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Defense of the Ancients

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"DotA" redirects here. For the Basshunter song, see Vi sitter i Ventrilo och spelar DotA.
Defense of the Ancients
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Operating systemMac OS X, Windows, Linux
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Websitegetdota.com Edit this on Wikidata

Defense of the Ancients (DotA) is a custom scenario for Warcraft III, based on the "Aeon of Strife" map for StarCraft. The objective of the scenario is for each team to destroy the opponents' Ancients, heavily guarded structures at opposing corners of the map. Players use powerful units known as heroes, and are assisted by allied heroes and AI-controlled fighters called "creeps". As in role-playing games, players level up their hero and use gold to buy equipment during the mission.[1]

The scenario was developed with the "World Editor" of Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos, and was updated upon the release of the Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne. There have been many variations of the original concept; the most popular is DotA Allstars, which has been maintained by several authors during development.

Since its release, Allstars has become a feature at several worldwide tournaments, including Blizzard Entertainment's BlizzCon and the Asian World Cyber Games, as well as the Cyberathlete Amateur and CyberEvolution leagues; Gamasutra declared that DotA was perhaps the most popular "free, non-supported game mod in the world".[2] The map has gone on to influence other maps and games, including the 2009 strategy game Demigod.

Gameplay

A game of DotA Allstars in progress

Defense of the Ancients pits two teams of players against each other: the Sentinel and the Scourge. Players on the Sentinel team are based at the southwest corner of the map, and those on the Scourge team are based at the northeast corner. Each base is defended by towers and waves of units which guard the main paths leading to their base. In the center of each base is the "Ancient", a building that must be destroyed to win the game.[3][4]

Each human player controls one Hero, a powerful unit with unique abilities. In Allstars, players on each side choose one of ninety-five heroes, each with different abilities and tactical advantages over other heroes.[5] The scenario is highly team-oriented; it is difficult for one player to carry the team to victory alone.[6] Nevertheless, some heroes, given enough time, can change the outcome single-handedly, while countering the opposing team's heroes. Defense of the Ancients allows up to ten players in a five versus five format and an additional two slots for referees or observers, often with an equal number of players on each side.

Because the gameplay revolves around strengthening individual heroes, it does not require one to focus on resource management and base-building, as in most traditional real-time strategy games. Killing computer-controlled or neutral units earns the player experience points; when enough experience is accumulated, the player gains a level. Leveling up improves the hero's toughness and the damage it can inflict, and allows players to upgrade their spells or skills. In addition to accumulating experience, players also manage a single resource: gold. The typical resource gathering of Warcraft III is replaced by a combat-oriented money system; in addition to a small periodic income, heroes earn gold by killing hostile units, base structures, and enemy heroes.[7] Using gold, players buy items to strengthen their hero and gain abilities. Certain items can be combined with recipes to create more powerful items. Buying items that suit one's hero is an important tactical element of the scenario.[8]

Allstars offers a variety of game modes, selected by the game host at the beginning of the match. The game modes dictate the difficulty of the scenario, as well as whether people can choose their hero or are assigned one randomly. Many game modes can be combined (for example, an easy difficulty level and a random hero pick), allowing more flexible options.[9]

Development

Warcraft III is the third title in the Warcraft series of real-time strategy games developed by Blizzard Entertainment. As with Warcraft II, Blizzard included a free "world editor" in the game that allows players to create custom scenarios or "maps" for the game, which can be played online with other players through Battle.net.[10] These custom scenarios can be simple terrain changes, which play like normal Warcraft games, or they can be entirely new game scenarios with custom objectives, units, items, and events, like Defense of the Ancients.[10]

The first version of Defense of the Ancients was released in 2003 by a mapmaker under the alias Eul,[11] who based the map on a previous StarCraft scenario known as "Aeon of Strife",[9] After the release of Warcraft's expansion The Frozen Throne, which added new features to the World Editor, Eul did not update the scenario.[12] Other mapmakers produced spinoffs that added new heroes, items, and features.[11]

Among the DotA variants created in the wake of Eul's map included Allstars, developed by modder Steve Feak (under the alias Guinsoo); this version would become the most popular version of the map.[13] Feak said when he began developing Allstars he had no idea how popular the game would eventually become; the emerging success of the gametype inspired him to design a new title around what he considered an emerging game genre.[14] Feak added a recipe system for items so that player's equipment would scale as they grew more powerful, as well as a powerful boss character called Roshan (named after his bowling ball) who required an entire team to defeat.[11]

