Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of North Africa

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Listed here are the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups found in various ethnic groups and populations from North Africa and Sahel (Tuaregs).

By population

Population n A/B E(xE1b1b) E-M215 F-M89 K-M9 G I J1 J2 R1a R1b Other Study
Algeria 156 0 5.7% 52.5% 3.8% 0.6% 0 0.1% 21.7% 0.6% 0.6% 9.6% 4.9% Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Algeria/Oran 102 0 7.9% 51% 0 0 0 0 22.5% 4.9% 1% 11.8% 1% Robino et al. (2008)[2]
Algeria/Algiers 35 0 2.9% 54.3% 11.8% 2.9% 0 0 22.9% 5.7% 0 0 0 Arredi et al. (2004)[3]
Algeria/Kabyles/Tizi Ouzou 16 0 0 68.75% 6.25% 0 0 0 6.25% 0 0 18.75% 0 Arredi et al. (2004)
Algeria/Mozabites 67 0 4.5% 89.6% 0 0 1.5% 0 1.5% 0 0 3% 0 Dugoujon et al. (2009)[4]
Algeria/Chaoui 218 0 4.6% 84.4% 0.5% 0.5% 0 0.5% 4.6% 0.9% 2.3% 0 1.7% Abdeli and Benhassine (2019)[5]
Tunisia 601 0.1% 1.1% 71.7% 2.6% 0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 16.6% 1.3% 0.5% 2.1% 3.7% Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Tunisia/Sousse 220 0.5% 2.3% 54.6% 0 0 0.5% 0 25.9% 8.2% 0.5% 0.9% 6.8% Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2015)[6]
Tunisia (immigrants to Italy) 52 0 0 57.7% 1.9% 1.9% 0 0 34.6% 3.8% 0 0 0 Onofri et al. (2008)
Tunisia/Bou Omrane Imazighen 40 0 5% 92.5% 2.5% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ennafaa et al. (2011)[7]
Tunisia/Bou Saad Imazighen 40 0 0 92.5% 0 0 0 0 5% 0 0 0 2.5% Ennafaa et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Jerbian Arabs 46 2.2% 0 80.4% 0 0 0 0 8.7% 2.2% 4.3% 2.2% 0 Ennafaa et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Jerbian Imazighen 47 0 0 93.6% 4.25% 2.1% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ennafaa et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Chenini–Douiret Imazighen 27 0 0 100% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)[8]
Tunisia/Sened Imazighen 35 0 0 65.7% 2.9% 0 0 0 31.4% 0 0 0 0 Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Jradou Imazighen 32 0 0 100% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Andalusian Zaghouan 32 0 0 43.7% 9.4% 0 0 0 43.8% 3.1% 0 0 0 Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Tunis 33 0 0 66.5% 6.0% 0 3.0% 0 24.2% 0 0 0 0 Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Tunis 148 0 2% 49.3% 4.7% 0.7% 0 0 32.4% 3.4% 0.7% 6.1% 0.7% Arredi et al. (2004)
Morocco 760 0.9% 6% 79% 0.2% 0 0.6% 0.1% 6.3% 1.3% 0 4.4% 0 Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Morocco 221 0 6.4% 75.9% 0.9% 1.8% 0.9% 0.5% 5% 4.1% 0 4.1% 0 Fregel et al. (2009)
Morocco/Arabs 49 0 0% 75.5% 0 0 0% 0% 10.2% 10.2% 0 0 0 Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco/Arabs 44 0 0% 63.7 0 0 0% 0% 13.6% 2.3% 0 0 0 Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco/Imazighen 64 0 6.3% 79.6% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14.1% Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco/North-Central Imazighen 55 0 12.7% 65.1% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.7% Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco/South Imazighen 35 0 2.5% 85% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.5% Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco 51 3.9% 5.9% 54.9% 0 0 0 0 19.6% 0 0 3.9% 0 Onofri et al. 2008[9]
Morocco 176 0 6.3% 66.7% 0 0 0 0 13.6% 0 0 2.8% 0 Bosch et al. 2001[10]
Morocco/Central 87 0 9.8% 62.2% 0 0 0 0 19.5% 8.5% 0 0 0 Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013)[11]
Morocco/Amizmiz Valley 33 3% 6.1% 90.8% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Alvarez et al. (2009)
Morocco/Asni Imazighen 54 0 9.3% 85.2% 0 0 0 0 1.9% 0 0 1.9% 1.9% Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Morocco/Middle Atlas Imazighen 69 2.9% 5.7% 81.1% 0 0 4.3% 0 5.8% 0 0 0 0 Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Morocco/Bouhria Imazighen 67 0 7.5% 79.1% 0 0 6.0% 0 1.5% 1.5% 4.5% 0 0 Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Sahrawi 89 0 20.2% 59.6% 0 0 0 0 20.2% 0 0 0 0 Fregel et al. (2009)
Libya 215 0 9.5% 48.5% 0 0 4.2% 0 30.5% 3.4% 0.4% 0 3.4% Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013)
Libya 175 0.60% 0.6% 44.5% 4.6% 0.6% 1.1% 2.0% 27.4% 6.9% 1.7% 5.1% 4.9% Triki-Fendri et al. (2015)[12]
Libya 83 1.3% 38.55% 53% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Egypt 360 1.3 2.9% 43.7% 1% 0.2% 5.6% 0.5% 20.8% 6.7% 2.1% 5.9% 10% Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Egypt 147 2.7% 2.7% 36.1% 0 7.5% 9.5% 0 19.7% 12.2% 3.4% 4.1% 2.1% Luis et al. (2004)[13]
Egypt/Western Desert 35 0 5.7% 62.9% 0 0 0 0 31.4% 0 0 0 0 Kujanová et al. (2009)[14]
Egypt/Siwa Imazighen 93 28.0% 6.5% 12.0% 0 0 3.2% 0 7.5% 6.5% 0 28.0% 8.3% Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Egypt(North) 44 2.3% 0 52.3% 6.8% 2.3% 0 0 9.1% 9.1% 2.3% 9.9% 6.8% Arredi et al. (2004)
Egypt(South) 29 0.0% 0 31% 17.2% 10.3% 0 3.4% 20.7% 3.4% 0 13.8% 0 Arredi et al. (2004)
Canary Islands 652 0 1.4% 14.1% 0 0 4% 9.7% 3.5% 10.4% 2.8% 50.6% 0 Fregel et al. (2009)[15]
Tuaregs from Libya 47 0 42.5% 48.9% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.4% 2.1% Ottoni et al. (2011)[16]
Tuaregs from Mali 11 0 9.1% 90.9% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pereira et al. (2011)[17]
Tuaregs from Burkina Faso 18 0 16.7% 77.8% 0 5.6% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pereira et al. (2011)
Tuaregs from Niger 18 5.6% 44.4% 16.7% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33.3% 0 Pereira et al. (2011)
Sahara-Mauritania 189 0.5% 12.7% 66.6% 0 0 0 0 13.2% 0 0 7.4 0.1% Bekada et al. (2013)[1]

