EL/W-2090
The IAI EL/W-2090 is an airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) radar system developed by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) and Elta Electronics Industries of Israel. Its primary objective is to provide intelligence to maintain air superiority and conduct surveillance. The system is currently in-service with the Indian Air Force.
It is a development of the EL/M-2075 system, described by the Federation of American Scientists as the most advanced AEW&C system in the world under 1993 article.[1]
Design and features
The EL/W-2090 is a further development of EL/M-2075 and EL/W-2085.
The EL/W-2090 uses the active electronically scanned array (AESA), an active phased array radar. This radar consists of an array transmit/receive (T/R) modules that allow a beam to be electronically steered, making a physically rotating rotodome unnecessary. AESA radars operate on a pseudorandom set of frequencies and also have very short scanning rates, which makes them difficult to detect and jam.
Sales
Sale to India
In March 2004, as a part of a tri-partite deal among Israel, India, and Russia, Israel and India signed a US$1.1 billion deal according to which IAI would deliver the Indian Air Force three AEW&C radar systems, each of which was worth approximately $350 million.[2][3] India signed a deal with Ilyushin of Russia for the supply of three Il-76 A-50 heavy airlifters, which were to be used as platforms for these radar systems, for an additional US $500 million. In 2008, media reports suggested that India and Israel were about to sign a deal for three additional radars. India received its first AWACS on 25 May 2009. It landed in Jamnagar AFB in Gujarat completing its 8 hour long journey from Israel.[4]
In November, 2016, India signed another deal[5] to purchase two more AEW&C radar systems. The deal entails a purchase of further 2 systems of the AWACS for $1billion with deliveries scheduled within the next 3 years.
Sale to China
In 1994, Israel entered into talks with China regarding the sale of the Phalcon radar system, initially for four units but with an understanding that as many as eight would be procured.[6] An agreement between China and Israel was signed in July 1996. Russia entered the program in March 1997; the first Il-76 slated for modifications landed in Israel in October 1999.[6] Although the US government was aware of the sale, it remained silent until October 1999, when it publicly opposed the sale of the EL/W-2090 to China. Fearing that the system would alter the military balance in the Taiwan Strait, American officials threatened to withhold aid to Israel in April 2000 if the deal proceeded.[6][7]
On 12 July 2000, Prime Minister Ehud Barak announced that Israel would scrap the deal.[7] However, it was not until July 2000 when a formal letter was sent to the Chinese government; the Israeli government hoped that the newly elected Bush administration would endorse the Phalcon deal.[6] In March 2002, Israel concluded a $350-million compensation package to China, more than the $160-million advance payment China had already made.[6] Subsequently, the original Chinese KJ-2000 AEW&C entered service in 2004.
Operators
India - Three in service & two ordered on an Ilyushin Il-76 platform.[8]
References
- ^ https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ac/row/phalcon.htm
- ^ "Israel and India seal radar deal". BBC News. March 5, 2004. Retrieved May 1, 2010.
- ^ Singh, Pulkit (1 October 2003). "India and Israel to ink Phalcon deal". Journal of Electronic Defense. Association of Old Crows. ISSN 0192-429X.
- ^ "First AWACS aircraft lands at Jamnagar air base in Gujarat". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 26 May 2009.
- ^ "India signs $1.4bn contracts with Israel". November 23, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e Kumaraswamy, P.R. (June 2005). "Israel-China relations and the Phalcon controversy". Middle East Policy. 13 (2). Wiley-Blackwell. ISSN 1475-4967.
- ^ a b Boese, Wade (September 2000). "Israel Halts Chinese Phalcon Deal". Arms Control Today. 30 (7). Arms Control Association: 28. JSTOR 23626425.
- ^ India set to decide big military aircraft deals