Feak used a battle.net chat channel as a place for DotA players to congregate,[11] but DotA Allstars had no official site for discussions and hosting. The leaders of the DotA Allstars clan, TDA, proposed that a dedicated web site be created to replace the various online alternatives that were infrequently updated or improperly maintained. TDA member Steve "Pendragon" Mescon created the official community site, dota-allstars.com, on October 14, 2004.[15]

Towards the end of his association with the map, Feak primarily worked on optimizing the map before handing over control to another developer after version 6.01. The new author, IceFrog, added new features, heroes, and fixes. Each release is accompanied with a changelog.[16] IceFrog is notoriously reclusive, refusing to give interviews; the only evidence of IceFrog's authorship was the map maker's email account on the official website and the name branded on the game's loading screen.[2] Icefrog now interacts with players through a personal blog where he answers common questions players have about him and about the game.[17] He has also posted information about upcoming map releases, including previews of new heroes and items.[18]

Defense of the Ancients has strong community support, now maintained via official forums. Users can post ideas for new heroes or items, some of which are added to the map. Players have contributed icons and hero descriptions and created the artwork displayed while the map loads, and suggestions for changes to existing heroes or items are taken seriously; IceFrog once changed a new hero less than two weeks after the new version of the map was released.[2] Versions of the scenario where enemy heroes are controlled by artificial intelligences have also been released. Mescon continues to maintain dota-allstars.com, which as of April 2009 has 1.5 million registered members and receives more than a million unique visitors each month. New team members have been added to roll out visual and system improvements to the site.[15] IceFrog announced due to conflict of interest that he would be boycotting dota-allstars.com and starting his own web site while continuing game development.[19]

Because Warcraft III custom games have none of the features designed to improve game quality (matchmaking players based on connection speed, etc.), various programs are used to maintain Defense of the Ancients. External tools ping player's locations, and games can be named to exclude geographic regions.[2] Clans and committees such as TDA maintain their own official list of rules and regulations, and players can be kicked from matches by being placed on "banlists".[2]

Reception and legacy

The top three finalists from the first World Cyber Games Defense of the Ancients championship

The popularity of Defense of the Ancients has increased over time. The scenario was featured by Computer Gaming World in a review of new maps and mods in Warcraft III,[20] and has been called "the ultimate RTS" by game journalist and developer Luke Smith.[21] Allstars has become an important tournament scenario, starting with its prominence at the debut of Blizzard's BlizzCon convention in 2005.[22] Allstars was also featured in the Malaysia and Singapore World Cyber Games starting in 2005, and the World Cyber Games Asian Championships beginning with the 2006 season.[23] Defense of the Ancients is now included in the game lineup for the internationally recognized Cyberathlete Amateur League and CyberEvolution leagues.[24] Additionally, the scenario appeared in Electronic Sports World Cup (ESWC) 2008;[25][26] Oliver Paradis, ESWC's competition manager, noted that the high level of community support behind the scenario, as well as its worldwide appeal, were among the reasons it was chosen.[27]

The scenario is popular in many parts of the world; in the Philippines and Thailand, it is played as much as the game Counter-Strike.[28] It is also popular in Sweden and other Northern European countries, where the Defense of the Ancients-inspired song "Vi sitter i Ventrilo och spelar DotA" by Swedish musician Basshunter reached the European 2006 charts at #116 and cracked the top ten Singles Charts in Sweden, Norway,[29] and Finland.[30] LAN tournaments are a major part of worldwide play,[27] including tournaments in Sweden and Russia; however, due to a lack of LAN tournaments and championships in North America, several teams have since disbanded.[28] Blizzard points to DotA as an example of what dedicated mapmakers can create using developer's tools.[31]

In June 2008, Michael Walbridge, writing for Gamasutra, stated that DotA "is likely the most popular and most-discussed free, non-supported game mod in the world".[2] In pointing to the strong community built around the game, Walbridge stated that DotA shows it is much easier for a community game to be maintained by the community, and this is one of the maps' greatest strengths. Defense of the Ancients has been credited as one of the influences for the 2009 Gas Powered Games title Demigod,[32][33] with the video game publication GameSpy noting the game's premise revolved around aspiring gods "[playing] DotA in real life".[34] Guinsoo went on to apply many of the mechanics and lessons he learned from Defense of the Ancients to the upcoming Riot Games title League of Legends: Clash of Fates.[14]