By samples from country

Samples over-represent the smaller populations which are usually the subject of genetic studies [18]

Country[1] n A B E-M33 E-M2 E-M35* E-M78* E-V12 E-V32 E-V13 E-V22 E-V65 E-M81 E-M34 F G I J1 J2 K L O P,R Q R1a R1b-V88 R1b-M269 R2 T
Mauritania/Western Sahara 189 - 0.53 5.29 6.88 - - - - - - - 55.56 11.11 - - - 13.23 - - - - - - - 6.88 0.53 - -
Morocco 760 0.26 0.66 2.76 3.29 4.21 0.79 0.26 - 0.26 1.84 3.68 67.37 0.66 0.26 0.66 0.13 6.32 1.32 0.53 - - 0.26 - - 0.92 3.55 - -
Algeria 156 - - 0.64 5.13 0.64 1.92 0.64 - 0.64 1.28 1.92 44.23 1.28 3.85 - - 21.79 4.49 0.64 - - - 0.64 0.64 2.56 7.04 - -
Tunisia 601 - 0.17 0.5 0.67 1.66 - - - - 3 3.16 62.73 1.16 2.66 0.17 0.17 16.64 2.83 0.33 - - 0.33 - 0.5 1.83 0.33 - 1.16
Libya 83 - - - 38.55 - - - - 2.41 - 4.82 45.78 - - - - - - - - - 2.41 - - 6.02 - - -
Egypt 370 1.35 - 0.54 2.43 3.24 0.81 7.03 1.62 0.81 9.19 2.43 11.89 6.76 1.08 5.68 0.54 20.81 6.75 0.27 0.81 0.27 0.54 0.27 2.16 2.97 2.97 0.54 6.22

Geographic components for Y-DNA lineages

Component[19] Morocco (n=760) Algeria (n=156) Tunisia (n=601) Mauritania/Western Sahara (189) Egypt (370)
North Africa 79% 52.5% 71.7% 66.6% 43.7%
Middle East 7.6% 26.2% 19.4% 13.2% 27.5%
Europe 4.4% 9.5% 2.1% 7.4% 5.9%
West Africa 6% 5.7% 1.1% 12.1% 2.9%
East Africa 0.9% 0% 0.1% 0.5% 1.3%

