International dollar
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The international dollar (int'l dollar or intl dollar, symbols Int'l$., Intl$., Int$), also known as Geary–Khamis dollar (symbols G-K$ or GK$), is a hypothetical unit of currency that has the same purchasing power parity that the U.S. dollar had in the United States at a given point in time.[1][2] It is widely used in economics and financial statistics for various purposes, most notably to determine and compare the purchasing power parity and gross domestic product of various countries and markets. The year 1990 or 2000 is often used as a benchmark year for comparisons that run through time. The unit is often abbreviated, e.g. 2000 US dollars (if the benchmark year is 2000) or 2000 Int'l$.
It is based on the twin concepts of purchasing power parities (PPP) of currencies and the international average prices of commodities. It shows how much a local currency unit is worth within the country's borders. It is used to make comparisons both between countries and over time. For example, comparing per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of various countries in international dollars, rather than based simply on exchange rates, provides a more valid measure to compare standards of living. It was proposed by Roy C. Geary in 1958 and developed by Salem Hanna Khamis between 1970 and 1972.
Figures expressed in international dollars cannot be converted to another country's currency using current market exchange rates; instead they must be converted using the country's PPP exchange rate used in the study.
Exchange rate by country
According to IMF, below is the exchange rate of International dollar to local currency of respective countries in 2018:
| Sl. No.[clarification needed] | Country | Exchange rate in 2018[3] |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Afghanistan | 19.483 |
| 2 | Albania | 42.454 |
| 3 | Algeria | 31.034 |
| 4 | Angola | 133.623 |
| 5 | Antigua and Barbuda | 1.683 |
| 6 | Argentina | 15.95 |
| 7 | Armenia | 196.873 |
| 8 | Aruba | 1.154 |
| 9 | Australia | 1.44 |
| 10 | Austria | 0.833 |
| 11 | Azerbaijan | 0.445 |
| 12 | Bahamas, The | 1.005 |
| 13 | Bahrain | 0.191 |
| 14 | Bangladesh | 31.561 |
| 15 | Barbados | 1.904 |
| 16 | Belarus | 0.642 |
| 17 | Belgium | 0.818 |
| 18 | Belize | 1.143 |
| 19 | Benin | 211.003 |
| 20 | Bhutan | 22.711 |
| 21 | Bolivia | 3.119 |
| 22 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.702 |
| 23 | Botswana | 4.531 |
| 24 | Brazil | 2.027 |
| 25 | Brunei Darussalam | 0.528 |
| 26 | Bulgaria | 0.665 |
| 27 | Burkina Faso | 200.504 |
| 28 | Burundi | 753.844 |
| 29 | Cabo Verde | 45.624 |
| 30 | Cambodia | 1399.891 |
| 31 | Cameroon | 225.503 |
| 32 | Canada | 1.207 |
| 33 | Central African Republic | 315.84 |
| 34 | Chad | 201.125 |
| 35 | Chile | 396.744 |
| 36 | China, People's Republic of | 3.499 |
| 37 | Colombia | 1314.614 |
| 38 | Comoros | 207.693 |
| 39 | Congo, Dem. Rep. of the | 976.995 |
| 40 | Congo, Republic of | 209.142 |
| 41 | Costa Rica | 393.262 |
| 42 | Croatia | 6.25 |
| 43 | Cyprus | 0.6 |
| 44 | Czech Republic | 13.45 |
| 45 | Côte d'Ivoire | 223.279 |
| 46 | Denmark | 7.356 |
| 47 | Djibouti | 93.361 |
| 48 | Dominica | 1.888 |
| 49 | Dominican Republic | 22.49 |
| 50 | Ecuador | 0.541 |
| 51 | Egypt | 3.425 |
| 52 | El Salvador | 0.488 |
| 53 | Equatorial Guinea | 255.465 |
| 54 | Eritrea | 4.865 |
| 55 | Estonia | 0.578 |
| 56 | Eswatini | 5.168 |
| 57 | Ethiopia | 10.028 |
| 58 | Fiji | 1.112 |
| 59 | Finland | 0.903 |
| 60 | France | 0.792 |
| 61 | Gabon | 247.587 |
| 62 | Gambia, The | 13.22 |
| 63 | Georgia | 0.964 |
| 64 | Germany | 0.77 |
| 65 | Ghana | 1.567 |
| 66 | Greece | 0.592 |
| 67 | Grenada | 1.846 |
| 68 | Guatemala | 4.048 |
| 69 | Guinea | 3532.387 |
| 70 | Guinea-Bissau | 235.528 |
| 71 | Guyana | 120.031 |
| 72 | Haiti | 30.474 |
| 73 | Honduras | 11.646 |
| 74 | Hong Kong SAR | 5.915 |
| 75 | Hungary | 134.826 |
| 76 | Iceland | 144.259 |
| 77 | India | 18.13 |
