List of volcanoes in Australia

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This is a list of active, dormant and extinct volcanoes in Australia and its island territories. Note that the term volcano is used loosely as it can include groups of related volcanoes and vents that erupted at similar times with lava of related origin. The lists provided below are mainly volcanoes of Cenozoic aged, with some notable older (Mesozoic and Paleozoic aged), volcanoes included. There are no volcanoes on the Australian mainland that have erupted since European settlement, but some volcanoes in Victoria, South Australia and North Queensland could have been witnessed by Aboriginal people several thousand years ago. There are active volcanoes in the Heard and McDonald Islands.

Australian states

Queensland

Name	Elevation		Location	Last eruption
Name	metres	feet	Coordinates	Last eruption
Atherton Volcano	—	—	17°30′S 144°30′E / 17.5°S 144.5°E / -17.5; 144.5 (Atherton Volcano)	Less than 100,000 years ago^[1]
Lake Barrine	730	—	17°12′S 145°24′E / 17.2°S 145.4°E / -17.2; 145.4 (Lake Barrine)	>17,000 years ago^[1]
Mount Quincan	703	2,306	17°18′11″S 145°34′39″E / 17.30306°S 145.57750°E / -17.30306; 145.57750 (Mount Quincan)	10,000 years ago
Bauhinia Volcano	—	—	24°48′S 149°30′E / 24.8°S 149.5°E / -24.8; 149.5 (Bauhinia Volcano)	23–25 million years ago
Brisbane Volcano	—	—	27°42′S 152°36′E / 27.7°S 152.6°E / -27.7; 152.6 (Brisbane Volcano)	16–62 million years ago
Buckland	—	—	—	—
Bundaberg Volcano	—	—	—	—
Bunya Mountains	—	—	26°54′S 151°48′E / 26.9°S 151.8°E / -26.9; 151.8 (Bunya Mountains)	23 million years ago
Chudleigh Volcano	—	—	10°30′S 144°12′E / 10.5°S 144.2°E / -10.5; 144.2 (Chudleigh Volcano)	250,000 years ago
Lake Eacham	—	—	17°12′S 145°36′E / 17.2°S 145.6°E / -17.2; 145.6 (Lake Eacham)	>9,000 years ago^[1]
Malanda Volcano	1200	—	17°30′S 145°30′E / 17.5°S 145.5°E / -17.5; 145.5 (Malanda Volcano)	3 million years ago
Mount Fox	—	—	18°30′S 145°28′E / 18.50°S 145.47°E / -18.50; 145.47 (Mount Fox)	—
Mount Hay	—	—	—	—
Fraser Volcano			25°00′S 153°21′E / 25.0°S 153.35°E / -25.0; 153.35 (Hillsborough Volcano)	31 million years ago^[2]
Hillsborough Volcano	—	—	21°00′S 149°00′E / 21.0°S 149.0°E / -21.0; 149.0 (Hillsborough Volcano)	33.2 million years ago
Sloping Hummock	90	—	24°50′33″S 152°25′35″E / 24.84250°S 152.42639°E / -24.84250; 152.42639 (Sloping Hummock)	—
The Crater (Mount Hypipamee)	1,000	—	17°12′S 145°12′E / 17.2°S 145.2°E / -17.2; 145.2 (Mount Hypipamee Crater)	—
The Crater (Bombarri Mountain)	1,000	—	19°36′S 144°18′E / 19.6°S 144.3°E / -19.6; 144.3 (Bombarri Mountain Crater)	—
Kinrara Volcano	—	—	18°18′S 144°36′E / 18.3°S 144.6°E / -18.3; 144.6 (Kinrara Volcano)	7,000 years ago^[3]
Main Range Volcano	—	—	27°54′S 152°24′E / 27.9°S 152.4°E / -27.9; 152.4 (Main Range Volcano)	23–27 million years ago^[4]
Mount Le Brun	—	—	25°35′52″S 151°54′32″E / 25.59778°S 151.90889°E / -25.59778; 151.90889 (Mount Le Brun)	Over 600,000 years ago
Mount McBride	911	—	18°18′S 144°36′E / 18.3°S 144.6°E / -18.3; 144.6 (Mount McBride)	1.7 million years ago
McLean Volcano	—	—	15°48′S 144°48′E / 15.8°S 144.8°E / -15.8; 144.8 (McLean Volcano)	Less than 1 million years ago
Mingela	—	—	—	—
