New York's 12th congressional district

New York's 12th congressional district
New York's 12th congressional district
Representative	Nydia Velázquez; D–Brooklyn
Distribution	100.00% urban; 0.00% rural;
Population (2000)	654,360
Median household; income	37,435
Ethnicity	48.5% Hispanic; 39.5% White; 16.0% Asian; 10.9% Black; 4.6% other; 0.7% Native American;
Cook PVI	D+33

New York's 12th Congressional District is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives located in New York City. It includes parts of Brooklyn, Queens, and Manhattan. It includes the Queens neighborhoods of Maspeth, Ridgewood, and Woodside, the Brooklyn neighborhoods of Bushwick, Greenpoint, Red Hook, East New York, Brooklyn Heights, Sunset Park, and Williamsburg and part of Manhattan’s Lower East Side and East Village. It has been represented by Democrat Nydia Velazquez since 1993.

Demographics

According to the American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates published by the U.S. Census Bureau for the period from 2005 to 2009, the district has an estimated population of 683,048. The ethnic composition of the district is estimated to be 48.3% white, 9.9% black or African American, .4% American Indian or Alaska Native, 17.2% Asian, and 0.0% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander. An estimated 22.3% of the district's population is some other race, and 2.2% are two or more races. ^[1]

Voting

Election results from presidential races
Year	Office	Results
2008	President	Obama 86 - 13%
2004	President	Kerry 80 - 19%
2000	President	Gore 77 - 15%

Components: Past and Present

1993-present:

Parts of Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens

1945-1993:

Parts of Brooklyn

1913-1945:

Parts of Manhattan

Representatives

1803 - 1813: One seat

Representative	Party	Years	Note
District created		1803
David Thomas	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1803 – February 17, 1808^[2]	redistricted from 7th district, resigned after becoming New York State Treasurer
Vacant		February 17, 1808 – November 7, 1808
Nathan Wilson	Democratic-Republican	November 7, 1808 – March 3, 1809
Erastus Root	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1809 – March 3, 1811
Arunah Metcalf	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1811 – March 3, 1813

1813 - 1823: two seats

From 1813 to 1823, two seats were apportioned to the 12th District, elected at-large on a general ticket.

Seat A

Representative	Party	Years	District home	Note
Zebulon R. Shipherd	Federalist	March 4, 1813 – March 3, 1815	Granville
vacant		March 4, 1815 – December 7, 1815	Rep.-elect Benjamin Pond died on October 6, 1814
Asa Adgate	Democratic-Republican	December 7, 1815 – March 3, 1817	Chesterfield	elected to fill vacancy
John Palmer	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1817 – March 3, 1819	Plattsburgh
Ezra C. Gross	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1819 – March 3, 1821	Elizabethtown
Vacant		March 4 - December 3, 1821	The United States House of Representatives elections in New York, 1821 were held in April, after the congressional term had already begun. It is not clear when the result was announced or the credentials were issued.
Reuben H. Walworth	Democratic-Republican	December 3, 1821 – March 3, 1823	Plattsburgh

Seat B

Representative	Party	Years
Elisha I. Winter	Federalist	March 4, 1813 – March 3, 1815
John Savage	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1815 – March 3, 1819
Nathaniel Pitcher	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1819 – March 3, 1823

1823 - present: One seat

Representative	Party	Years	Note
Lewis Eaton	Crawford Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1825
William Dietz	Jacksonian	March 4, 1825 – March 3, 1827
John I. De Graff	Jacksonian	March 4, 1827 – March 3, 1829
Peter I. Borst	Jacksonian	March 4, 1829 – March 3, 1831
Joseph Bouck	Jacksonian	March 4, 1831 – March 3, 1833
Henry C. Martindale	Anti-Masonic	March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1835
David Abel Russell	Anti-Jacksonian	March 4, 1835 – March 3, 1837
David Abel Russell	Whig	March 4, 1837 – March 3, 1841
Bernard Blair	Whig	March 4, 1841 – June 20, 1843
David L. Seymour	Democratic	March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845
Richard P. Herrick	Whig	March 4, 1845 – June 20, 1846	died
Vacant		June 20, 1846 – December 7, 1846
Thomas C. Ripley	Whig	December 7, 1846 – March 3, 1847
Gideon Reynolds	Whig	March 4, 1847 – March 3, 1851
David L. Seymour	Democratic	March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1853
Gilbert Dean	Democratic	March 4, 1853 – July 3, 1854	redistricted from 8th district, resigned after appointment as justice to Supreme Court of New York
Vacant		July 3, 1854 – November 7, 1854
Isaac Teller	Whig	November 7, 1854 – March 3, 1855
Killian Miller	Opposition	March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857
John Thompson	Republican	March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1859
Charles Lewis Beale	Republican	March 4, 1859 – March 3, 1861
Stephen Baker	Republican	March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863
Homer A. Nelson	Democratic	March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1865
John H. Ketcham	Republican	March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1873
Charles St. John	Republican	March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1875	redistricted from 11th district
Nathaniel H. Odell	Democratic	March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1877
Clarkson Nott Potter	Democratic	March 4, 1877 – March 3, 1879
Waldo Hutchins	Democratic	November 4, 1879 – March 3, 1885	elected to replace Rep-elect Alexander Smith who died before being seated
Abraham Dowdney	Democratic	March 4, 1885 – December 10, 1886	died
Vacant		December 10, 1886 – March 4, 1887
William Bourke Cockran	Democratic	March 4, 1887 – March 3, 1889
Roswell P. Flower	Democratic	March 4, 1889 – September 16, 1891	resigned after being elected as Governor of New York
Vacant		September 16, 1891 – November 3, 1891
Joseph J. Little	Democratic	November 3, 1891 – March 3, 1893
William Bourke Cockran	Democratic	March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1895	redistricted from 10th district
George B. McClellan, Jr.	Democratic	March 4, 1895 – December 21, 1903	resigned on election as Mayor of New York City
Vacant		December 21, 1903 – February 23, 1904
William Bourke Cockran	Democratic	February 23, 1904 – March 3, 1909
Michael F. Conry	Democratic	March 4, 1909 – March 3, 1913	redistricted to 15th district
Henry M. Goldfogle	Democratic	March 4, 1913 – March 3, 1915	redistricted from 9th district
Meyer London	Socialist	March 4, 1915 – March 3, 1919
Henry M. Goldfogle	Democratic	March 4, 1919 – March 3, 1921
Meyer London	Socialist	March 4, 1921 – March 3, 1923
Samuel Dickstein	Democratic	March 4, 1923 – January 3, 1945	redistricted to 19th district
John J. Rooney	Democratic	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1953	redistricted from 4th district, redistricted to 14th district
Francis E. Dorn	Republican	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1961
Hugh L. Carey	Democratic	January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963	redistricted to 15th district
Edna F. Kelly	Democratic	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1969	redistricted from 10th district
Shirley Chisholm	Democratic	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1983
Major R. Owens	Democratic	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1993	redistricted to 11th district
Nydia Velazquez	Democratic	January 3, 1993 – present	incumbent