| 78 | Indonesia | 4240.903 |
| 79 | Iran | 17.750 |
| 80 | Iraq | 395.634 |
| 81 | Ireland | 0.833 |
| 82 | Israel | 3.943 |
| 83 | Italy | 0.732 |
| 84 | Jamaica | 73.926 |
| 85 | Japan | 98.089 |
| 86 | Jordan | 0.321 |
| 87 | Kazakhstan | 117.161 |
| 88 | Kenya | 50.041 |
| 89 | Kiribati | 1.05 |
| 90 | Korea, Republic of | 847.093 |
| 91 | Kosovo | 0.322 |
| 92 | Kuwait | 0.14 |
| 93 | Kyrgyz Republic | 22.703 |
| 94 | Lao P.D.R. | 2842.329 |
| 95 | Latvia | 0.51 |
| 96 | Lebanon | 949.423 |
| 97 | Lesotho | 5.302 |
| 98 | Liberia | 0.513 |
| 99 | Libya | 0.759 |
| 100 | Lithuania | 0.465 |
| 101 | Luxembourg | 0.919 |
| 102 | Macao SAR | 5.692 |
| 103 | Madagascar | 939.227 |
| 104 | Malawi | 213.558 |
| 105 | Malaysia | 1.427 |
| 106 | Maldives | 10.265 |
| 107 | Mali | 216.138 |
| 108 | Malta | 0.574 |
| 109 | Marshall Islands | 1.029 |
| 110 | Mauritania | 10.238 |
| 111 | Mauritius | 16.071 |
| 112 | Mexico | 9.145 |
| 113 | Micronesia, Fed. States of | 1.052 |
| 114 | Moldova | 7.337 |
| 115 | Mongolia | 736.791 |
| 116 | Montenegro | 0.387 |
| 117 | Morocco | 3.537 |
| 118 | Mozambique | 22.368 |
| 119 | Myanmar | 288.453 |
| 120 | Namibia | 7.046 |
| 121 | Nauru | 1.269 |
| 122 | Nepal | 34.978 |
| 123 | Netherlands | 0.798 |
| 124 | New Zealand | 1.483 |
| 125 | Nicaragua | 11.586 |
| 126 | Niger | 216.631 |
| 127 | Nigeria | 110.449 |
| 128 | North Macedonia | 20.231 |
| 129 | Norway | 8.919 |
| 130 | Oman | 0.152 |
| 131 | Pakistan | 30.278 |
| 132 | Palau | 1.029 |
| 133 | Panama | 0.61 |
| 134 | Papua New Guinea | 2.372 |
| 135 | Paraguay | 2538.502 |
| 136 | Peru | 1.617 |
| 137 | Philippines | 18.28 |
| 138 | Poland | 1.741 |
| 139 | Portugal | 0.612 |
| 140 | Puerto Rico | 0.802 |
| 141 | Qatar | 1.976 |
| 142 | Romania | 1.829 |
| 143 | Russian Federation | 24.572 |
| 144 | Rwanda | 296.092 |
| 145 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1.613 |
| 146 | Saint Lucia | 2.057 |
| 147 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1.659 |
| 148 | Samoa | 1.883 |
| 149 | San Marino | 0.687 |
| 150 | Saudi Arabia | 1.584 |
| 151 | Senegal | 217.987 |
| 152 | Serbia | 41.223 |
| 153 | Seychelles | 7.589 |
| 154 | Sierra Leone | 2647.673 |
| 155 | Singapore | 0.859 |
| 156 | Slovak Republic | 0.472 |
| 157 | Slovenia | 0.602 |
| 158 | Solomon Islands | 7.804 |
| 159 | Somalia | 0.391 |
| 160 | South Africa | 6.172 |
| 161 | South Sudan, Republic of | 33.285 |
| 162 | Spain | 0.648 |
| 163 | Sri Lanka | 49.561 |
| 164 | Sudan | 7.67 |
| 165 | Suriname | 2.863 |
| 166 | Sweden | 8.807 |
| 167 | Switzerland | 1.251 |
| 168 | Syria | no data |
| 169 | São Tomé and Príncipe | 12.164 |
| 170 | Taiwan Republic of China | 14.212 |
| 171 | Tajikistan | 2.206 |
| 172 | Tanzania | 722.834 |
| 173 | Thailand | 12.354 |
| 174 | Timor-Leste | 0.435 |
| 175 | Togo | 212.697 |
| 176 | Tonga | 1.738 |
| 177 | Trinidad and Tobago | 3.435 |
| 178 | Tunisia | 0.731 |
| 179 | Turkey | 1.619 |
| 180 | Turkmenistan | 1.267 |
| 181 | Tuvalu | 1.252 |
| 182 | Uganda | 1085.74 |
| 183 | Ukraine | 9.115 |
| 184 | United Arab Emirates | 2.107 |
| 185 | United Kingdom | 0.697 |
| 186 | United States | 1 |
| 187 | Uruguay | 22.553 |
| 188 | Uzbekistan | 1472.271 |
| 189 | Vanuatu | 123.395 |
| 190 | Venezuela | 6.542 |
| 191 | Vietnam | 7790.097 |
| 192 | Yemen | 195.891 |
| 193 | Zambia | 3.818 |
| 194 | Zimbabwe | 1.005 |
See also
References
- ^ "International Dollar Geary-Khamis Defined, Examples Explained". Business Case Web Site. 24 February 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
- ^ "What is an "international dollar"?". World Bank Data Help Desk. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
- ^ Implied PPP conversion rate. National currency per international dollar, IMF DataMapper
External links
- Handbook of the International Comparison Programme. Annex II – Methods of Aggregation. Statistical definition at the UN United Nations Statistics Division. 2007
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