, then there are no technical civilizations, and there are no civilizations, and there are no intelligent beings.

Statements about beings based on biology are in principal falsifiable, too, since nothing in physics prevents you from examining each planet in detail. So the statement there exists (or does not exist) any self-replicating molecules of size X or greater, anywhere in the galaxy except Earth is in principal falsifiable. Of course this is even less practical to check than a comprehensive radip search.

Basically, claims about evidence are hard science, but claims about existence are not. I think all the serious SETI scientists understand this very well indeed.

LouScheffer 16:56, 25 April 2007 (UTC)

The hypothesis 'Life exists on other planets' is not falsifiable. Sorry. My point is that other studies are claimed to be pseudoscience because they are not falsifiable. By that definition SETI is pseudoscience. If one tries to be consistent. 68.109.234.155 19:07, 25 April 2007 (UTC)