Jackson Glacier: Difference between revisions

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{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2013}}
{{Infobox glacier
{{Infobox glacier
| name = Jackson Glacier
| name = Jackson Glacier
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| photo_caption = Terminus of Jackson Glacier
| photo_caption = Terminus of Jackson Glacier
| type = Mountain glacier
| type = Mountain glacier
| location = [[Glacier National Park (U.S.)|Glacier National Park]], [[Glacier County, Montana]], [[United States|USA]]
| location = [[Glacier National Park (U.S.)|Glacier National Park]], [[Glacier County, Montana]], USA
| map = USA Montana
| map = USA Montana
| region = US-MT
| region = US-MT
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| lat_d= 48 | lat_m= 35 | lat_s =55 |lat_NS =N
| lat_d= 48 | lat_m= 35 | lat_s =55 |lat_NS =N
| long_d=113 | long_m=42 | long_s=04 |long_EW=W
| long_d=113 | long_m=42 | long_s=04 |long_EW=W
| coordinates_ref = <ref name=gnis>{{cite gnis|id=772778|name=Jackson Glacier|accessdate=2012-8-12}}</ref>
| coordinates_ref =<ref name=gnis>{{cite gnis|id=772778|name=Jackson Glacier|accessdate=2012-08-12}}</ref>
| area = {{convert|250|acre|km2}} in 2005<ref name=NOROCK>{{Cite web|title=Retreat of Glaciers in Glacier National Park|publisher=United States Geological Survey|year=2010|url=http://www.nrmsc.usgs.gov/files/norock/products/GlacierRecession_infosheet2010_SRC_040910.pdf|format=pdf|accessdate=2011-11-04}}</ref>
| area = {{convert|250|acre|km2}} in 2005<ref name=NOROCK>{{Cite web|title=Retreat of Glaciers in Glacier National Park|publisher=United States Geological Survey|year=2010|url=http://www.nrmsc.usgs.gov/files/norock/products/GlacierRecession_infosheet2010_SRC_040910.pdf|format=pdf|accessdate=2011-11-04}}</ref>
| length = {{convert|0.7|mi|km}}
| length = {{convert|0.7|mi|km}}
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| status = Retreating
| status = Retreating
}}
}}
'''Jackson Glacier''' is approximately the seventh largest of the remaining 25 glaciers in [[Glacier National Park (U.S.)|Glacier National Park]] located in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Montana]].<ref name=NOROCK/> A part of the largest grouping of glaciers in the park, Jackson Glacier rests on the north side of [[Mount Jackson (Montana)|Mount Jackson]].<ref>{{cite map|publisher = Topoquest (USGS Quads)|title = Mount Jackson, MT|url = http://www.topoquest.com/map.php?lat=48.59802&lon=-113.70375&datum=nad83&zoom=8&map=auto&coord=d&mode=zoomout&size=m|accessdate =2011-11-04}}</ref> The glacier was most recently measured in 2005 at {{convert|250|acre|km2}}, yet when first documented in 1850, the glacier also included the now separate [[Blackfoot Glacier]] and together, they covered {{convert|1875|acre|km2}}. Between 1966 and 2005, Jackson Glacier lost almost a third of its acreage.<ref name=NOROCK/> When the two glaciers were united prior to their separation sometime before 1929, they were known simply as Blackfoot Glacier. [[Image:Jackson and Blackfoot Glaciers 1914 to 2001.jpg|thumb|left|The upper image shows how Blackfoot (on the left) and Jackson Glaciers (on the right) appeared in 1914. The lower image is taken from the same vantage point in 2001.]] In 1850, there were an estimated 150 glaciers in the park. Glaciologists have stated that by the year 2030, many if not all of the glaciers in the park may disappear completely.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Myrna|first=H.|coauthors=P. Hall, Daniel B. Fagre|title=Modeled Climate-Induced Glacier Change in Glacier National Park, 1850-2100|journal=BioScience|volume=52|issue=2|pages=131–140|month=February|year=2003|url=http://www.nrmsc.usgs.gov/files/norock/products/GCC/Bioscience_Hall_03.pdf| format=pdf|accessdate=2011-11-04}}</ref> Jackson and Blackfoot glaciers have been selected for monitoring by the [[U.S. Geological Survey]]'s Glacier Monitoring Research program, which is researching changes to the [[Glacier mass balance|mass balance]] of glaciers in and surrounding Glacier National Park. The glacier is being monitored using remote sensing equipment and [[repeat photography]], where images of the glacier are taken from identical locations periodically.<ref>{{cite web|title=Monitoring and Assessing Glacier Changes and Their Associated Hydrologic and Ecologic Effects in Glacier National Park|url=http://www.nrmsc.usgs.gov/research/Secondary_Network.htm|publisher=U.S. Geological Survey|accessdate=2011-11-04}}</ref> Jackson Glacier is one of the easiest of the park's glaciers to observe, and is located south of the [[Going-to-the-Sun Road]] on the east side of the [[Continental Divide]], upper St. Mary Valley.
'''Jackson Glacier''' is approximately the seventh largest of the remaining 25 glaciers in [[Glacier National Park (U.S.)|Glacier National Park]] located in the US state of [[Montana]].<ref name=NOROCK/> A part of the largest grouping of glaciers in the park, Jackson Glacier rests on the north side of [[Mount Jackson (Montana)|Mount Jackson]].<ref>{{cite map|publisher = Topoquest (USGS Quads)|title = Mount Jackson, MT|url = http://www.topoquest.com/map.php?lat=48.59802&lon=-113.70375&datum=nad83&zoom=8&map=auto&coord=d&mode=zoomout&size=m|accessdate =2011-11-04}}</ref> The glacier was most recently measured in 2005 at {{convert|250|acre|km2}}, yet when first documented in 1850, the glacier also included the now separate [[Blackfoot Glacier]] and together, they covered {{convert|1875|acre|km2}}. Between 1966 and 2005, Jackson Glacier lost almost a third of its acreage.<ref name=NOROCK/> When the two glaciers were united prior to their separation sometime before 1929, they were known simply as Blackfoot Glacier. [[Image:Jackson and Blackfoot Glaciers 1914 to 2001.jpg|thumb|left|The upper image shows how Blackfoot (on the left) and Jackson Glaciers (on the right) appeared in 1914. The lower image is taken from the same vantage point in 2001.]] In 1850, there were an estimated 150 glaciers in the park. Glaciologists have stated that by the year 2030, many if not all of the glaciers in the park may disappear completely.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Myrna|first=H.|coauthors=P. Hall, Daniel B. Fagre|title=Modeled Climate-Induced Glacier Change in Glacier National Park, 1850–2100|journal=BioScience|volume=52|issue=2|pages=131–140|month=February|year=2003|url=http://www.nrmsc.usgs.gov/files/norock/products/GCC/Bioscience_Hall_03.pdf| format=pdf|accessdate=2011-11-04}}</ref> Jackson and Blackfoot glaciers have been selected for monitoring by the [[U.S. Geological Survey]]'s Glacier Monitoring Research program, which is researching changes to the [[Glacier mass balance|mass balance]] of glaciers in and surrounding Glacier National Park. The glacier is being monitored using remote sensing equipment and [[repeat photography]], where images of the glacier are taken from identical locations periodically.<ref>{{cite web|title=Monitoring and Assessing Glacier Changes and Their Associated Hydrologic and Ecologic Effects in Glacier National Park|url=http://www.nrmsc.usgs.gov/research/Secondary_Network.htm|publisher=U.S. Geological Survey|accessdate=2011-11-04}}</ref> Jackson Glacier is one of the easiest of the park's glaciers to observe, and is located south of the [[Going-to-the-Sun Road]] on the east side of the [[Continental Divide]], upper St. Mary Valley.


