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This article is about the civic technology platform Brigade Media. For the article concerning a type of military unit, see Brigade.
Brigade Media
Type of businessPrivate company
Type of site
Civic Technology Platform
FoundedApril 4, 2014; 10 years ago (2014-04-04)[1][2]
Headquarters
San Francisco
,
United States of America[3]
Area servedUnited States (2014–2019)
Founder(s)
  • James Windon (President)
  • Matt Mahan (CEO)
  • Jason Putorti (Design)
  • John Thrall (Engineering)
  • Miche Capone (Product)
[1]
Key peopleSean Parker (Chairman)
IndustryCivic Technology
SubsidiariesVotizen[4]
Causes[5]
Voter[6]
URLhttps://brigade.com
Current statusOffline

Brigade Media, also known as Brigade, was a civic technology platform that was formed on June 4, 2014, and founded by James Windon, Jason Putorti, John Thrall, Matt Mahan, and Miche Capone. The platform is intended to serve as a way for users to connect with others who share the same or similar views and voice their opinions, create debates, or organize petitions. This process is intended to make the users' concerns more visible to and influential towards United States policymakers. In early 2019 the engineering team at Brigade was acqui-hired by Pinterest.[7] The remaining company assets and IP, including the Causes assets were purchased by govtech app Countable.[8]

Leadership

James Windon is the President of the Brigade platform. He previously acted as a vice-president of Causes and earlier worked with the World Trade Organization in Switzerland. Matt Mahan is the CEO of Brigade and previously served as the CEO of Causes. John Thrall works in Engineering, Jason Putorti works in Design, and Miche Capone specializes in Production. Sean Parker is the Chairman of the startup. He sits on the board of Spotify and was the founding president of Facebook.[9][10]

History

2014 – 2016: Private Beta

On June 4, 2014, Brigade Beta became available to download on iOS or Google Play, in its private beta version.[1] In this beginning stage, the app asked users to agree or disagree on a position.[11] Brigade then split up its users into those who agreed on the issue and those who disagreed on the issue. Participants were also allowed to write their own opinions on positions and ask those in their respective group if they were "for" or "against" the opinion stated.[11]

2016 – 2018: Open Beta

Voter guide

A few weeks before the November 2016 elections, Brigade created a ballot guide for its users.[12] It ran these voter guides in San Francisco and Manchester, New Hampshire.[13] As the user entered the application, he or she was prompted with questions regarding government and social issues. One could agree, disagree, or click unsure as their answer choices.[14] After completing the questionnaire, the guide gave recommendations on whom to vote for and which propositions to pass or not pass.[14] Furthermore, the app also determined these choices based on those a user socializes with on Brigade.[12] Brigade users could then pledge their votes to the candidates and propositions listed on the ballot. With these pledges, the app could track which candidates had more pledged votes in real time.[13] Users were further able to recruit pledges from other users for their favorite candidates or propositions.[13]

Voter verification

Brigade implemented a voter verification service as well.[15] With voter verification, a user can determine how similar or different a political representative's viewpoints are from their own.[15] This data was received from Google's Civic API with geographic information on 520,000 American elected officials.[15]

Acquisitions

Brigade Media has acquired Causes, Votizen, and Voter.[4][6][16] At the time of its acquisition, Causes was the largest online platform where candidates could campaign.[4] At the time of its acquisition, Votizen functioned as a tool for voters to learn more about their leaders.[4] At the time of its acquisition, Voter aimed to put voters and politicians together via shared viewpoints.[6] These three companies helped Brigade gain social media presence and find intelligent workers in the field.[17]

Background

As technology has advanced, it was assumed that the average individual would have further access to voting, and therefore, voting numbers would increase. Instead, voter turnout at the elections remains low, with numbers at the presidential elections between 50% and 60% of the US population in the last 50 years.[18] At the midterm election of 2014, only 36.4% of people voted, the lowest percentage since 1942.[19] It is hoped that civic technology will incentivize and educate its users to vote. Brigade's voter ballot was an attempt as a Civic technology platform to increase voter participation as well as educate its users about candidates and propositions.[14][20]

Mission

One mission of Brigade Media is to act as a foreground for its users to connect and organize so that they can voice their opinions on our nation's issues.[21] Another more general goal is to increase voter participation.[22]

Functionality

Brigade interacts with American voters by linking its users to the same held concerns.[23] The opinions of elected officials on those concerns will be provided and metrics about the candidate most similar in concerns and degree of concern will be available.[24] This data should be useful for both candidates and voters, in that voters can voice their grievances and candidates must respond accordingly.

