1881 men's tennis season

1881 Men's Tennis tour
	William Renshaw won most titles this year
Details
Duration	23 May – 10 November
Edition	5th
Tournaments	32 (Amateur)
Categories	important (5 ); national (2) ; regional/state (10) ; county (5) ; local (10)
Achievements (singles)
Most tournament titles	William Renshaw (4)
Most tournament finals	William Renshaw (4)
	← 1880 1882 →

The 1881 Men's tennis tour ^[1]^[2] was composed of the fifth annual pre-open era tour now incorporated 32 tournaments staged in Australia, Canada, Great Britain and Ireland, and the United States. The 1881 Wimbledon Championships was won by William Renshaw. This year also saw the inaugural and important 1881 U.S. National Championships held at Newport Casino which Richard Sears had won. This was also the year that the United States National Lawn Tennis Association,^[3] which is the world's first national tennis association, was founded. Renshaw then had won two other big tournaments of the year picking up the Irish Lawn Tennis Championships and Princes Club Championships, whilst Richard Taswell Richardson wins the prestigious Northern Championships.^[4]

Calendar

Notes 1: Challenge Round: the final round of a tournament, in which the winner of a single-elimination phase faces the previous year's champion, who plays only that one match. The challenge round was used in the early history of tennis (from 1877 through 1921),^[5] in some tournaments not all.

* Indicates challenger

Notes 2:Tournaments in italics were events that were staged only onetime

Key

Important tournaments ^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]
National tournaments
State Regional tournaments
County tournaments
Local tournaments

January to April

No events

May

Date	Tournament	Winner	All Comers' Finalist	Semifinalist	Quarterfinalist
23–29 May	Irish Lawn Tennis Championships^[11] Dublin, Ireland Outdoor Grass Singles - Doubles	William Renshaw 1-6 6-4 6-3 6-1	Richard Taswell Richardson 5-7 7-5 3-6 6-4 9-7	Peter Aungier 6-1 6-3 6-0 Herbert Lawford Bye	A J Mullholland 8-6 6-3 6-3 Ernest Renshaw 6-0 0-6 9-7 6-4 Otway Woodhouse 6-8 4-6 6-3 6-3 6-4
23–29 May		Challenge round Herbert Lawford		Peter Aungier 6-1 6-3 6-0 Herbert Lawford Bye

June

Date	Tournament	Winner	Finalist	Semifinalist	Quarter finalist
1–5 June	West of England Championships ^[4] Bath, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles - Doubles	Pelham George Von Donop 5-6 6-5 6-3	John Charles Kay	John Charles Kay Bye William Norton Barry 6-5 6-0	H. C. Jenkins 6-1 6-1 H. B. Porter 6-4 6-5 Pelham George Von Donop Bye
1–5 June				John Charles Kay Bye William Norton Barry 6-5 6-0
6–12 June	Waterloo Tournament^[12] Liverpool, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles - Doubles	Richard Taswell Richardson 6-0 6-0	R W Jones	H. Blane 6-1 6-0 R W Jones Bye	W. G. Barker 6-2 6-3 T. R. Hunt 6-2 6-0 C. Phillips 6-2 6-0
6–12 June				H. Blane 6-1 6-0 R W Jones Bye	W. G. Barker 6-2 6-3 T. R. Hunt 6-2 6-0 C. Phillips 6-2 6-0
6–12 June	Princes Club Championships^[13] London, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles - Doubles	William Renshaw 7-5 4-6 6-0 6-3	Alfred John Mulholland	Herbert Lawford 6-5 3-6 6-4 6-5 Alfred John Mulholland Bye	Richard Taswell Richardson 6-5 6-4 4-6 2-6 6-4 John Charles Cole 6-1 6-0 6-0 L. G. Campbell 6-3 6-1 6-2
6–12 June				Herbert Lawford 6-5 3-6 6-4 6-5 Alfred John Mulholland Bye
20–26 June	Northern Championships^[14] Manchester, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles - Doubles	Richard Taswell Richardson 6-1 6-1 6-0	Walter Edwin Fairlie 1-6 6-4 4-6 6-3 6-3	Walter Edwin Fairlie Bye Minden Fenwick 6-3 3-6 6-2 6-5	A. L. Payne 6-5 6-3 6-3 Percival C. Fenwick 6-2 6-4 6-4 J. J. Yates 6-1 3-6 6-3 6-4
20–26 June		Challenge round John Comber		Walter Edwin Fairlie Bye Minden Fenwick 6-3 3-6 6-2 6-5

