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McLaren 12C

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McLaren MP4-12C
Overview
ManufacturerMcLaren Automotive
Production2011– 2014
AssemblyWoking, Surrey, England
DesignerFrank Stephenson
Body and chassis
ClassSports car
Body style2-door coupé
2-door roadster
LayoutRear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive
RelatedMcLaren 650S
Powertrain
EngineMcLaren M838T twin-turbo 3.8 L V8
Transmission7-speed dual-clutch
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,670 mm (105.1 in)[1]
Length4,509 mm (177.5 in)[1]
Width1,908 mm (75.1 in)[1]
Height1,199 mm (47.2 in)[1]
Kerb weight1,434 kg (3,161 lb)[2]
McLaren MP4-12C at Goodwood Festival of Speed 2010
Problems playing this file? See media help.

The McLaren 12C (formerly called the McLaren MP4-12C),[3] is a sports car designed and manufactured by McLaren Automotive. It is the first production car wholly designed and built by McLaren since the McLaren F1, which ended production in 1998. The car's final design was unveiled in September 2009, and was launched in mid-2011.

The MP4-12C features a carbon fibre composite chassis, and is powered by a mid-mounted McLaren M838T 3.8-litre V8, twin-turbo engine developing approximately 616 bhp (459 kW; 625 PS) and around 443 lb⋅ft (601 N⋅m) of torque. The car makes use of Formula 1-sourced technologies such as "brake steer",[4] where the inside rear wheel is braked during fast cornering to reduce understeer. Power is transmitted to the wheels through a seven-speed seamless shift dual-clutch gearbox.

A convertible version of the car called the MP4-12C Spider, renamed the 12C Spider in 2012, is also available. In February 2014, McLaren announced the related 650S, with revised bodywork and upgraded engine and other technical improvements. In April 2014, McLaren announced the end of production of the 12C.[5]

Specifications

Design

In 2008, McLaren hired Frank Stephenson as design director for their reborn production car project.[6]

As with the McLaren F1, carbon fibre is used extensively in the vehicle to minimise weight. The MP4-12C weighs 1,301 kg (2,868 lb) dry.[7]

The chassis is based around a F1 style one-piece carbon fibre tub, called the Carbon MonoCell, weighing only 80 kg (176 lb). The MonoCell is made in a single pressing by using a set of patented processes, using Bi-Axial and Tri-Axial carbon fibre multiaxial fabrics produced by Formax UK Ltd. with the MonoCell manufactured by Carbo Tech in Salzburg, Austria.[8][9] This has reduced the time required to produce a MonoCell from 3,000 hours for the F1 and 500 hours for the Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren, to 4 hours for the MP4-12C.[8]

The car has a conventional two side-by-side seating arrangement, unlike its predecessor the McLaren F1 which featured an irregular three seat formation (front centre, two behind either side). To make up for this however, the car's central console is narrower than in other cars, seating the driver closer to the centre. Interior trim and materials can be specified in asymmetric configuration – known as "Driver Zone".

Engine

Main article: McLaren M838T engine

The car is powered by the M838T 3.8 litre twin-turbo V8 engine, designed and developed by McLaren and Ricardo.[10] The design of the engine was based on a racing engine which was designed and developed by Tom Walkinshaw Racing for the IRL Indy Car Championship but never raced. However, other than the 93 mm bore, little of that engine remains in the M838T.[11] It produces 592 bhp (441 kW; 600 PS) and 443 lb⋅ft (601 N⋅m) of torque. It has a redline of 8,500 rpm, with 80% of torque available at just 2,000 rpm.[7][12] When first announced, McLaren claimed that it would have a higher horsepower to carbon dioxide emission ratio than any internal-combustion engine available at the time.[13]

McLaren announced a small number of improvements to become available in October 2012, with the option to be retrofitted to existing cars free of charge. The engine now produces 616 bhp (459 kW; 625 PS) and no change to the CO2 emissions which remain at 279 g/km.[14] This power output has also become standard on the 2013 model.