Mitchell Volcano	—	—	26°00′S 148°12′E / 26.0°S 148.2°E / -26.0; 148.2 (Mitchell Volcano)	21–24 million years ago
Monto	—	—	—	—
Nebo Volcano	—	—	21°24′S 148°12′E / 21.4°S 148.2°E / -21.4; 148.2 (Nebo Volcano)	28–35 million years ago
Nulla Volcano	—	—	19°42′S 145°18′E / 19.7°S 145.3°E / -19.7; 145.3 (Nulla Volcano)	13,000 years ago
Piebald Volcano	417	—	15°06′S 145°06′E / 15.1°S 145.1°E / -15.1; 145.1 (Piebald Volcano)	Less than 3 million years ago
Rockhampton Volcano	—	—	23°18′S 150°24′E / 23.3°S 150.4°E / -23.3; 150.4 (Rockhampton Volcano)	67–71 million years ago
Springsure	600	—	24°00′S 148°06′E / 24.0°S 148.1°E / -24.0; 148.1 (Springsure)	24–33 million years ago
Sturgeon Volcano	—	—	20°18′S 144°12′E / 20.3°S 144.2°E / -20.3; 144.2 (Sturgeon Volcano)	92,000 years ago
Toomba	—	—	19°30′S 145°00′E / 19.5°S 145.0°E / -19.5; 145.0 (Toomba)	21,000 years ago^[3]
Undara Crater	1,020	3,345	18°15′S 144°45′E / 18.25°S 144.75°E / -18.25; 144.75 (Undara Crater)	189,000 years ago^[3]
Wallaroo Volcano	—	—	18°00′S 145°24′E / 18.0°S 145.4°E / -18.0; 145.4 (Wallaroo Volcano)	Less than 5 million years ago
Mount Barney, Focal Peak Volcano	1,359	4,958	28°10′S 152°25′E / 28.17°S 152.42°E / -28.17; 152.42 (Mount Barney)	—
Campbells Folly	—	—	—	—
Mount Pie	—	—	—	—
Mount Glennie	—	—	—	—
Levers Plateau	—	—	—	—
Glass House Mountains	—	—	—	26–27 million years ago^[2]
Mount Beerburrum	276	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Mount Beerburrum)	26–27 million years ago
Mount Beerwah	556	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Mount Beerwah)	26–27 million years ago
Mount Coochin	235	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Mount Coochin)	26–27 million years ago
Mount Cooee	—	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Mount Cooee)	26–27 million years ago
Mount Coonowrin	377	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Mount Coonowrin)	26–27 million years ago
Mount Elimbah	129	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Mount Elimbah)	26–27 million years ago
Mount Horogargan	—	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Mount Horogargan)	26–27 million years ago
Mount Miketeebumulgrai	199	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Mount Miketeebumulgrai)	26–27 million years ago
Mount Ngungun	253	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Mount Ngungun)	26–27 million years ago
Round Mountain	—	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Round Mountain)	26–27 million years ago
Mount Tibberoowuccum	220	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Mount Tibberoowuccum)	26–27 million years ago
Mount Tibrogargan	364	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Mount Tibrogargan)	26–27 million years ago
Mount Tunbubudla	312	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Mount Tunbubudla)	26–27 million years ago
Wild Horse Mountain	123	—	26°42′S 152°54′E / 26.7°S 152.9°E / -26.7; 152.9 (Wild Horse Mountain)	26–27 million years ago
Anvil Peak	—	—	22°48′S 148°00′E / 22.8°S 148.0°E / -22.8; 148.0 (Anvil Peak)	27–35 million years ago
Table Mountain	—	—	22°48′S 148°00′E / 22.8°S 148.0°E / -22.8; 148.0 (Table Mountain)	27–35 million years ago
Murray Island	200	656	10°00′S 144°00′E / 10.0°S 144.0°E / -10.0; 144.0 (Murray Island)	1 million years ago