6–12 June	Essex Championships^[15] Brentwood, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles - Doubles	Dale Womerseley 6-0 6-4	Nalton Womersley	Nalton Womersley Bye Edward North Buxton 6-1 6-3	Charles Walder Grinstead 6-3 6-1 Albert Womersley 6-3 6-3 W.C. Wells 6-5 6-3 A. Fowler was absent.

July

Date	Tournament	Winner	All comers' finalist	Semifinalist	Quarterfinalist
2–13 July	Wimbledon Championship ^[16] London, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	William Renshaw 6–0, 6–1, 6–1	Richard Taswell Richardson 6-4 6-2 6-3	Herbert Lawford 1-6 6-3 6-2 5-6 6-3 Richard T Richardson Bye	GS Murray-Hill 6-1 6-1 6-0 OE Woodhouse 4-6 6-4 6-0 6-3 WH Darby 6-0 6-4 6-1
2–13 July		Challenge round John Hartley

11–17 July	Scottish Championships^[17] Edinburgh, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	John G Horn^[18] 6-1 6-5	A L Davidson Def	A L Davidson 6-2 6-3 T A Bell 6-3, 6-1	B S Cunliffe 6-2 6-2 Captain Gosling 6-2 6-1 Charles C Maconochie 6-5 4-6 6-2 Captain Sterling 6-1 6-0
11–17 July				A L Davidson 6-2 6-3 T A Bell 6-3, 6-1
15–16 July	Staffordshire Tournament^[19] Stafford, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	ENG Jonas Henry William Gardner 3-6 6-2 6-4	E. W. Burnett	? ?	? ? ? ?
15–16 July				? ?	? ? ? ?
18–24 July	Canadian National Championships ^[20] Toronto, Canada Outdoor Grass Singles	Isidore F. Hellmuth 6–2, 6–2	W.H. Young	? ?	? ? ? ?
18–24 July				? ?	? ? ? ?
18–24 July	Midland Counties Championships ^[21] Edgbaston, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	Dr. Walter W. Chamberlain 6-3 6-1 6-4	F.S. Goodwin	G.R. Brewerton ? R.W. Miller ?	G.H. Cartland ? G.J. Chamerlain ? H. Simonds ? J. Lambert ?
18–24 July				G.R. Brewerton ? R.W. Miller ?	G.H. Cartland ? G.J. Chamerlain ? H. Simonds ? J. Lambert ?
25–30 July	London Athletic Club Tournament Fulham, London, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	Frederick Lawrence Rawson 6-1 4-6 6-2 6-3	Otway Woodhouse	Edgar Lubbock 6-2 2-6 6-2 7-5 G. H. Taylor 6-3 6-1 ret	B. James 6-5 6-3 6-4 Ernest Wool Lewis 6-2 6-3 6-0 Augustus Adolphus Nepean 6-1 6-3 6-0 ?
25–30 July				Edgar Lubbock 6-2 2-6 6-2 7-5 G. H. Taylor 6-3 6-1 ret
25–31 July	Dundalk Tournament^[22] Dundalk, Ireland Outdoor Grass Singles	Robert Shaw Templer Def	K Supple	Robert Shaw Templer Bye H Graves Def	A. Edes ? Gordon Frederick Templer Walkover H. Graves Bye ? ?