The M838T engine is manufactured for McLaren at the Ricardo Shoreham Technical Centre in West Sussex.[10]

Transmission

Rear view of 2012 MP4-12C

The engine is connected to a seven-speed automatic dual-clutch gearbox made by Graziano Oerlikon. Dubbed the "Seamless Shift Gearbox" or SSG, the gearbox features a system dubbed "Pre-Cog" that allows the driver to preselect the next gear by lightly tapping the paddle.[11][15]

Performance

McLaren have stated the 12C can accelerate from 0 to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 3.1 seconds and 0 to 200 km/h (124 mph) in 9.0 seconds.[16] During independent testing of a stock 2012 12C, DragTimes recorded a 0 to 100 km/h (62 mph) time of 2.7 seconds [17] and a quarter mile time of 10.2 seconds at 218.15 km/h (136 mph),[17] the 3rd fastest verified time for a stock production car at the time. The car has a claimed top speed of 207 mph (333 km/h)[18] and was tested at 213.2 mph (343 km/h) by Sport Auto.[19] It can brake from 200 km/h (124 mph) to a complete stop in under 5 seconds.[20] Braking from 100 km/h (62 mph) to zero can be done in under 30 metres (98 ft), around seven car lengths.

Nomenclature

The name's former prefix 'MP4' has been the chassis designation for all McLaren Formula 1 cars since 1981. Since 1997, 'MP4' has stood for McLaren Project 4 (from 1981 to 1996, the "M" stood for Marlboro, McLaren's title sponsor), resulting from the merger of Ron Dennis' Project 4 organisation with McLaren. The '12' refers to McLaren's internal Vehicle Performance Index through which it rates key performance criteria both for competitors and for its own cars. The criteria combine power, weight, emissions, and aerodynamic efficiency. The coalition of all these values delivers an overall performance index that has been used as a benchmark throughout the car's development. The 'C' refers to Carbon, highlighting the application of carbon fibre technology to the future range of McLaren sports cars.

MP4-12C shares its name with the MP4/12 Formula 1 car that raced in the 1997 season. This car featured a second brake pedal discovered by photographers to counter understeer on the exit of the corners by selecting the inside rear wheel, similar to the computer controlled "brake steer" system of the MP4-12C.

In the end of 2012, the name of the MP4-12C was reduced to 12C - that name is usually used when referring to the coupe. The open-top version now being called the 12C Spider.

Production

Series production McLaren MP4-12C

Produced at the new £50m McLaren Production Centre, which is located next to the existing award winning McLaren Technology Centre in Surrey, the building is designed to serve as the future production site of McLaren Automotive's road cars. British Prime Minister David Cameron officially opened the building on 18 November 2011.[21]

All of the major components are produced by external contractors, with only final assembly, paint and inspection/shipping occurring at the McLaren Production Centre. Final assembly starts with the MonoCell, around which all components are then placed and fitted.

Reception

On 10 July 2011, the MP4-12C set the second fastest lap around Top Gear's test track, posting a time of 1 minute and 16.2 seconds.[22] The car was developed and tested by McLaren on the Top Gear test track as part of their product development, long before its appearance on the show. It was 1.1 seconds slower than the Ariel Atom 500 with the third fastest lap and 2.4 seconds slower than the Pagani Huayra with the fastest lap.[23]

The car was also tested by Top Gear when the 3 presenters went to Italy to try and find a car that was better than a Ferrari 458 and cost less than £250,000.