[[Image:Blackfoot and Jackson Glaciers.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Jackson Glacier at right was once joined to Blackfoot Glacier on the left]]
[[Image:Blackfoot and Jackson Glaciers.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Jackson Glacier at right was once joined to Blackfoot Glacier on the left]]

Revision as of 09:59, 7 February 2013

Jackson Glacier
Terminus of Jackson Glacier
Map showing the location of Jackson Glacier
Map showing the location of Jackson Glacier
Jackson Glacier
TypeMountain glacier
LocationGlacier National Park, Glacier County, Montana, USA
Area250 acres (1.0 km2) in 2005[1]
Length0.7 miles (1.1 km)
TerminusBare rock
StatusRetreating

Jackson Glacier is approximately the seventh largest of the remaining 25 glaciers in Glacier National Park located in the US state of Montana.[1] A part of the largest grouping of glaciers in the park, Jackson Glacier rests on the north side of Mount Jackson.[3] The glacier was most recently measured in 2005 at 250 acres (1.0 km2), yet when first documented in 1850, the glacier also included the now separate Blackfoot Glacier and together, they covered 1,875 acres (7.59 km2). Between 1966 and 2005, Jackson Glacier lost almost a third of its acreage.[1] When the two glaciers were united prior to their separation sometime before 1929, they were known simply as Blackfoot Glacier.

The upper image shows how Blackfoot (on the left) and Jackson Glaciers (on the right) appeared in 1914. The lower image is taken from the same vantage point in 2001.

In 1850, there were an estimated 150 glaciers in the park. Glaciologists have stated that by the year 2030, many if not all of the glaciers in the park may disappear completely.[4] Jackson and Blackfoot glaciers have been selected for monitoring by the U.S. Geological Survey's Glacier Monitoring Research program, which is researching changes to the mass balance of glaciers in and surrounding Glacier National Park. The glacier is being monitored using remote sensing equipment and repeat photography, where images of the glacier are taken from identical locations periodically.[5] Jackson Glacier is one of the easiest of the park's glaciers to observe, and is located south of the Going-to-the-Sun Road on the east side of the Continental Divide, upper St. Mary Valley.

Jackson Glacier at right was once joined to Blackfoot Glacier on the left

See also


References

  1. ^ a b c "Retreat of Glaciers in Glacier National Park" (pdf). United States Geological Survey. 2010. Retrieved November 4, 2011.
  2. ^ "Jackson Glacier". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
  3. ^ Mount Jackson, MT (Map). Topoquest (USGS Quads). Retrieved November 4, 2011.
  4. ^ Myrna, H. (2003). "Modeled Climate-Induced Glacier Change in Glacier National Park, 1850–2100" (pdf). BioScience. 52 (2): 131–140. Retrieved November 4, 2011. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ^ "Monitoring and Assessing Glacier Changes and Their Associated Hydrologic and Ecologic Effects in Glacier National Park". U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved November 4, 2011.


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