August

Date	Tournament	Winner	Finalist	Semifinalist	Quarter finalist
1–6 August	1881 Darlington Tournament Darlington, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	A. Springett 6-0 4-6 6-2	Mark Fenwick	J.W. Fowler 6-2 6-5 Mark Fenwick Bye	Cecil Fullerton 6-2 6-2 Minden Fenwick 6-2 6-1 R. De Clare Yeld 5-6 6-5 6-4
1–6 August				J.W. Fowler 6-2 6-5 Mark Fenwick Bye
1–7 August	South of Ireland Championships Limerick, Ireland Outdoor Grass Singles	Edmond Bennett Brackenbury 0-6 6-3 7-5 8-6	Edward Montiford Longfield	Edward Montiford Longfield Bye Samuel Martin Gully 4-6 6-4 6-4 6-	G Burton 6-0 6-3 6-2 James F J Heffernan Considine 6-3 6-2 1-6 2-6 6-0 Major Henry H Goodeve 6-4 9-7 3-6 7-5 William Dawson Bye
1–7 August
2-6 August	County Kildare Tournament^[23] Naas, Ireland Outdoor Grass GrassSingles - Doubles	Peter Aungier ?	E.H. Bennett	Spencer Duncan Maul ? W.A. Cairnes ?	Paul Brown ? Arthur Owen ? Major Erasmus D. Borrowes ? Gilbert de Laval Willis ?
2-6 August				Spencer Duncan Maul ? W.A. Cairnes ?
1–7 August	Waterford Annual Lawn Tennis Tournament Waterford, Ireland Outdoor Grass Singles	Michael G McNamara 6-2 6-3	James Joycelyn Glascott	Michael G McNamara Bye Hercules R Langrishe 6-2 4-6 6-5	Chaloner Knox 6-3 6-3 John H Browne 6-5 1-6 6-5 Henry Hills Goodeve 6-3 6-3
1–7 August				Michael G McNamara Bye Hercules R Langrishe 6-2 4-6 6-5
8–13 August	North of Ireland Championships Belfast, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	E. J. Charley 2-1 (sets)	J.R. Bristow	A.H. Callwell 2-0 A. Eager 2-1	E.M. Charley 2-1 H.O. Lanyon 2-1 H.W. Boyce 2-0 John Taswell Richardson 2-1
8–13 August				A.H. Callwell 2-0 A. Eager 2-1
8–14 August	Downshire Tournament Belfast, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	F.L. Rawson 5-2,5-1	F.G.Gordon	J. McNeile 3-5 5-4 5-3 W. R. Young 5-4 5-2	C. L. Graham 5-1 5-0 F. St John Gordon 5-0 5-2 John H. Browne 5-2 5-1 O. B. Graham 5-1 5-1
8–14 August				J. McNeile 3-5 5-4 5-3 W. R. Young 5-4 5-2
9–12 August	Exmouth Tournament ^[24] Exmouth, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	E. W. Mancounchy 6-3 1-6 6-4	Thomas Hoare	E. W. Mancounchy Bye T.P. Hogg 6-2 1-6 6-0	E.G. Farquharson 8-6 8-6 G. F. Hampson 6-1 8-6 B. Champion Rusell 2-6 6-2 6-0 ?
9–12 August				E. W. Mancounchy Bye T.P. Hogg 6-2 1-6 6-0
9–12 August	Teignmouth Tournament ^[24] Teignmouth, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	B. Champion Russell 5-6 6-1 6-0	Charles John Cole	Charles John Cole Bye Spencer Cox Def	Arthur Bellfield Def C. Haynes Def Thomas Arembery Tombe Def ?
9–12 August				Charles John Cole Bye Spencer Cox Def
14–15 August	Maidstone Tournament Maidstone, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	Richard Mercer walkover	Mr. Stited	? ? ?	? ? ? ?
14–15 August				? ? ?	? ? ? ?
29 August-4 September	1881 Exeter Tournament ^[24] Exeter, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	Spencer Cox 6-3 7-5	B. Champion Russell	G. Batten ? George Pelham Von Donop ?	G. Batten Bye A.Belfield ? A.W. Buckingham H. B. Kindersey ?
29 August-4 September				G. Batten ? George Pelham Von Donop ?
31 August - 3 September	U.S. National Championships ^[25] Newport Casino, Newport, Rhode Island, United States Outdoor Grass Singles Doubles	Richard Sears 6-0 6-3 6-2	William Glyn	Edward H. Gray 6-3, 6-0 Richard Shaw 6-2, 6-2	Crawford Nightingale 6-3, 6-5 Edward H Gray Bye William Gammell 6-4, 4-6, 6-4 Kessler 4-6, 6-3, 6-1
31 August - 3 September		Clarence Clark Frederick Winslow Taylor 6-5 6-4 6-5	Alexander van Rensselaer Arthur Newbold	Edward H. Gray 6-3, 6-0 Richard Shaw 6-2, 6-2

