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Atypical antidepressant

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An atypical antidepressant is any antidepressant medication that acts in a manner that is different from that of most other antidepressants. Atypical antidepressants include agomelatine, bupropion, mianserin, mirtazapine, nefazodone, opipramol, tianeptine, and trazodone.[1][2][3] The agents vilazodone and vortioxetine are partly atypical. Typical antidepressants include the SSRIsTooltip selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SNRIsTooltip serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, TCAsTooltip tricyclic antidepressants, and MAOIsTooltip monoamine oxidase inhibitors, which act mainly by increasing the levels of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin and/or norepinephrine.[1][2][3] Among TCAs, trimipramine is an atypical agent in that it appears not to do this.[3] In August 2020, Esketamine (JNJ-54135419) was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment for treatment-resistant depression with the added indication for the short-term treatment of suicidal thoughts.[4]

Buprenorphine/Samidorphan (ALKS-5461) is an antidepressant with a novel mechanism of action which is under development and is considered an atypical antidepressant.[5] They act faster than available antidepressants.[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Feighner JP (1999). "Mechanism of action of antidepressant medications". J Clin Psychiatry. 60 Suppl 4: 4–11, discussion 12–3. PMID 10086478.
  2. ^ a b Stahl SM (1998). "Basic psychopharmacology of antidepressants, part 1: Antidepressants have seven distinct mechanisms of action". J Clin Psychiatry. 59 Suppl 4: 5–14. PMID 9554316.
  3. ^ a b c Frazer A (1997). "Pharmacology of antidepressants". J Clin Psychopharmacol. 17 Suppl 1: 2S–18S. doi:10.1097/00004714-199704001-00002. PMID 9090573.
  4. ^ "FDA Approves A Nasal Spray To Treat Patients Who Are Suicidal". NPR.org. 4 August 2020. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  5. ^ a b Garay RP, Zarate CA, Charpeaud T, Citrome L, Correll CU, Hameg A, Llorca PM (2017). "Investigational drugs in recent clinical trials for treatment-resistant depression". Expert Rev Neurother. 17 (6): 593–609. doi:10.1080/14737175.2017.1283217. PMC 5418088. PMID 28092469.


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