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Hazrat Ishaan

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His Serene Highness
Sayyid Khwaja Khawanad Mahmud Naqshbandi
Icon of HH The Hazrat Ishaan
Born1563
Bukhara, Khanate of Bukhara
Died4 November 1642 (aged 79)
Lahore, Punjab, Mughal Empire
Resting placeLahore
Title
  • Imam ul- Awliyah Allah (the Imam of the Awliyah of Allah)
  • Yusuf Ghause Azam (Yusuf of Ghause Azam)
  • Imam al-Arifeen (The Imam of the Gnostics)
  • Qudwat Salikeen (The Destination of the seekers)
  • Hujjat ul Kamileen (The evidence of perfection)
  • Padshahe Awliya (Emperor of the Awliyah, given by his master Khwaja Ishaq Wali Dahbidi)
  • Farzande delband Shahe Naqshband (Beloved son of Shahe Naqshband)
PredecessorHazrat Bahauddin Naqshband and Sayyid Alauddin Atar (Uwaisiyyah line)
SuccessorMir Sayyid Moinuddin Hadi Naqshband, Sayyid Mir Jan (Uwaisiyyah line)
ChildrenMoinuddin Hadi Naqshband
ParentSayyid Mir Sharif Naqshbandi

Sayyid ul Sadaat Khwaja Sayyid Mir Khawand Mahmud ibn Sharifuddin Gilani-Naqshbandi Al-Hasani wal Husseini, known as Hazrat Ishaan Shah Saheb (1563 — 5 November 1642) was an influential Sunni Saint (Wali) from Bukhara, Uzbekistan.

Ancestry

Hazrat Ishaan was a Sayyid, signifying his direct descent from the Islamic prophet Muhammad (in this case through his daughter Fatima al Zahra and his son in law and cousin Ali ibn Abu Talib).

Paternal descendance

Two paternal Sayyid lineages of him are currently known. From one line he is a direct descendant of the seventh Imam Musa al Kadhim, through his son Ibrahim al Murtadha and of the well known Sufi master Khwaja Sayyid Mir Alauddin Atar. Sayyid Alauddin Atar was the successor and son in law of Hazrat Bahauddin Naqshband. Therefore, Hazrat Ishaan is also from the progeny of Hazrat Bahauddin Naqshband, who was himself a descendant of the eleventh Imam Hasan al Askari, through his son Sayyid Ali Akbar as well as Sayyid Abdul Qadir Gilani through his grandmother. Hazrat Ishaan Saheb is also known to have a familiary relationship with the Sufi saint Farid ul-din Attar and Khwaja Ubaidullah Ahrar. Khwaja Ahrar was his ancestor, which also indicates Hazrat Ishaans descent from Caliph Umar ibn Al Khattab[1]

Maternal descendance

From his maternal line Hazrat Ishaan is of Hashimi descent from two lines. One line is linked to Imam Hussein though his maternal grandfather Mirak ibn Zayn ul Abideen. Another line is linked to Imam Muhammad Ibn al Hanafiyyah.

Biography

Family

Hazrat Ishaan was the second son of Khwaja Sayyid Mir Sharif Naqshbandi. His older brother was Khwaja Khawand Muhammad Naqshbandi, known as Khwaja Khawand Aftab, who also was a saint. Hazrat Ishaan had issued 5 daughters and 6 sons, who are all regarded as saints.

Lineage

Hazrat Ishaan was a descendant of Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Spiritual journey

Hazrat Ishaan was influenced by his ancestors´ teachings and was therefore a disciple of his father. Hazat Ishaan was granted permission from his father to study in a royal college and had become an accomplished scholar. In the age of 23 years Hazrat Ishaan Shah Saheb has received a letter to visit his father and to accompany him in his last days.[2] Upon his father, passing away, he concentrated on the mystical quest.[3] In this he first left to Wakhsh,[4] where he became Shaykh ul Islam, performing his duties there.[5] While staying in Wakhsh, he got to know Khwaja Hajji.[6] They have met a second time in Balkh, where Khwaja Hajji has introduced him to his future master Khwaja Ishaq Dahbidi and has become his disciple.[7] He met him the second time in Bokhara and has become his disciple.[8] After twelve years of spiritual training Hazrat Ishaan Saheb has reached the level of a Shaykh in Tasawuff in year 1598.[9] Khwaja Ishaq Wali has welcomed him in his circle as the "Shahanshah-e-Awliya" (English: Emperor of all Saints of the time). On the advise of Khwaja Ishaq Wali Hazrat Ishaan Saheb went to Lahore to propagate the Ishaqqiya path. Instead he went to Srinagar in Kashmir. In Srinagar he attracted many people, who have later followed him. The fame of his piety has reached many areas of Central Asia.[10] Hundreds of thousands of disciples in Khorasan, modern-day Afghanistan, especially in the cities of Kandahar, Kabul and Herat, followed him. He has sent disciples in all over Central Asia under, whom 2 have been sent to Tibet. Unlike other Naqshbandi Masters he attracted many people, who were not only official patronages.[11] Hazrat Khwaja Khawand Mahmud was invited by the Moghul Emperor Jahangir to attend to his court in Agra. Attending there several times, he was able to create firm connections to the court, because Jahangir was a disciple of his. Jahangir firmly believed in him, being taught by his father Akbar that he was born through Hazrat Ishaan´s prayers, when Akbar desperately wished to have a child.[12] Becoming entangled in the struggle against the Shia community there, Moghul emperor Shah Jahan evacuated him in year 1636 to Delhi. Hazrat Ishaan spent his last six years in Lahore, where Jahangir's son Shah Jahan has built a Palace for him, that later became his mausoleum.[13][14][15]