Funding

In 2014, Brigade Media received about $9.5 million in seed money from Sean Parker, Marc Benioff, and Ron Conway.[25][26][27] Sean Parker is rumored to have spent an additional $45.5 million[28] through 2019 to keep the company operating.

Shutdown

The founders began departing the company in August 2015 with Jason Putorti,[29] then Michael Capone in April 2016,[30] and James Windon in March 2017.[31] Following the 2018 midterms, Brigade's assets were acquired by Countable (app)[32] and the employees were acqui-hired by Pinterest.[33] The app no longer exists on the App Store (iOS) and the web site is listed as for sale.[34]

Criticism and controversy

Criticism

Barbara Simons, a computer scientist from IBM, asserts that all current forms of digital voting devices are hackable, and that the best unhackable option is paper.[35] Furthermore, a Canadian study revealed that online voting platforms may not improve voter participation.[36] The study found that those who did not already vote on paper ballots did not vote with digital devices.[36] Instead, non-paper voting forms are simply more convenient for those who would have already decided to vote.[36] With this data brought to light, the Independent Panel On Internet Voting did not recommend internet voting to the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia in 2012.[37]

Controversy

Brigade's Executive chairman, Sean Parker, was the president of Facebook in mid-2004.[38] Recently, Facebook sold information on over 50 million Facebook users to Cambridge Analytica.[39] Sean Parker's previous relationship with Facebook could provide controversy in his work with Brigade Media and his other projects.

At the company's formation, Brigade Media also faced a racial controversy. When Brigade was only a few weeks old, the entire Leadership division of the start-up was white males.[9] The company addressed the issues by filling in 12 additional positions and noting that women were also present in the organization.[9]

Results

When the ballot guide was introduced, about 67% of its users were millennials.[40] This is an accomplishment because millennial participation in the 2014 midterm elections had declined.[40] At the time of the ballot guide, the start-up had 100,000 pledged candidates and 400,000 friends of candidates also pledged.[41]

