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Mashwani

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Mashwani (Urdu: مشوانی) (also  Mishwani, Meshwani, or  Moshwani) is Arab origin Pakhtun tribe mainly settled in different South Asian countries. They are Afghans by adoption and Arabs by descent. They use Mashwani, Banuri, Ludin, Kazmi, Roghani, Mousavi as their surnames. Mashwanis played a vital role in fighting against Sikh Khalsa army and are known as heroes of their time.

Demographics

Mashwanis are mainly settled in some parts of Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran and India. [1][2][3]

Culture

Mashwanis are very friendly and are famous for hospitality. The majority of Mashwanis are Pashto speakers, hence follow Pakhtun culture and adhere to the Pakhtunwali codes. They wear pashtun traditional dress shalwar kameez. Women cover their head with a shawl while males usually wear kufi, Peshawari cap, turban, Sindhi cap or pakul as traditional headgear and Peshawari Chappal as footwear. They are Muslims and follow Islam as their religion.

Progenitor of the Mashwani Tribe

Syed Muhammad Kalan also known as Gesudaraz I (because of his long hair) was born in village Kollan of Dalgan, Sistan and Baluchistan province of Iran. He was the Prince of Persia or "Governor of Persia". He  sided  from  Iran  to Sulayman  Mountain and settled among the Afghans, and fixed his residence between the Kakar, Shirani  and Karlani . These three tribes enjoyed his blessed presence, and, learning from him the fundamental truths of Islam. The commanders of  these Pashtuns tribes (Kakar, Shirani  and Karlani) had  presented  their  daughters  to him  in  respect  of  his  family  and  mysticism. He  married  women from  each tribe  and had sons, who were known as progenitors of  these tribes. The  Arab  tribes  descended  from  Gesudaraz I sons  are  using  his  sons  titles  as  there  "surnames". Mashwani was the son of Gesudaraz I from his Kakar wife Sher Bano. Syed Muhammad Kalan (Gesu daraz I) was performing Fajr prayer when his maid came and gave him news about the birth of his son, Syed titled him "Mashwani" which means light of education or "Feather and Inkpot". Mashwani had nine sons, Tukuz, Lodin, Matakati, Suleiman, Roghani, Kazbuli, Ghareb, Khar bari, and Diaz. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][1][2][3]

Ancestor

Mashwanis are descended from the Islamic prophet Muhammad, through his daughter Syeda Fatima-tuz-Zahra and Ali Ibn-e-Abu Talib. [4][5][1][2][3]

Defeat of Hari Singh Nalwa (Sikh Khalsa Army)

Mashwanis played an active role in resistance against the Sikh invasion and occupation of the Hazara region during the 19th century. Hari Singh Nalwa, who was the was Commander-in-chief of the Sikh Khalsa Army, marched towards Srikot in1824. Where the battle between Sikh Khalasa Army and Mashwani took place. At Nara which stands at the mouth of a path leading up to Srikot, the Mashwanis and Saidkhani Utmanzais made a gallant stand, repulsed the Sikh force, which was 8,000 strong and sent it back to Haripur with a loss of 500 men. A white pillar, erected at later date by Major Abbot, and conspicuous from afar, commemorates the scene of their victory. Hari Singh himself was struck down by a stone hurled from the walls of the village and rolled into the ravine below, where he lay for a long time senseless and undiscovered. It was reported, indeed, that he was dead, but in a short time, having recovered from his wounds. [14][15]

Notable Mashwanis

  • Sheikh Syed Adam Banuri was a famous Sufi scholar in the 16th century, who was one of the forefathers Benuri tribe. Sheikh Adam Banoori wrote a book on the teaching of the Mujadddid and the Naqshbandiyya entitled Kalimatul Ma Arif, two of his other works, the Khulasatu Ma Arif and the Nikatul Asrar, were among other well-known works on Sufi teachings and on the importance of the Naqshbandiyya order. Sayed Adam Banoori was the first to spread the Mujaddid teachings in the Hijaz. He traces back his own roots to Mashwani in his own book titled "Nikatul Asrar". Muhammad Yousuf Banuri was one of his grandchildren, was also a famous Islamic scholar, founder of Jamia Uloom-ul-Islamia and former President of Wifaq ul Madaris Al-Arabia, Pakistan. A town in Karachi city was renamed as Allama Banuri town in honor of the known hadith scholar Muhammad Yousuf Banuri.
  • Pir Sabir Shah is a former chief minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and a famous Pakistani Politician.

References

  1. ^ a b c Khan, Juma (2015). Hayat-e-Mashwani. Yūnīvarsiṭī Buk Ejansī.
  2. ^ a b c Syed Yousaf, Shah (1930). Halat-e-Mashwani حالات مشوانی. Lahore: Muhammad Press.
  3. ^ a b c Shah, Umar Khitab (2014). Khitab-e-Mashwani. Karachi: Karachi.
  4. ^ a b Harwi ہروی, Nimatullah خواجہ نعمت اللہ (1613). Tarikh-i-khan jahani makhzan-i-Afghani: A complete history of the Afghans in Indo-Pak sub-continent, Volume 2, تاریخ خان جھانی مخزن افغانی. pp. 648–649.
  5. ^ a b Dorn, Bernhard (1829). History of the Afghans, , (English translation of Tarikh-i-khan jahani makhzan-i-Afghani), Volume 2,. London. pp. 56–57.
  6. ^ Henry, Walter Bellew (1862). Journal of a Political Mission to Afghanistan in 1857, Under Major Lumsden: With an Account of the Country and People. National Library of the Netherlands: Elder Smith, 1862. pp. Part 1, Chapter 2 “Afghanistan and its People”, page 64.
  7. ^ Balfour, Edward (1885). The Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia: Commercial, Industrial and Scientific, Products of the Mineral, Vegetable, and Animal Kingdoms, Useful Arts and Manufactures, Volume 2. India: B. Quartitch, 1885. p. 215.
  8. ^ Gandapur, Sher Muhammad Khan (1894). تواریخ خورشید جھاں. Lahore: Islamiya Kutab. pp. 275–309.
  9. ^ (Pakistan), Baluchistan (1979). Balochistan Through the Ages: Tribes. Nisa Traders : sole distributors Gosha-e-Adab.
  10. ^ Khān, Muḥammad Ḥayāt (1981). Afghanistan and Its Inhabitants. Sang-e-Meel Publications.
  11. ^ Bellew, Henry Walter (1978). Journal of a Political Mission to Afghanistan, in 1857, Under Major (now Colonel) Lumsden: With an Account of the Country and People. Orient Research Centre.
  12. ^ (Pakistan), Baluchistan (1907). Baluchistan District Gazetteer Series: Quetta-Pishin. printed at Bombay Education Society's Press.
  13. ^ Khalil, Malik Muhammad. Tribe Khalil & The Brighten Persons Of Khalil: Tribe Khalil, famous people of tribe khalil. AttaUrRehman.
  14. ^ Sharma, Shashikant Nishant (2014). International Journal of Research (IJR). Vol. 1. Lulu. ISBN 978-1-304-97715-1.
  15. ^ Watson, Hubert Digby (1907). Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1907. Sarhad Urdu Academy.
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