However, the MP4-12C finished second behind the Ferrari 458 Italia in Car Magazine's July 2011 group test. It placed third behind the 458 and Porsche 911 GT2 RS in the lap times set at Rockingham Speedway by racing driver Ben Collins.[24] At an EVO magazine test it was over a second slower than the Ferrari around the Bedford Autodrome West track,[25] it was also slower in Fifth Gear and Car Magazine. The MP4-12C also lapped the Nürburgring in 7 minutes and 28 seconds.[26]

The 12C won the Middle East "Car of the Year" Award as "Best Supercar" in 2012 and overall "Car of the Year" at the Middle East Motor Awards the same year.[27] [28]

Variants

Spider

12C Spider at 2012 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance

The 12C Spider is a convertible version of the MP4-12C with a retractable hardtop. Because the coupe was designed from the outset with a convertible version in mind, no additional strengthening was needed for the Spider and it weighs only 40 kilograms (88 lb) more than the coupe.[29] McLaren has worked to preserve the coupé's 204 mph (328 km/h) top speed and up to 196 mph (315 km/h) is possible roof down. Meanwhile, the dihedral doors of the coupé are retained.[30]

HS

The McLaren MP4-12C HS is a one-off bespoke project of five cars from the McLaren Special Operations division. The HS stands for “High Sport” and all five cars are owned by one of McLaren’s clients. Changes to the HS from the standard MP4-12C include a carbon fibre high down force rear diffuser, wheel arch louvres and a modified airbrake calibration. The HS also has new lightweight wheels with HS style polished spokes and carbon fibre vented rear deck and engine cover vents.

Reports suggest that the HS has a power increase of around 75 hp (56 kW).[31] The five HS were specified in four different colours,[32] with numbers #1/5 and #5/5 finished in Pearl White and #2/5, #3/5 and #4/5 finished in Sapphire Black, McLaren Orange and Volcano Orange respectively.[33]

Can-Am

The McLaren MP4-12C Can-Am Edition is a track-only version based on its GT3 racer. It was unveiled as a design study at the 2012 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance, the name is a homage to McLaren drivers Bruce McLaren and Denny Hulme's successes in the Can-Am series in the 1960s to 1970s.

The engine will be derestricted and recalibrated with optimised cooling system, bringing out an extra 30 bhp up to 630 hp. No more than thirty examples will be produced at £375,000.[34]

Motorsports

GT3

Philipp Eng driving a GT3 at the Hockenheimring

In December 2010, McLaren announced that they would produce a small number of MP4-12C cars in order for them to compete in the FIA Group GT3. McLaren stated that they will provide maintenance for the cars and will begin racing in 2012 with the CRS Racing team.[35] The MP4-12C will be the first car to compete in sportscar racing for the company since the F1 GTR.[36] It received its début with a single car entry for the Spa Francorchamps round of the British GT championship. This was followed by a three car entry in the 2011 Spa 24 Hours.[37] Another car was also entered in the GT cup of the 2011 Macau Grand Prix, driven by Danny Watts.[38]

In March 2012, McLaren readied 25 MP4-12C GT3 cars for a full racing season in the 2012 FIA GT1 World Championship, and its GT drivers tested the car on its Dunsfold test track, the same test track as used in the Top Gear BBC television show.[39] McLaren released several promotional videos for the MP4-12C in the lead up to the racing season, including one of Formula 1 star Lewis Hamilton driving the car at locations in the U.S.

Compared to the road car, the MP4-12C GT3 produces less power with only 493 bhp (368 kW; 500 PS) due to homologation. The car features a new bespoke six-speed gearbox that is 80 kg (176 lb) lighter than the road car's seven-speed, developed with Ricardo. The steering wheel is lifted from the McLaren MP4-24 Formula 1 car.[40]

The car took its first victories in the world at the two races of the Circuito de Navarra round of the 2012 FIA GT1 World Championship season being run by Hexis Racing.