The platforms data also saw Donald Trump winning swing states before the polls in the 2016 United States presidential election.[42] At this time, Brigade had 200,000 verified users. Within the vote pledges, 94.5% of Republicans pledged to vote for Republican nominee Trump, with 2.2% pledging with Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton.[42] However, on the Democratic pledge side, only 55% pledged for Clinton while 40% of Democrats pledged for Trump.[42]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Brigade | Crunchbase". Crunchbase. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
  2. ^ "Sean Parker's Brigade App Enters Private Beta As A Dead-Simple Way Of Taking Political Positions – TechCrunch". TechCrunch. Retrieved March 6, 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
  3. ^ "Follow Brigade on Index.co". Index.co. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  4. ^ a b c d Schmidt, Will. "Brigade Media Acquires Causes and Votizens, Adds Tons of Executives". Tech.co. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
  5. ^ Nicks, Denver. "Sean Parker's Brigade Media Eats Causes.Org". Time. Retrieved April 1, 2018.
  6. ^ a b c Yeung, Ken. "Brigade acquires politics matchmaking service Voter, plans to shutter service later this year". venturebeat.com. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  7. ^ Constine, Josh. "Sean Parker's govtech Brigade breaks up, Pinterest acqhires engineers".
  8. ^ Constine, Josh. "Sean Parker's Brigade/Causes acquired by govtech app Countable".
  9. ^ a b c Sifry, Micah. "Charge of the Light Brigade: Is Sean Parker's Civic Startup Too Male and White?". techpresident.com. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
  10. ^ Delargy, Christine. "Meet Brigade President James Windon". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 10, 2014.
  11. ^ a b Wright, Mic. "Sean Parker's new political app Brigade has launched in private beta". thenextweb.com. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
  12. ^ a b "Brigade launches first of its kind social ballot guide for U.S. voters". brigade.news. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  13. ^ a b c Cutler, Kim-Mai. "Brigade, The Political Engagement Platform Backed By Sean Parker, Launches A Voter Guide For Nov. Elections". TechCrunch. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  14. ^ a b c Hockenson, Lauren. "Brigade tries to provide a simple solution to elections, but is it too simple?". thenextweb.com. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  15. ^ a b c Cutler, Kim-Mai. "With voter verification, Brigade becomes a more legitimate platform for political debate". TechCrunch. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  16. ^ Wilhelm, Alex. "Brigade Media Acquires Causes In Its Quest To Revitalize American Democracy". TechCrunch. Retrieved March 6, 2018.
  17. ^ "Brigade Welcomes Voter Founder & CEO". brigade.news. Retrieved March 6, 2018.
  18. ^ Peters, Gerhard and Woolley, John T. "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections: 1828 – 2012". presidency.ucsb.edu. Retrieved April 16, 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  19. ^ Alter, Charlotte. "Voter Turnout in Midterm Elections Hits 72-Year Low". Time. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  20. ^ Mahan Matt. "The tools we build in Silicon Valley represent the best hope for fixing our democracy". recode.net. Retrieved April 17, 2018.
  21. ^ "Brigade Media". parker.org. Archived from the original on April 21, 2018. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  22. ^ Guynn, Jessica. "Sean Parker forms Brigade Media to charge politics". USA Today. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  23. ^ "Brigade-Make Change Into Action". brigade.com. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  24. ^ Howard, Alexander. "Brigade Seeks To Reboot Political Engagement In America With Civic Social Media". HuffPost. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  25. ^ "INNOVATE2016: A New Brigade Launches For Civic Engagement". TechCrunch. Retrieved April 16, 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
  26. ^ Mangalindan, JP. "Introducing Brigade Beta, Sean Parker's civic-focused social network". mashable.com. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  27. ^ Wilhelm, Alex. "Brigade Media Raises $9.3M From Sean Parker To Shake Up American Democracy". TechCrunch. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  28. ^ https://twitter.com/juliarosen/status/1095078180191227905. Retrieved June 25, 2020 – via Twitter. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)[non-primary source needed]
  29. ^ "Jason Putorti". Retrieved June 25, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  30. ^ "Michael Capone". Retrieved June 25, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  31. ^ Windon, James (LinkedIn). "James Windon". Retrieved June 25, 2020. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  32. ^ "Sean Parker's Brigade/Causes acquired by govtech app Countable". TechCrunch. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
  33. ^ "Sean Parker's Brigade breaks up, Pinterest hires engineers". TechCrunch. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
  34. ^ "Brigade is For Sale". brigade.com. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
  35. ^ "The Computer Scientist Who Prefers Paper". The Atlantic. Retrieved April 17, 2014.
  36. ^ a b c Archer, Keith. "Is Now the Time for Internet Voting?:BC's Independent Panel on Internet Voting" (PDF). revparl.ca. Retrieved April 17, 2014.
  37. ^ "Independent Election Task Force Report: 2017 Jun 28" (PDF). council.vancouver.ca. Retrieved April 17, 2014.
  38. ^ Rosen, Ellen. "Students' Start-up Draws Attention and $13 Million". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2018.
  39. ^ Rosenberg, Matthew, Confessore, Nicholas, and Cadwalldr, Carole. "How Trump Consultants Exploited the Facebook Data of Millions". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  40. ^ a b Chmielewski, Dawn. "Election Results Are In on Sean Parker's Brigade App: Millennial Voters Used It". recode.net. Retrieved April 19, 2018.
  41. ^ "Brigade Launches First of Its Kind Social Ballot Guide for U.S. Voters". brigade.news. Retrieved April 19, 2018.
  42. ^ a b c Shahani, Aarti. "An App Called Brigade Saw Trump Winning Swing States When Polls Didn't". NPR. Retrieved April 17, 2014.
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