List of Russian censuses

Russian Federation Census Перепись населения Российской Федерации Perepis' naseleniya Rossiyskoy Federatsiyi
Location(s)	Moscow, Myasnitskaya st., 39
Country	Russia
Inaugurated	January 28, 1897 (1897-01-28)
Most recent	October 25, 2010 (2010-10-25)
Next event	2020 (2020)
Website	gks.ru

A Russian census is a census of the population of Russia. Such a census has occurred at various irregular points in the history of Russia.

Introduced in 1897 during the Russian Empire, the census took place decennially since 2010 according to the UN standards. Preparing and organizing the census is under the authority of the Federal State Statistics Service, branch of the Ministry of Economic Development since 2017.

History

Year	Government	Territory (km2)	Total population	Progress	Urban population	Male population	Female population	Largest city	Ethnic Russians	Notes
1897	Russian Empire	22 440 000	125 640 021	—	16 828 395	est. 62 568 730	est. 63 071 290	Saint-Petersburg (1 264 900)	55 667 469	The first census in the Russian history. The first and only census during the Russian Empire. Excluded Finland.
1920	Soviet Russia	19 651 446	est. 136 800 000	8.9%	est. 20 900 000	—	—	—	—	Took place during the Civil War and the Soviet-Polish War. Excluded Crimea, Far East, Northern Caucasus and other territories.
1926	Soviet Union	21 176 187 (RSFSR: 19 651 446)	147 027 915 (RSFSR: 100 891 244)	7.5% (RSFSR: 26.2%)	26 314 114 (RSFSR: 17 442 655)	71 043 352 (RSFSR: 48 170 635)	75 984 563 (RSFSR: 52 720 609)	Moscow (2 025 947)	77 791 124 (RSFSR: 74 072 096)	The first full-scale census under the Soviet government.
1937		—	est. 162 000 000 (RSFSR: —)	10.2% (RSFSR: —)	—	—	—	Moscow (—)	—	Was first set to take place in 1933, but was delayed multiple times because of Joseph Stalin's politics of collectivization, forced famine and political repression has lowered the population dramatically. The only one-day census in the Russian history. Proclaimed defective by the Soviet government in September 1937.
1939		—	170 557 093 (RSFSR: 109 397 463)	5.3% (RSFSR: 8.4% since 1926)	est. 56 100 000 (RSFSR: —)	—	—	Moscow (—)	99 591 520 (RSFSR: —)	Took place instead of the 1937 census proclaimed "defective" for its low numbers that didn't satisfy Stalin.
1959		22 402 200 (RSFSR: 17 098 246)	208 826 650 (RSFSR: —)	22.4% (RSFSR: —)	100 236 792 (RSFSR: —)	—	—	Moscow (5 045 905)	114 113 579 (RSFSR: —)	The population increased dramatically after the Soviet territorial expansion after the World War II.
1970			241 720 134 (RSFSR: est. 130 079 200)	15.7% (RSFSR: 19% since 1939)	est. 135 363 275 (RSFSR: —)	est. 111 432 981 (RSFSR: —)	est. 130 287 153 (RSFSR: —)	Moscow (—)	129 015 140 (RSFSR: —)	—
1979			262 436 227 (RSFSR: est. 137 409 900)	8.6% (RSFSR: 5.6%)	est. 162 710 460 (RSFSR: —)	est. 122 557 718 (RSFSR: —)	est. 139 878 509 (RSFSR: —)	Moscow (—)	137 397 089 (RSFSR: est. 113 521 900)	—
1989			286 730 819 (RSFSR: est. 147 400 000)	9.3% (RSFSR: 7.3%)	est. 172 038 491 (RSFSR: —)	—	—	Moscow (est. 9 000 000)	145 155 489 (RSFSR: est. 120 131 000)	The last census of the Soviet Union.
2002	Russia	17 098 246	145 166 731	49.4% (compared with RSFSR: 1.5%)	est. 105 971 713	est. 67 647 697	est. 77 519 034	Moscow (—)	est. 115 843 051	The first census after the USSR collapse showed depressing decline after the demographic crisis that began to unfold in the 1990s.
2010			142 905 200	1.6%	est. 105 321 132	—	—	Moscow (est. 11 700 000)	111 016 896	—
2014	Russia Crimea	17 125 191	145 189 969	1.6%	—	—	—	Moscow (—)	—	The census of the Crimean peninsula took place after it was annexed by Russia.
current statistics (2019)	Russia		146 793 744	1.1%	—	—	—	Moscow (12 228 685)	—	—
2020			—

See also

• Demographics of Russia
• Soviet Census