Benjamin Whichcote

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Benjamin Whichcote (4 May 1609 – May 1683) was an English Establishment and Puritan divine, 19th Provost of King's College, Cambridge, and leader of the Cambridge Platonists. He held that man is the "child of reason" and therefore not completely depraved by nature, as Puritans held. He also argued for religious toleration.

Life and career

Whichcote was born at Whichcote Hall in Stoke upon Tern, Shropshire. He entered Emmanuel College, Cambridge in 1628,^[1] and became a fellow in 1633.^[2] In 1637, he was ordained, a deacon and priest at the same time. In 1643, he married and took up priestly duties in a Cambridge-dispensed parish in North Cadbury, Somerset. In 1644, he became 19th Provost of King's College due to Parliamentary control of the universities. However, he was the only new head of house who did not subscribe to the National Covenant. In 1650, during the Interregnum, he was vice-chancellor of the University of Cambridge, and advised Oliver Cromwell on the subject of toleration of the Jews. After the Restoration he was removed from his position at King's College, but reinstated when he accepted the Act of Uniformity in 1662.

From that time to 1666 (when it burned down), he was the curate of St. Anne's Church, Blackfriars. In 1668, he was made the vicar of St Lawrence Jewry.^[2] He was a brother to Jeremy Whichcote and Elizabeth Foxcroft, wife of Ezechiel Foxcroft.^[3]

Whichcote was one of the leaders of the Cambridge Platonists, and had liberal views. In 1650, he was involved in a controversy with his former teacher and friend Anthony Tuckney. He was opposed to the doctrine of total depravity and adopted a semi-Pelagian position, holding that man is the "child of reason", and therefore not, as the Puritans held, of a completely depraved nature. He argued that there are some questions beyond the ability of reasonable and religious people to solve, and he therefore argued for religious toleration. He was accused at various times by various persons of being an Arminian, Socinian, and Latitudinarian.

He died in Cambridge.

Works

Nearly all of his works were published posthumously. These include: Select Notions of B. Whichcote (1685), Select Sermons (1689), Discourses (1701), and Moral and Religious Aphorisms (1703).

References

Wikisource has original works by or about:
Benjamin Whichcote

^ "Whichcote, Benjamin (WHCT626B)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
^ ^a ^b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Whichcote, Benjamin" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 587–588.
^ "Elizabeth Whichcote b. 1604 2nd dau". geni_family_tree. Geni.com. Retrieved 20 January 2018.

Cross, F.L. and E.A. Livingstone. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. London: Oxford UP, 1978.

External links

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Academic offices
Preceded by Samuel Collins	Provost of King's College, Cambridge 1644-1660	Succeeded by James Fleetwood

Provosts of King's College, Cambridge

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