New South Wales

Name	Elevation		Location	Last eruption
Name	metres	feet	Coordinates	Last eruption
Abercrombie Volcano	—	—	34°18′S 149°24′E / 34.3°S 149.4°E / -34.3; 149.4 (Abercrombie Volcano)	14–26 million years ago
Airly Volcano	—	—	32°54′S 150°06′E / 32.9°S 150.1°E / -32.9; 150.1 (Airly Volcano)	34–42 million years ago
Barrington Volcano	—	—	31°48′S 151°12′E / 31.8°S 151.2°E / -31.8; 151.2 (Barrington Volcano)	44–54 million years ago
Bunda Bunda Volcano	—	—	31°06′S 152°24′E / 31.1°S 152.4°E / -31.1; 152.4 (Bunda Bunda Volcano)	71 million years ago
Byrock Volcano	—	—	30°42′S 146°18′E / 30.7°S 146.3°E / -30.7; 146.3 (Byrock Volcano)	17 million years ago^[5]
Mount Canobolas	1,395	—	33°18′S 149°00′E / 33.3°S 149.0°E / -33.3; 149.0 (Mount Canobolas)	12–13 million years ago
Cargelligo Volcano	—	—	33°24′S 146°30′E / 33.4°S 146.5°E / -33.4; 146.5 (Cargelligo Volcano)	15 million years ago^[5]
Central Volcano inc. Maybole Volcano and Gragin Peak	—	—	29°48′S 151°36′E / 29.8°S 151.6°E / -29.8; 151.6 (Central Volcano)	—
Comboyne Volcano	—	—	31°36′S 152°30′E / 31.6°S 152.5°E / -31.6; 152.5 (Comboyne Volcano)	16–17 million years ago^[4]
Doughboy Volcano	—	—	30°18′S 152°12′E / 30.3°S 152.2°E / -30.3; 152.2 (Doughboy Volcano)	38–45 million years ago
Dubbo Volcano	—	—	32°12′S 149°12′E / 32.2°S 149.2°E / -32.2; 149.2 (Dubbo Volcano)	12–15 million years ago
Ebor Volcano	—	—	30°24′S 152°24′E / 30.4°S 152.4°E / -30.4; 152.4 (Ebor Volcano)	19–20 million years ago^[4]
El Capitan	—	—	31°12′S 146°12′E / 31.2°S 146.2°E / -31.2; 146.2 (El Capitan)	18 million years ago^[5]
Mount Gulaga or Mount Dromedary	806	—	36°18′S 150°00′E / 36.3°S 150.0°E / -36.3; 150.0 (Mount Gulaga)	—
Mount Kaputar or Nandewar Volcano	1,507	—	30°12′S 150°06′E / 30.2°S 150.1°E / -30.2; 150.1 (Mount Kaputar)	17–18 million years ago
Liverpool Range	—	—	31°54′S 150°24′E / 31.9°S 150.4°E / -31.9; 150.4 (Liverpool Range)	32–35 million years ago
Monaro	—	—	35°42′S 150°18′E / 35.7°S 150.3°E / -35.7; 150.3 (Monaro)	37–55 million years ago
Nerriga Volcano	—	—	35°12′S 149°48′E / 35.2°S 149.8°E / -35.2; 149.8 (Nerriga Volcano)	50 million years ago
Snowy Mountains	—	—	35°30′S 148°18′E / 35.5°S 148.3°E / -35.5; 148.3 (Snowy Mountains)	17–22 million years ago
South Coast Volcano	—	—	35°42′S 150°18′E / 35.7°S 150.3°E / -35.7; 150.3 (South Coast Volcano)	26–31 million years ago
Southern Highlands Volcano	—	—	34°36′S 150°30′E / 34.6°S 150.5°E / -34.6; 150.5 (Southern Highlands Volcano)	31–55 million years ago
Prospect Hill	—	—	33°49′30″S 150°55′5″E / 33.82500°S 150.91806°E / -33.82500; 150.91806 (Prospect Hill)	80 million years ago
Walcha Volcano	—	—	31°24′S 151°48′E / 31.4°S 151.8°E / -31.4; 151.8 (Walcha Volcano)	44–56 million years ago
Mount Warning or Tweed Volcano	1,157	3,796	28°23′50″S 153°16′15″E / 28.39722°S 153.27083°E / -28.39722; 153.27083 (Mount Warning)	24–23 million years ago^[4]
Warrumbungles inc The Breadknife	—	—	31°18′S 149°00′E / 31.3°S 149.0°E / -31.3; 149.0 (Warrumbungles)	13–17 million years ago