See also

Notes


References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Bekada, A; Fregel, R; Cabrera, VM; Larruga, JM; Pestano, J; et al. (2013). "Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape". PLOS One. 8 (2): e56775. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...856775B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056775. PMC 3576335. PMID 23431392.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  2. ^ Robino C, Crobu F, Di Gaetano C, et al. (May 2008). "Analysis of Y-chromosomal SNP haplogroups and STR haplotypes in an Algerian population sample". International Journal of Legal Medicine. 122 (3): 251–5. doi:10.1007/s00414-007-0203-5. PMID 17909833.
  3. ^ Arredi B, Poloni ES, Paracchini S, et al. (August 2004). "A predominantly neolithic origin for Y-chromosomal DNA variation in North Africa". American Journal of Human Genetics. 75 (2): 338–45. doi:10.1086/423147. PMC 1216069. PMID 15202071.
  4. ^ Dugoujon J.M., Coudray C., Torroni A., Cruciani F., Scozzari F., Moral P., Louali N., Kossmann M. The Berber and the Berbers: Genetic and linguistic diversities. In: Become Eloquent. Edited by J.M. Hombert and F. d’Errico. Ed. John Benjamins. pp 123-146; 2009
  5. ^ Abdeli, Amine; Benhassine, Traki (March 2019). "Paternal lineage of the Berbers from Aurès in Algeria: estimate of their genetic variation". Annals of Human Biology. 46 (2): 160–168. doi:10.1080/03014460.2019.1602166. ISSN 1464-5033. PMID 30939942.
  6. ^ Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. 2015, Sousse: extreme genetic heterogeneity in North Africa, Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 60, 41–49; doi:10.1038/jhg.2014.99; published online 4 December 2014
  7. ^ Ennafaa; Fregel; Khodjet-el-khil; Gonzalez (2011), "Mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome microstructure in Tunisia", Journal of Human Genetics, 56 (10): 734–41, doi:10.1038/jhg.2011.92, PMID 21833004
  8. ^ Fadhlaoui-Zid, K., Martinez-Cruz, B., Khodjet-el-khil, H., Mendizabal, I., Benammar-Elgaaied, A. and Comas, D. (2011), Genetic structure of Tunisian ethnic groups revealed by paternal lineages. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21581
  9. ^ Onofri et al. 2008, Y-chromosome markers distribution in Northern Africa: High-resolution SNP and STR analysis in Tunisia and Morocco populations
  10. ^ Bosch et al. 2001, High-resolution analysis of humanY-chromosome variation shows a sharp discontinuity and limited gene flow between Northwestern Africa and the IberianPeninsula.
  11. ^ Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013), Genome-Wide and Paternal Diversity Reveal a Recent Origin of Human Populations in North Africa
  12. ^ Triki-Fendri et al. (2015), Paternal lineages in Libya inferred from Y-chromosome haplogroups
  13. ^ Luis, JR; Rowold, DJ; Regueiro, M; Caeiro, B; Cinnioglu, C; Roseman, C; Underhill, PA; Cavalli-Sforza, LL; Herrera, RJ (2004). "The Levant versus the Horn of Africa: evidence for bidirectional corridors of human migrations". Am J Hum Genet. 74 (3): 532–544. doi:10.1086/382286. PMC 1182266. PMID 14973781. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ Kujanová, Martina; Pereira, Luísa; Fernandes, Verónica; Pereira, Joana B.; Černý, Viktor (2009). "Near Eastern Neolithic genetic input in a small oasis of the Egyptian Western Desert". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 140 (2): 336–346. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21078. PMID 19425100.
  15. ^ Rosa Fregel; et al. (2009). "Demographic history of Canary Islands male gene-pool: replacement of native lineages by European". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 9 (1): 181. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-181. PMC 2728732. PMID 19650893.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  16. ^ Ottoni, C; Larmuseau, MH; Vanderheyden, N; Martínez-Labarga, C; Primativo, G; Biondi, G; Decorte, R; Rickards, O (May 2011). "Deep into the roots of the Libyan Tuareg: a genetic survey of their paternal heritage". Am J Phys Anthropol. 145 (1): 118–24. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21473. PMID 21312181.
  17. ^ Pereira; et al. (2010). "Linking the sub-Saharan and West Eurasian gene pools: maternal and paternal heritage of the Tuareg nomads from the African Sahel". European Journal of Human Genetics. 18 (8): 915–923. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2010.21. PMC 2987384. PMID 20234393.
  18. ^ http://thegeneticatlas.com/World_Y-DNA.htm
  19. ^ Bekada A, Fregel R, Cabrera VM, Larruga JM, Pestano J, et al. (2013) Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape" PLoS ONE 8(2) e56775. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056775, Table 2. Geographic components (%) considered in Y-chromosome and mtDNA lineages.

External links

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