Apocynoideae

Apocynoideae
	Apocynum venetum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Gentianales
Family:	Apocynaceae
Subfamily:	Apocynoideae; Burnett
Tribes
	Apocyneae; Echiteae; Baisseeae; Malouetieae; Mesechiteae; Wrightieae

Apocynoideae is a subfamily of the flowering plant family Apocynaceae (order Gentianales). It contains about 78 genera with roughly 860 species. Several genera are of pharmacological interest - notably those - such as Strophanthus - which have furnished highly effective arrow poisons, due to their cardiac glycoside content.^[3] The subfamily includes many species with flowers of considerable ornamental value, the best-known of which is Nerium oleander, the familiar Oleander. It also contains the remarkable pachycaul genera Adenium and Pachypodium .

Genera

Tribe Apocyneae (24 genera)

Beaumontia Wall. (5 species)
Parepigynum Tsiang & P.T.Li
Vallaris Burm.f.
Anodendron A.DC.
Ixodonerium Pit.
Papuechites Markgr.
Amphineurion (A.DC.) Pichon
Sindechites Oliv.
Streptoechites D.J. Middleton & Livsh.
Apocynum L.
Cleghornia Wight
Aganonerion Pierre ex Spire
Parameria Benth.
Urceola Roxb.
Chonemorpha G.Don
Trachelospermum Lem.
Vallariopsis Woodson
Aganosma (Blume) G.Don
Amalocalyx Pierre
Baharuia D.J.Middleton
Epigynum Wight
Ichnocarpus R.Br.
Micrechites Miq.
Pottsia Hook. & Arn.^[4]

Tribe Baisseeae (4 genera)

Baissea A.DC. (18 species)
Dewevrella De Wild.
Motandra A.DC.
Oncinotis Benth. (7 species)

Tribe Echiteae (23 genera)

Angadenia Miers
Pentalinon Voigt
Salpinctes Woodson
Asketanthera Woodson
Macropharynx Rusby
Peltastes Woodson
Temnadenia Miers
Bahiella J.F.Morales
Echites P.Browne
Fernaldia Woodson
Hylaea J.F.Morales
Laubertia A.DC.
Prestonia R.Br.
Rhodocalyx Müll.Arg. in Mart.

Artia Guillaumin
Ecua D.J.Middleton

Parsonsia R.Br. (120 species; could belong to Periplocoideae)
Thenardia Kunth
Thoreauea J.K.Williams^[5]

Tribe Malouetieae (13 genera)

Allowoodsonia Markgr.
Carruthersia Seem.
Eucorymbia Stapf
Funtumia Stapf
Galactophora Woodson
Holarrhena R.Br. (4 species)
Kibatalia G.Don
Malouetia A.DC.
Malouetiella Pichon
Mascarenhasia A.DC.
Neobracea Britton
Pachypodium Lindl. (18 to 25 species)
Spirolobium Baill.^[6]

Tribe Mesechiteae (50 genera)

Allomarkgrafia Woodson
Forsteronia G.Mey. (50 species)
Mandevilla Lindl. (115 species)
Mesechites Müll.Arg.
Tintinnabularia Woodson^[7]

Tribe Nerieae (6 genera)

Adenium Roem. & Schult.
Alafia Thouars
Farquharia Stapf
Isonema R.Br.
Nerium L. (1 species)
Strophanthus DC. (38 species)

Tribe Odontadenieae (7 genera)

Cycladenia Benth.
Elytropus Müll.Arg.
Odontadenia Benth.
Pinochia B.F.Hansen & M.E.Endress
Secondatia A.DC.
Stipecoma Müll.Arg.
Thyrsanthella (Baill.) Pichon

Tribe Rhabdadenieae (1 genus)

Rhabdadenia Müll.Arg.

Tribe Wrightieae (3 genera)

Pleioceras Baill.
Stephanostema K.Schum.
Wrightia R.Br. (23 species)^[8]

Gallery

Adenium obesum
Aganonerion polymorphum
Aganosma cymosa
Alafia caudata subsp. latiloba
Amphineurion marginatum
Beaumontia grandiflora
Chonemorpha fragrans side view of flowers
Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii
Echites umbellatus
Elytropus chilensis
Fernaldia pandurata (harvested, edible, hairy flowers)
Funtumia elastica, former rubber source
Holarrhena pubescens
Holarrhena pubescens (detail)
Ichnocarpus frutescens
Kibatalia blancoi
Mandevilla sanderi
Mascarenhasia arborescens, former rubber source
Mesechites trifida
Odontadenia macrantha
Pachypodium lamerei, a pachycaul species
Pachypodium lamerei, close-up
Parsonsia diaphanophleba
Parsonsia diaphanophleba, single flower
Parsonsia straminea
Prestonia coalita
Rhabdadenia madida
Stephanostema stenocarpa (flowers v. small relative to foliage)
Strophanthus speciosus
Temnadenia odorifera
Thyrsanthella difformis
Urceola elastica
Vallaris glabra
Wrightia tinctoria

References

^ Reveal, J.L. (2012). "Newly required infrafamilial names mandated by changes in the Code of Nomenclature For Algae, Fungi, and Plants". Phytoneuron. 33: 1–32. ISSN 2153-733X.
^ "Family: Apocynaceae Juss., nom. cons. subfam. Apocynoideae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-04-12. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Strophanthus" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 1041–1042.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Apocyneae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Echiteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Malouetieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Mesechiteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Wrightieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.

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[Reveal2012-1] Reveal, J.L. (2012). "Newly required infrafamilial names mandated by changes in the Code of Nomenclature For Algae, Fungi, and Plants". Phytoneuron. 33: 1–32. ISSN 2153-733X.

[GRIN-2] "Family: Apocynaceae Juss., nom. cons. subfam. Apocynoideae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-04-12. Retrieved 2010-11-26.

[EB1911-3] Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Strophanthus" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 1041–1042.

[4] "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Apocyneae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.

[5] "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Echiteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.

[6] "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Malouetieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.

[7] "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Mesechiteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.

[8] "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Wrightieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.

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