Victoria

Name	Elevation		Location	Last eruption
Name	metres	feet	Coordinates	Last eruption
Aberfeldy Volcano	—	—	37°48′S 146°24′E / 37.8°S 146.4°E / -37.8; 146.4 (Aberfeldy Volcano)	27 million years ago
Lake Bullen Merri	—	—	—	—
Mount Buninyong	744	—	—	—
Lake Colongulac	—	—	—	—
Cosgrove				9 million years ago^[5]
Dargo	—	—	—	—
Budj Bim, in Budj Bim National Park	—	—	38°04′S 141°55′E / 38.07°S 141.92°E / -38.07; 141.92 (Mount Eccles)	36.9 ±3.1 thousand years ago
Mount Elephant	395	—	37°58′S 143°12′E / 37.96°S 143.20°E / -37.96; 143.20 (Mount Elephant)	5,000–20,000 years ago
Flinders Volcano	—	—	38°30′S 145°18′E / 38.5°S 145.3°E / -38.5; 145.3 (Flinders Volcano)	40–48 million years ago
Mount Franklin	635	—	—	470,000 years ago
Gelantipy Volcano	—	—	37°12′S 148°18′E / 37.2°S 148.3°E / -37.2; 148.3 (Gelantipy Volcano)	34–43 million years ago
Lake Gnotuk	—	—	—	—
Mount Hamilton	—	—	—	—
Howitt Volcano	—	—	37°12′S 146°42′E / 37.2°S 146.7°E / -37.2; 146.7 (Howitt Volcano)	32–36 million years ago
Lake Keilambete	—	—	—	—
Mount Kooroocheang	230	—	—	—
La Trobe Volcano	—	—	38°30′S 146°18′E / 38.5°S 146.3°E / -38.5; 146.3 (La Trobe Volcano)	50–59 million years ago
Mount Leura	311	—	38°06′S 143°06′E / 38.1°S 143.1°E / -38.1; 143.1 (Mount Leura)	5,000–20,000 years ago
Mount Macedon	1,014	3,346	37°25′S 144°35′E / 37.41°S 144.58°E / -37.41; 144.58 (Mount Macedon)	360 million years ago
Mount Napier	440	1,440	37°48′S 142°30′E / 37.8°S 142.5°E / -37.8; 142.5 (Mount Napier)	32,000 years ago
Neerim Volcano	—	—	38°00′S 146°00′E / 38.0°S 146.0°E / -38.0; 146.0 (Neerim Volcano)	20–25 million years ago
Mount Noorat	310	—	38°10′37″S 142°55′39″E / 38.1769267°S 142.9276341°E / -38.1769267; 142.9276341 (Mount Noorat)	5,000–20,000 years ago
Poowong	—	—	—	—
Mount Porndon	278	—	38°11′S 143°10′E / 38.18°S 143.17°E / -38.18; 143.17 (Mount Porndon)	300,000 years ago
Lake Purrumbete	—	—	—	—
Stockyard Hill	—	—	37°34′S 143°19′E / 37.56°S 143.32°E / -37.56; 143.32 (Stockyard Hill/Black Lake)	0.1–0.5 million years ago ^[6]
The Anakies	—	—	37°33′S 144°06′E / 37.55°S 144.10°E / -37.55; 144.10 (The Anakies)	1.5 million years ago^[7]
Toombullup Volcano	—	—	36°54′S 146°18′E / 36.9°S 146.3°E / -36.9; 146.3 (Toombullup Volcano)	37–44 million years ago
Tower Hill, in Tower Hill State Game Reserve	—	—	—	36.8 ±3.8 thousand years ago
Uplands Volcano	—	—	36°48′S 147°36′E / 36.8°S 147.6°E / -36.8; 147.6 (Uplands Volcano)	2 million years ago
Mount Warrenheip	741	—	—	—
Mount Warrnambool	216	—	38°11′S 142°26′E / 38.18°S 142.44°E / -38.18; 142.44 (Mount Warrnambool)	5,000–20,000 years ago
Newer Volcanics Province	—	—	37°46′S 142°30′E / 37.767°S 142.500°E / -37.767; 142.500 (Newer Volcanics)	—