McLaren MP4-12C GT3 Technical Specifications

  • Chassis: Carbon fibre monocell with aluminium front and rear sub-frames
  • Bodywork: Lightweight carbon fibre body panels
  • Engine manufacturer: McLaren developed by Ricardo, in conjunction with Mercedes-Benz HPE
  • Engine designation: M838T
  • Engine configuration: V8 engine, 90° cylinder angle
  • Engine type: Twin-turbocharged, 32-valve
  • Valvetrain: DOHC, four valves per cylinder
  • Cubic capacity: 3,800 cc (3.8 L; 231.9 cu in)
  • Bore: 93 mm (4 in)
  • Stroke: 70 mm (3 in)
  • Compression ratio: 8.7:1
  • Turbocharger vendor: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, BorgWarner, Honeywell Garrett
  • RPM rev limit: 8500 rpm
  • ECU: McLaren Electronic Systems interfacing with Bosch ABS and Shiftec transmission control units
  • Fuel: Unleaded 100 RON/Ethanol E15
  • Fuel tank capacity: 26.4 imperial gallons (120 litres; 32 US gallons)
  • Fuel delivery: Fuel injection
  • Gearbox: Xtrac 6-speed sequential motorsport transmission pneumatically actuated via steering wheel mounted paddles
  • Clutch: 2-plate carbon-fibre clutch
  • Differential: Adjustable multi-plate limited-slip differential
  • Drivetrain: Rear-wheel drive
  • Drive shafts: Constant-velocity tripod slip-joint shafts
  • Exhaust: Remus
  • Spark plugs: Vendor chosen by each manufacturer
  • Ignition: McLaren CDI
  • Lubrication: Mobil 1, Gulf, Petronas, Motul dry sump
  • Length: 4,507 mm (177 in)
  • Width: 1,910 mm (75 in)
  • Height: 1,200 mm (47 in)
  • Wheelbase: 2,760 mm (109 in)
  • Track width: 1,900 mm (75 in)
  • Dry weight: 1,100 kg (2,425 lb) excluding driver, fuel and all lubricants
  • Total weight: 1,250 kg (2,756 lb) including driver, fuel and all lubricants
  • Power output: Detuned to 493 hp (368 kW; 500 PS) to comply with the Balance of Performance regulations
  • Steering: Electro-hydraulic power assisted steering
  • Brakes: AP Racing front-6 piston monoblock calliper, iron ventilated disc
  • Suspension: McLaren/Koni double wishbone adjustable for ride height camber and toe
  • Torque: Approx. 600 N⋅m (440 ft⋅lbf) @ 3000-7000 rpm
  • Wheels: APP Tech, forged aluminium MESL TPS system compatible
  • Front wheel: 8.5 x 19 inches
  • Rear wheel: 11 x 20 inches
  • Tyres: Michelin Pilot, Pirelli P Zero, Yokohama Advan radial slick dry and treaded rain tyres
  • Front tyre: 235/35 – 19
  • Rear tyre: 305/30 – 19
  • Steering wheel: McLaren's Lewis Hamilton developed MP4-24 steering wheel
  • Racing seats: Sparco
  • Safety equipment: Sabelt/Sparco/Takata 6-point seat belt, HANS device

Marketing

Tag Heuer produced a limited (1000 units) series of Carrera MP4-12C Chronograph wrist watch inspired by the MP4-12C car. The watch was unveiled in 2011 TAG Heuer Mastering Speed Exhibition at Halle Secheron in Geneva.[41][42][43]