September

Date	Tournament	Winner	Finalist	Semifinalist	Quarterfinalist
12–18 September	South of England Championships ^[26] Devonshire Park Lawn Tennis Club, Eastbourne, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles - Doubles	Edgar Lubbock 6-4 6-2 6-0	Robert W. Braddell	R. N. C. Coles W/O Frederick Brunning Maddison 6-1 6-1 6-4	John Charles Cole 6-4 2-6 5-6 6-5 6-5 C. Fairfax 6-1 6-1 6-1 James Leopold Maxse 6-1 6-2 6-3 C. William taylor 6-3 6-3 5-6 6-0
12–18 September				R. N. C. Coles W/O Frederick Brunning Maddison 6-1 6-1 6-4
13–17 September	Torquay Tournament^[27] Torquay, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	Ernest Maconchy ?	Thomas Arembery Tombe	Ernest Maconchy Bye C. Haynes ?	B.C. Skottowe ? G. Egerton W. Ware 6-3 6-4
13–17 September				Ernest Maconchy Bye C. Haynes ?	B.C. Skottowe ? G. Egerton W. Ware 6-3 6-4
15–17 September	St Leonards-on-Sea Tournament^[28] St Leonards-on-Sea, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	A.W. Soames 6-3 6-5 6-5	R.S. Wilson	?	?
15–17 September				?	?
19–24 September	East Gloucestershire Championships Cheltenham, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles	William Renshaw 6–0, 6–1, 6–1	Robert W. Braddell	Ernest De Sylly Browne Bye Michael G. McNamara 6-2 6-2 6-2	Michael G. McNamara Bye Henry Blane Porter 6-1 6-0 6-2 Ernest Renshaw 6-0 5-6 6-5 6-1 ?
19–24 September		Challenge round Ernest De Sylly Browne		Ernest De Sylly Browne Bye Michael G. McNamara 6-2 6-2 6-2

26 September- 2 October	Hampshire Championships ^[29] Bournemouth, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles - Doubles	Montague Hankey 6-2 6-3 6-0	J. G. Johnson	? ?	? ? ? ?
26 September- 2 October				? ?	? ? ? ?

October

Date	Tournament	Winner	Finalist	Semifinalist	Quarterfinalist
3–10 October	Armagh Tournament^[30] Armagh, Northern Ireland Outdoor Hard Singles	Robert Barron Templer 2-0 (sets)	H. Irwin 2-1	M. Blacker 2-0 E. J. Wolfe	M. Blacker Bye A. Burke 2-0br C. S. Poole 2-1 V. De. Tattersall 2-0
3–10 October		Challenge round Robert Shaw Templer		M. Blacker 2-0 E. J. Wolfe
4–10 October	Sussex County Lawn Tennis Tournament Brighton, Great Britain Outdoor Grass Singles - Doubles	Ireland Michael G. McNamara 2-6 6-2 6-0 6-1	Branfill Champion Russell	Charles John Cole W/O Charles Walder Grinstead 6-2 6-1 6-2	Humphery H. Berkley 6-5 6-1 H. Brooker 6-3 6-0 George S. Murray Hill 6-4 6-4 H. M. Nichol 6-0 6-2
4–10 October				Charles John Cole W/O Charles Walder Grinstead 6-2 6-1 6-2
24–30 October	St. George's Cricket Club Tournament New York, United States Outdoor Grass Singles - Doubles	Ireland John Jameson Cairnes 7-5 6-2 6-3	James Rankine	Charles F. Watson Sr. 6-1, 6-2 F. Ennis 6-1, 6-1	W. P. Anderson 6-4 6-3 R. J. Cross 6-2 6-3 H. Henry 6-2 1-6 6-2 James Rankine Bye
24–30 October				Charles F. Watson Sr. 6-1, 6-2 F. Ennis 6-1, 6-1