South Australia

South Australia's volcanoes are the youngest in Australia, and erupted within the memory of local Indigenous peoples. They are all in the Limestone Coast region, in the Mount Burr Range. They are considered dormant rather than extinct.

Name	Elevation		Location	Last eruption
Name	metres	feet	Coordinates	Last eruption
Mount Burr	187	614	37°33′S 140°28′E / 37.55°S 140.46°E / -37.55; 140.46 (Mount Burr)	4,750 years ago
Mount Gambier	190	623	37°50′S 140°47′E / 37.84°S 140.78°E / -37.84; 140.78 (Mount Gambier)	4,500 years ago
Mount Schank	158	518	37°56′S 140°44′E / 37.94°S 140.74°E / -37.94; 140.74 (Mount Schank)	5,000 years ago
Mount Muirhead	130	427	37°34′S 140°25′E / 37.56°S 140.41°E / -37.56; 140.41 (Mount Muirhead)	5,000 years ago

Western Australia

There are no active or dormant volcanoes in Western Australia, although there are a number of extinct ones, and geological evidence of others. There are nineteen small extinct volcanoes in the valley of the Fitzroy River in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. The Kimberley also has a number of groups of hot springs, which may be connected with the volcanic activity that produced the extinct volcanoes (but since these volcanic formations are Proterozoic in age – i.e. maybe a billion years old, this would be very unlikely). There are also deposits of basalt at Bunbury and Cape Gosselin.

Name	Elevation		Location	Last eruption
Name	metres	feet	Coordinates	Last eruption
Argyle diamond mine	—	—	16°36′S 128°18′E / 16.6°S 128.3°E / -16.6; 128.3 (Argyle Diamond Pipe)	1.58 million years ago

Tasmania

Name	Elevation		Location	Last eruption
Name	metres	feet	Coordinates
Table Cape	181	594	40°57′S 145°44′E / 40.95°S 145.73°E / -40.95; 145.73 (Table Cape)	12 million years ago
The Nut	143	469	40°46′S 145°18′E / 40.76°S 145.3°E / -40.76; 145.3 (The Nut)	25-70 million years ago
Hillwood Volcano	2880	9448	41°13′S 146°57′E / 41.21°S 146.95°E / -41.21; 146.95	250 million years ago
Lune River	—	—	43°15′S 146°32′E / 43.25°S 146.54°E / -43.25; 146.54	180 million years ago
Mount Charter	514	1686	41°37′21″S 145°40′32″E / 41.62250°S 145.67556°E / -41.62250; 145.67556	500 million years ago
Mount Tor	1105	3625	41°25′53″S 145°53′34″E / 41.43139°S 145.89278°E / -41.43139; 145.89278	500 million years ago
Mount Julia	843	2766	41°53′3″S 145°33′50″E / 41.88417°S 145.56389°E / -41.88417; 145.56389	500 million years ago
Mount Cripps	943	3,094	41°34′49″S 145°45′59″E / 41.58028°S 145.76639°E / -41.58028; 145.76639	500 million years ago
Mount Read Volcanics	1.123	3.684	41°30′S 145°19′E / 41.50°S 145.32°E / -41.50; 145.32	500 million years ago