Succession

Hazrat Ishaan was succeeded by his son Moinuddin Naqshabnd in Kashmir.[16] His youngest son Bahauddin succeeded his father in Lahore in a very young age. His spiritual line died out in the late eighteenth century. Hazrat Ishaan has stated that one of his progeny will come to revive his lineage and to take his place as Ghawth. It has been found, that Hazrat Sayyid Mir Jan is this person, who is his successor in the Uwaisiyyah transmissional way.

Spiritual rank

Hazrat Ishaan was Qutb the highest ranking Wali Allah (saint) of his time. In Sufism the Qutb is known as the cosmic leader of the whole universe and righteous successor of Muhammad. It is said that Hazrat Ishaan stated that under his progeny there will come a son of him, who will revive the spiritual lineage and legacy of Hazrat Ishaan and who will take his place as Qutb after him. It is accepted that the miraculous and prophesied successor was Sayyid ul Sadaat Hazrat Sayyid Mir Jan.[17][18]

Descendants

Notable descendants of Mahmud include:

As his family intermarried with:

his descendants are out of courtesy addressed with the title Prince today.[19]

  • Darbare Hazrat Ishaan after the renovation of his descendant Hazrat Khwaja Sardar Sayyid Mir Sultan Masood Dakik at night
    Darbare Hazrat Ishaan after the renovation of his descendant Hazrat Khwaja Sardar Sayyid Mir Sultan Masood Dakik at night
  • Holy graves of Hazrat Ishaan Shah Saheb, Hazrat Sayyid Mir Jan Shah Saheb and Hazrat Sayyid Mahmud Shah Saheb
    Holy graves of Hazrat Ishaan Shah Saheb, Hazrat Sayyid Mir Jan Shah Saheb and Hazrat Sayyid Mahmud Shah Saheb
  • Masjid of the Darbar of Hazrat Ishaan after the renovation of his descendant Hazrat Khwaja Sardar Sayyid Mir Sultan Masood Dakik
    Masjid of the Darbar of Hazrat Ishaan after the renovation of his descendant Hazrat Khwaja Sardar Sayyid Mir Sultan Masood Dakik

See also

References

  1. ^ Damrel in Forgotten Grace, p. 20, l. 13-16
  2. ^ Damrel in Forgotten Grace, p. 50, l. 13-15
  3. ^ Damrel in Forgotten Grace, p. 50, l. 15-17
  4. ^ Damrel in Forgotten Grace, p. 51, l. 3
  5. ^ Damrel in Forgotten Grace, p. 6, l. 5
  6. ^ Damrel in Forgotten Grace, p. 59, l. 17-20
  7. ^ Damrel in Forgotten Grace, p. 60, l. 1
  8. ^ Damrel in Forgotten Grace, p. 60, l. 7-11
  9. ^ Damrel in Forgotten Grace, p. 61, l. 17-20, p. 62, l. 1, 2
  10. ^ "the Naqshbandiyya: Orthodoxy and activism in a worldwide Sufi tradition" written and investigated by: Itzchak Weismann ;company: Routledge Taylor&Francis Group(p.52)
  11. ^ "the Naqshbandiyya: Orthodoxy and activism in a worldwide Sufi tradition" written and investigated by: Itzchak Weismann ;company: Routledge Taylor&Francis Group(p.52)
  12. ^ "the Naqshbandiyya: Orthodoxy and activism in a worldwide Sufi tradition" written and investigated by: Itzchak Weismann ;company: Routledge Taylor&Francis Group(p.52)
  13. ^ "the Naqshbandiyya: Orthodoxy and activism in a worldwide Sufi tradition" written and investigated by: Itzchak Weismann ;company: Routledge Taylor&Francis Group(p.52)
  14. ^ Muzaffar Alam in The Mughals and the Sufis: Islam and Political Imagination in India, 1500–1750, published by SUNY Press, section: The return of the Naqshbandis
  15. ^ Gacek and Pstrusinska in Proceedings of the Ninth Conference of the European Society for Central Asian Studies, published by Cambridge scholar Press, p. 151
  16. ^ "the Naqshbandiyya: Orthodoxy and activism in a worldwide Sufi tradition" written and investigated by: Itzchak Weismann ;company: Routledge Taylor&Francis Group(p.52)
  17. ^ Sufi Sheikhs of Pakistan and Afghanistan
  18. ^ Nicholson, Reynold (2000). Kashf al-Mahjub of al-Hajvari. E. J. W. Gibb Memorial.
  19. ^ Christopher Buyers in the Royal Ark, Telai III
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