The 12th District was historically a Brooklyn district. In the 1960s, it was realigned to include majority African American neighborhoods such as Bedford-Stuyvesant in Central Brooklyn. Up to 1992 it was the central Brooklyn district now held by Yvette Clarke (and formerly by Major Owens), and then remapped to include Hispanic neighborhoods in lower Manhattan and Queens.

Election results

Note that in New York State electoral politics there are numerous minor parties at various points on the political spectrum. Certain parties will invariably endorse either the Republican or Democratic candidate for every office, hence the state electoral results contain both the party votes, and the final candidate votes (Listed as "Recap").

US House election, 2010: New York District 12
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Nydia Velazquez	68,624	93.9	+3.9
	Conservative	Alice Gaffney	4,482	6.1	+6.1
Majority			64,142	87.7	+7.7
Turnout			73,106	100	−46.6

US House election, 2008: New York District 12
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Nydia Velazquez	123,053	90.0	+0.3
	Republican	Allan E. Romaguera	13,748	10.0	−0.3
Majority			109,305	80.0	+0.5
Turnout			136,801	100	+95.3

US House election, 2006: New York District 12
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Nydia Velazquez	62,847	89.7	+3.4
	Republican	Allan E. Romaguera	7,182	10.3	−3.4
Majority			55,665	79.5	+7.0
Turnout			70,029	100	−44.0

US House election, 2004: New York District 12
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Nydia Velazquez	107,796	86.3	−9.5
	Republican	Paul A. Rodriguez	17,166	13.7	+13.7
Majority			90,630	72.5	−19.1
Turnout			124,962	100	+147.3

US House election, 2002: New York District 12
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Nydia Velazquez	48,408	95.8	+8.7
	Conservative	Cesar Estevez	2,119	4.2	+3.3
Majority			46,289	91.6	+14.7
Turnout			50,527	100	−49.0

US House election, 2000: New York District 12
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Nydia Velazquez	86,288	87.1	+3.5
	Republican	Rosemary Markgraf	10,052	10.1	−1.5
	Socialist	Paul Pederson	1,025	1.0	+1.0
	Right to Life	Mildred Rosario	865	0.9	+0.9
	Conservative	Cesar Estevez	850	0.9	−1.7
Majority			76,236	76.9	+4.9
Turnout			99,080	100	+55.5

US House election, 1998: New York District 12
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Nydia Velazquez	53,269	83.6	−1.0
	Republican	Rosemary Markgraf	7,405	11.6	−2.0
	Conservative	Angel Diaz	1,632	2.6	+2.6
	Liberal	Hector Cortes, Jr.	1,400	2.2	+2.2
Majority			45,864	72.0	+1.0
Turnout			63,706	100	−12.9

US House election, 1996: New York District 12
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Nydia Velazquez	61,913	84.6
	Republican	Miguel I. Prado	9,978	13.6
	Socialist Workers	Eleanor Garcia	1,283	1.8
Majority			51,935	71.0
Turnout			73,174	100

Notes

^ "Fast Facts for Congress". U.S. Census Bureau. 2005–2009. Retrieved 2011-10-17.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
^ David Thomas was appointed New York State Treasurer on February 5, 1808, and resigned his seat. His letter of resignation was read in the House on February 17. see: Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States (Vol. V; page 182)

References

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
2004 House election data Clerk of the House of Representatives
2002 House election data "
2000 House election data "
1998 House election data "
1996 House election data "

[rematch-1] "Fast Facts for Congress". U.S. Census Bureau. 2005–2009. Retrieved 2011-10-17.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)

[2] David Thomas was appointed New York State Treasurer on February 5, 1808, and resigned his seat. His letter of resignation was read in the House on February 17. see: Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States (Vol. V; page 182)

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