Territories

Australia Capital Territory

Name	Elevation		Location	Last eruption
Name	metres	feet	Coordinates	Last eruption
Mount Stromlo	770	2,530	35°19′0″S 149°1′0″E / 35.31667°S 149.01667°E / -35.31667; 149.01667 (Mount Stromlo)	Silurian period

Heard and McDonald Islands

Name	Elevation		Location	Last eruption
Name	metres	feet	Coordinates	Last eruption
Anzac Peak	715	2,346	52°59′32″S 73°17′58″E / 52.99222°S 73.29944°E / -52.99222; 73.29944 (Anzac Peak)	—
Big Ben (Mawson Peak)	2,745	9,006	53°6′0″S 73°31′0″E / 53.10000°S 73.51667°E / -53.10000; 73.51667 (Big Ben)	2004/2019
Mount Dixon	715	2,346	53°0′S 73°17′E / 53.000°S 73.283°E / -53.000; 73.283 (Mount Dixon)	—
McDonald Islands	230	755	53°02′S 72°36′E / 53.03°S 72.60°E / -53.03; 72.60 (McDonald Islands)	2005

Lord Howe Island

Name	Elevation		Location	Last eruption
Name	metres	feet	Coordinates	Last eruption
Ball's Pyramid	562	1,844	31°45′07″S 159°15′05″E / 31.75194°S 159.25139°E / -31.75194; 159.25139 (Ball's Pyramid)	—
Mount Gower	875	2,870	31°34′51″S 159°04′54″E / 31.58083°S 159.08167°E / -31.58083; 159.08167 (Mount Gower)	—

Australia Antarctic Territory

Name	Elevation		Location	Last eruption
Name	metres	feet	Coordinates	Last eruption
Gaussberg	370	1,214	66°48′S 89°1′E / 66.800°S 89.017°E / -66.800; 89.017 (Gaussberg)	—

Norfolk Island

Norfolk Island and neighbouring Nepean Island and Phillip Island are mountain top remnants of an elongated shield volcano.^[8]

Tasman Sea

Name	Elevation		Location	Last eruption
Name	metres	feet	Coordinates	Last eruption
Bass Strait Basin	—	—	—	—
Tasman Seamounts	—	—	—	—
Barcoo Seamount	—	—	—	—
Britannia Seamount	—	—	—	—
Derwent-Hunter Seamount	—	—	—	—
Gascoyne Seamount	—	—	—	—
Heemskirk Seamount	—	—	—	—
Queensland Seamount	—	—	—	—
Soela Seamount	—	—	—	—
Taupo Seamount	—	—	—	—
Zeelian Seamount	—	—	—	—

Other

Name	Elevation		Location	Last eruption
Name	metres	feet	Coordinates	Last eruption
Macquarie Island	433	1,421	54°30′S 158°57′E / 54.50°S 158.95°E / -54.50; 158.95 (Macquarie Island)	—
Norfolk Island	315	1,033	29°S 168°E / 29°S 168°E / -29; 168 (Norfolk Island)	2.4 million years ago

