4-4-2+2-4-4

A 4-4-2+2-4-4, in the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, is a Garratt articulated locomotive. The wheel arrangement is effectively two 4-4-2 locomotives operating back to back, with each power unit having four leading wheels on two axles in a leading truck, four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and two trailing wheels on one axle in a trailing truck. Since the 4-4-2 type is usually known as an Atlantic, the corresponding Garratt type is often referred to as a Double Atlantic.

Other equivalent classifications are:

• UIC classification: 2B1+1B2 (also known as German and Italian classifications)
• French classification: 221+122
• Turkish classification: 25+25
• Swiss classification: 2/5+2/5 up to the early 1920s, later 4/10

Overview

This was not a common Garratt wheel arrangement. Only ten were built by Beyer, Peacock and Company, owner of the Garratt patent, and none by any other builder.

4-4-2+2-4-4 Garratt production list – All manufacturers

Gauge	Railway	Class	Works no.	Units	Year	Builder
3 ft 6 in	Tasmanian Government Railways	M	5523–5524	2	1912	Beyer, Peacock
4 ft 8+1⁄2 in	Entre Rios Railway (FCER), Argentina		6360–6364	5	1927	Beyer, Peacock
4 ft 8+1⁄2 in	Argentine North Eastern (FCNAR)		6645–6647	3	1930	Beyer, Peacock

Usage

Argentina

Most of them were built for Argentina to run on 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge. Five of these were for the Entre Ríos Railway (Ferrocarril Entre Ríos, FCER) in 1927 and three more for the Argentine North Eastern Railway (Ferrocarril Nordeste Argentino, FCNAR) in 1930. After nationalization in 1948 all of them eventually ended up on the Ferrocarril General Urquiza.

Australia

The first Garratt locomotives to be built to the 4-4-2+2-4-4 wheel arrangement were a pair of M class passenger locomotives for the Tasmanian Government Railways in Australia in 1912. These were built to 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge and were the only eight-cylinder Garratt locomotives in the world.