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Heptane

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Heptane
Heptane
General
Molecular formula C7H16
SMILES CCCCCCC
Molar mass 100.21 g/mol
Appearance colorless liquid
CAS number [142-82-5]
Properties
Density and phase 0.684 g/ml, liquid
Solubility in water Immiscible
Melting point −90.61 °C (182.55 K)
Boiling point 98.42 °C (371.58 K)
Viscosity 0.386 cP at 25 °C
Hazards
MSDS External MSDS
EU classification Flammable (F)
Harmful (Xn)
Dangerous for
the environment (N)
NFPA 704
NFPA 704
safety square
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability (yellow): no hazard codeSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
3
R-phrases Template:R11, Template:R38, Template:R50/53,
Template:R65, Template:R67
S-phrases Template:S2, Template:S9, Template:S16, Template:S29, Template:S33,
Template:S60, Template:S61, Template:S62
Flash point −4 °C
Autoignition temperature 285 °C
Explosive limits 1.1–6.7%
RTECS number MI7700000
Supplementary data page
Structure and
properties 		n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic
data 		Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Related alkanes Hexane
Octane
Related compounds Methylcyclohexane
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox disclaimer and references

Heptane (also known as dipropyl methane, gettysolve-C or heptyl hydride) is an alkane with the chemical formula H3C(CH2)5CH3. Heptane has nine isomers:

The straight-chain isomer n-heptane is the zero point of the octane rating scale. It is undesirable in petrol, as it burns explosively, causing engine knocking, as opposed to branched-chain octane isomers, which burn more slowly and give better performance. Its choice for the zero point of the scale was due to the availability of very high purity n-heptane, unmixed with other isomers of heptane or other alkanes, distilled from the resin of Jeffrey pine. Other sources of heptane and octane, produced from crude oil, contain a mixture of different isomers with greatly differing ratings, so do not give a precise zero point.

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