References

  1. ^ Tok, Kevin (2006-01-25). "Defense of the Ancients 101, Page 2". GotFrag. Retrieved 2007-08-04. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ^ a b c d e f Walbridge, Michael (2008-06-12). "Analysis: Defense of the Ancients - An Underground Revolution". Gamasutra. Retrieved 2008-06-23.
  3. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". Dota-Allstars.com. Retrieved 2007-08-04.
  4. ^ Lodaya, Punit (2006-02-09). "DotA: AllStars Part 1". TechTree.com. Retrieved 2007-08-04.
  5. ^ "Hero Database". Dota-Allstars.com. Retrieved 2007-02-19.
  6. ^ Nair, Neha (2007-10-30). "Why Defense of the Ancients? (Pg. 1)". GotFrag. Retrieved 2007-11-01.
  7. ^ Lodaya, Punit (2006-02-09). "DotA: AllStars Part 2: What Do I Do?". TechTree.com. Retrieved 2007-08-04.
  8. ^ "DotA-Allstars.com Items Database". Dota-Allstars.com. Retrieved 2007-03-01.
  9. ^ a b Tok, Kevin (2006-01-25). "Defense of the Ancients 101". GotFrag. Retrieved 2007-08-04.
  10. ^ a b "World Editor". Warcraft III Instruction Manual. Blizzard Entertainment. 2002. p. 16.
  11. ^ a b c d Feak, Steve; Steve Mescon (2009-03-19). "Postmortem: Defense of the Ancients". Gamasutra. pp. 1–5. Retrieved 2009-04-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ Waldbridge, Michael (2008-05-30). "The Game Anthropologist: Defense of the Ancients: An Underground Revolution". GameSetWatch. Retrieved 2009-01-20.
  13. ^ Staff (2008-02-18). "Vida: El top 5". El Universo (in Español). Retrieved 2008-07-01.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  14. ^ a b Perez, Daniel (2009-01-16). "Previews; We talk with new developer Riot Games about its strategy/RPG hybrid and the lead designer's Warcraft roots". 1UP.com. Retrieved 2009-02-07.
  15. ^ a b Nair, Neha (2009-04-28). "Interview with Pendragon, The future of DotA-Allstars.com". Dota-Allstars.com. Retrieved 2009-05-15.
  16. ^ Icefrog. "Latest DotA Changelog". GetDota.com. Retrieved 2007-09-04.
  17. ^ Icefrog (2008-12-24). "Q&A Session #1". icefrog.com. Retrieved 2009-04-20.
  18. ^ Icefrog (2009-04-08). "Update". icefrog.com. Retrieved 2009-04-20.
  19. ^ IceFrog (2009-05-14). "DotA website news". icefrog.com. Retrieved 2009-05-15.
  20. ^ Staff (2004-09-01). "WarCraft Maps Go Mod". Computer Gaming World. Retrieved 2007-08-12.
  21. ^ O'Connor, Frank; Smith, Luke et al. The Official Bungie Podcast (MP3). Washington: Bungie. Retrieved 2008-02-27. {{cite AV media}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |date2= (help); Explicit use of et al. in: |authors= (help); Unknown parameter |month2= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |year2= ignored (help)
  22. ^ Staff (2005). "Blizzcon '05 Tournaments". Blizzard. Retrieved 2007-08-05.
  23. ^ "About WCG Asian Championships". World Cyber Games. 2006-08-05. Retrieved 2007-02-19.
  24. ^ "CyberEvolution - Warcraft 3: Defense of the Ancients - Series 1". cevolved.com. Retrieved 2007-02-19.
  25. ^ Banks, James (2008-01-06). "ESWC Gamelist". SK Gaming. Retrieved 2008-01-02.
  26. ^ Saylor, Robby (2008-02-14). "Rwar and Slahser on Current Issues". GotFrag. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
  27. ^ a b Nair, Neha (2008-01-18). "ESWC interview, why DotA?". GotFrag. Retrieved 2008-03-07.
  28. ^ a b Nair, Neha (2007-10-30). "Why Defense of the Ancients? (Pg. 2)". GotFrag. Retrieved 2007-11-01.
  29. ^ "Basshunter - Vi sitter i Ventrilo och spelar DotA". norweigancharts.com. Retrieved 2007-08-07.
  30. ^ "Bass hunter - Vi sitter i Ventrilo och spelar DotA". finnishcharts.com. Retrieved 2007-08-07.
  31. ^ Mielke, James (2007). "Will Work for Vespene Gas; Ten minutes with StarCraft II lead producer Chris Sigaty". Games for Windows (8). {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  32. ^ Purchese, Rob (2008-03-04). "GPG "fairly certain" Demigod will make 08". Eurogamer. Retrieved 2008-03-05.
  33. ^ Paul, Ure (2008-03-04). "Demigod First Look". ActionTrip. Retrieved 2008-03-12.
  34. ^ Lopez, Miguel (2008-02-21). "Demigod (PC) Preview". GameSpy. Retrieved 2008-10-16.

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