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References

Citations

^ ^a ^b ^c Whitehead, P. W.; Stephenson, P. J.; McDougall, I.; Hopkins, M. S.; Graham, A. W.; Collerson, K. D.; Johnson, D. P. (1 July 2007). "Temporal development of the Atherton Basalt Province, north Queensland". Australian Journal of Earth Sciences. 54 (5): 691–709. Bibcode:2007AuJES..54..691W. doi:10.1080/08120090701305236. ISSN 0812-0099. S2CID 140645798.
^ ^a ^b Cohen, B. E.; Vasconcelos, P. M.; Knesel, K. M. (1 February 2007). "40Ar/39Ar constraints on the timing of Oligocene intraplate volcanism in southeast Queensland". Australian Journal of Earth Sciences. 54 (1): 105–125. Bibcode:2007AuJES..54..105C. doi:10.1080/08120090600981483. ISSN 0812-0099. S2CID 128834679.
^ ^a ^b ^c Cohen, B.E.; Mark, D.F.; Fallon, S.J.; Stephenson, P.J. (2017). "Holocene-Neogene volcanism in northeastern Australia: Chronology and eruption history" (PDF). Quaternary Geochronology. 39: 79–91. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2017.01.003.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Knesel, Kurt M.; Cohen, Benjamin E.; Vasconcelos, Paulo M.; Thiede, David S. (2008). "Rapid change in drift of the Australian plate records collision with Ontong Java plateau". Nature. 454 (7205): 754–757. Bibcode:2008Natur.454..754K. doi:10.1038/nature07138. PMID 18685705. S2CID 4427792.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Cohen, B. E.; Knesel, K. M.; Vasconcelos, P. M.; Thiede, D. S.; Hergt, J. M. (1 April 2008). "40Ar/39Ar constraints on the timing and origin of Miocene leucitite volcanism in southeastern Australia". Australian Journal of Earth Sciences. 55 (3): 407–418. Bibcode:2008AuJES..55..407C. doi:10.1080/08120090701769514. ISSN 0812-0099. S2CID 129437099.
^ Stockyard Hill 3-in-1, retrieved 8 March 2018
^ "The Anakies".
^ "Norfolk Island". ga.gov.au. 15 May 2014.

Sources

Siebert L, Simkin T (2002–present). Volcanoes of the World: an Illustrated Catalog of Holocene Volcanoes and their Eruptions. Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program Digital Information Series, GVP-3 (http://www.volcano.si.edu).
Volcanoes of Australia, Volcano World

External links

[:1-1] Whitehead, P. W.; Stephenson, P. J.; McDougall, I.; Hopkins, M. S.; Graham, A. W.; Collerson, K. D.; Johnson, D. P. (1 July 2007). "Temporal development of the Atherton Basalt Province, north Queensland". Australian Journal of Earth Sciences. 54 (5): 691–709. Bibcode:2007AuJES..54..691W. doi:10.1080/08120090701305236. ISSN 0812-0099. S2CID 140645798.

[:2-2] Cohen, B. E.; Vasconcelos, P. M.; Knesel, K. M. (1 February 2007). "40Ar/39Ar constraints on the timing of Oligocene intraplate volcanism in southeast Queensland". Australian Journal of Earth Sciences. 54 (1): 105–125. Bibcode:2007AuJES..54..105C. doi:10.1080/08120090600981483. ISSN 0812-0099. S2CID 128834679.

[:0-3] Cohen, B.E.; Mark, D.F.; Fallon, S.J.; Stephenson, P.J. (2017). "Holocene-Neogene volcanism in northeastern Australia: Chronology and eruption history" (PDF). Quaternary Geochronology. 39: 79–91. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2017.01.003.

[:3-4] Knesel, Kurt M.; Cohen, Benjamin E.; Vasconcelos, Paulo M.; Thiede, David S. (2008). "Rapid change in drift of the Australian plate records collision with Ontong Java plateau". Nature. 454 (7205): 754–757. Bibcode:2008Natur.454..754K. doi:10.1038/nature07138. PMID 18685705. S2CID 4427792.

[:4-5] Cohen, B. E.; Knesel, K. M.; Vasconcelos, P. M.; Thiede, D. S.; Hergt, J. M. (1 April 2008). "40Ar/39Ar constraints on the timing and origin of Miocene leucitite volcanism in southeastern Australia". Australian Journal of Earth Sciences. 55 (3): 407–418. Bibcode:2008AuJES..55..407C. doi:10.1080/08120090701769514. ISSN 0812-0099. S2CID 129437099.

[6] Stockyard Hill 3-in-1, retrieved 8 March 2018

[7] "The Anakies".

[8] "Norfolk Island". ga.gov.au. 15 May 2014.

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