References

  1. ^ a b c d "McLaren 12C Specifications". Retrieved 19 March 2014.
  2. ^ "McLaren 12C Specifications PDF" (PDF). Retrieved 19 March 2014.
  3. ^ "12C". McLaren. Retrieved 5 August 2013.
  4. ^ "McLaren MP-12C:First Batch of details and images surface". Autoblog.
  5. ^ Dobie, Stephen (4 April 2014). "McLaren 12C supercar discontinued". Evo. Retrieved 6 April 2014.
  6. ^ Ireson, Nelson (8 August 2008). "McLaren hires Frank Stephenson as new design director". Motor Authority. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
  7. ^ a b "McLaren MP4-12C First look". Edmunds.com. 13 October 2009.
  8. ^ a b "McLaren MP4-12C – Full Specs Announced [Video]". Worldcarfans.com. Retrieved 23 November 2011.
  9. ^ "Carbo Tech to produce carbon fibre monocoques for McLaren sports cars". Reinforced Plastics. 15 June 2010. Retrieved 23 November 2011.
  10. ^ a b "New Ricardo engine assembly facility commences pilot production". ricardo.com. Retrieved 19 February 2011.
  11. ^ a b "Car & Driver: 2012 McLaren MP4-12C Tech Trickledown". "2011-2-01". Retrieved "2011-3-27". {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= (help)
  12. ^ "The Official McLaren Automotive Website". 3 February 2010.
  13. ^ "McLaren MP4-12C – the first official P11 story". 8 September 2009.
  14. ^ Tisshaw, Mark (7 June 2012). "Upgraded McLaren MP4-12C gets 616bhp". Autocar. Retrieved 8 June 2012.
  15. ^ English, Andrew ("2011-02-14). "McLaren MP4-12C review". The Daily Telegraph. London. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  16. ^ "2012 McLaren 12C". mclaren.com. 18 March 2014. Retrieved 19 March 2014.
  17. ^ a b "2012 McLaren 12C Timeslip". dragtimes.com. 18 March 2014. Retrieved 19 March 2014. Cite error: The named reference "dragtimes.com" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  18. ^ Sherman, Don (1 February 2012). "2012 McLaren MP4-12C - First Drive Review". CarAndDriver.com. Retrieved 29 May 2012.
  19. ^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dg8Vn3Yso-U
  20. ^ "2011 McLaren MP4-12C Super Sports Car Hitting the US Market". arizonafoothillsmagazine.com. 6 May 2011. Retrieved 29 May 2012.
  21. ^ "McLaren opens new £50 million factory… – BBC Top Gear". Topgear.com. 18 November 2011. Retrieved 23 November 2011.
  22. ^ "Top Gear Power Laps". 10 July 2011. Retrieved 11 July 2011.
  23. ^ "TopGear Stig Power Laps". BBC. 20 October 2008. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  24. ^ "McLaren MP4-12C supercar group test". Car Magazine. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  25. ^ "Ferrari 458 beats McLaren MP4-12C". evo.co.uk. Retrieved 19 July 2011.
  26. ^ "MoterSport-McLaren MP4-12C : Nürburgring test".
  27. ^ "MCLAREN 12C NAMED MIDDLE EAST 'CAR OF THE YEAR'". The Car Addict.
  28. ^ "The McLaren 12C named Middle East 'Car of the Year'". zawya.
  29. ^ Comer, Colin (January 2013). "No Roof, No Change, No Problem". Road & Track. 64 (5): 44–49.
  30. ^ "McLarenAutomotive.com 12C Spider". McLaren Automotive. 3 July 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
  31. ^ "McLaren Confirms MP4-12C HS Edition Limited to Five". GTspirit. 8 January 2012. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
  32. ^ "All Five McLaren MP4-12C High Sport Editions in One Photo Shoot". Gtspirit.com. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
  33. ^ "McLaren MP4-12C HS". Flickr. 20 February 2012. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
  34. ^ http://www.autoblog.com/2012/11/18/mclaren-mp4-12c-can-am-edition-is-go-for-production/
  35. ^ "McLaren MP4-12C GT3 Announcement website". Mclarengt.com. Retrieved 19 February 2011.
  36. ^ Elizalde, Pablo (17 December 2010). "McLaren MP4-12C to race from 2012". autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 18 December 2010.
  37. ^ Phillip, Sam (20 April 2011). "McLaren MP4-12C GT3: a Top Gear exclusive". Retrieved 5 May 2011.
  38. ^ "Qualifying". 19 November 2011. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
  39. ^ "McLaren MP4-12C GT3 Top Gear Track Test Video And Racing Debut - Autos & Trends". Ibtimes.com. 29 March 2012. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
  40. ^ "evo: McLaren MP4-12C GT3 racing car: new pictures and video". Retrieved 5 May 2011.
  41. ^ Tag Heuer Carrera MP4-12C Chronograph
  42. ^ TAG Heuer MP4-12C Watch
  43. ^ TAG Heuer makes a watch worthy of the McLaren MP4-12C

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to McLaren MP4-12C.

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