November

Date	Tournament	Winner	Finalist	Semifinalist	Quarterfinalist
4–10 November	Victorian Championships ^[31] Melbourne, Australia Outdoor Hard Singles - Doubles	Louis Australia Whyte 6-4 4-6 6-1 6-1	Francis James Highett	J. S. Conran 6-2 6-2 6-4 Francis James Highett Bye	R. H. James 6-3 6-2 6-1 W. M. Mitchell 6-0 6-4 1-6 6-3 Francis James Highett W/O
4–10 November				J. S. Conran 6-2 6-2 6-4 Francis James Highett Bye

December

No events

List of tournament winners

Note: important tournaments in bold

Richard Barron Templer -Armagh -(1)
Pelham George Dunop -Bath -(1)
E. J. Charley -Belfast -(1)
Montague Hankey -Bournemouth -(1)
Michael G. McNamara -Brighton-Waterford- (2)
Dale Womerseley-Colchester-(1)
A. Springett -Darlington -(1)
William Renshaw -Cheltenham -Dublin-London-Wimbledon- (4)
Robert Shaw Templer -Dundalk -(1)
Edgar Lubbock -Eastbourne -(1)
Dr. Walter W. Chamberlain -Edgbaston -(1)
John G. Horn - Edinburgh -(1)
Leslie Balfour-Melville -Edinburgh -(1)
Spencer Cox -Exeter -(1)
E. W. Mancounchy -Exmouth -(1)
Edmond Bennett Brackenbury -Limerick -(1)
Herbert Lawford -London -(1)
Frederick Lawrence Rawson -London-(1)
Richard Mercer-Maidstone-(1)
Richard Taswell Richardson -Waterloo-Manchester - (2)
Louis Australia Whyte -Melbourne -(1)
Peter Aungier-Naas-(1)
John Jameson Cairnes -New York -(1)
A.W. Soames-St Leonards-on-Sea-(1)
Jonas Henry William Gardner-Stafford-(1)
B. Champion Russell -Teignmouth-(1)
Ernest Maconchy-Torquay-(1)
Isidore F. Hellmuth -Toronto -(1)
Richard Sears - Newport -(1)

Rankings

Source: The Concise History of Tennis

Karoly Mazak World Rankings for 1881 ^[32]
#	Player
1	William Renshaw (ENG)
2	Herbert Lawford (ENG)
3	Richard Taswell Richardson (GBR)
4	Ernest Renshaw (ENG)
5	Ernest de S. H. Browne (Ireland)
6	Otway Woodhouse (GBR)
7	Peter Aungier (Ireland)
8	Edgar Lubbock (GBR)

References

^ "Tennis season 1881". thetennisbase.com. The Tennis Base, 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
^ Archives, Tennis. "Tournaments 1881". www.tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives, 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
^ "USTA HISTORY ARCHIVE". usta.com. USTA. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
^ ^a ^b Nauright, John; Parrish, Charles (2012). Sports around the world : history, culture, and practice. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. p. 198. ISBN 9781598843002.
^ "Abolition of Challenge Rounds". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. EVENING POST, VOLUME CIII, ISSUE 65, 20 MARCH 1922. Retrieved 6 October 2016.
^ Mazak, Karoly (2016). The Concise History of Tennis, The complete tennis history from 1877 (6th ed.). Karoly Mazak. pp. 5–11. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
^ Nauright, John; Parrish, Charles (2012). Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. p. 198. ISBN 9781598843002.
^ Gillmeister, Heiner (1998). Tennis:Cultural History. London: A&C Black. p. 199. ISBN 9780718501952.
^ Mazak, Karoly (2010). The Concise History of Tennis | The complete tennis history from 1877 (6th ed.). Karoly Mazak (Ph.D.). p. 3.
^ Lake, Robert J. (2014). A Social History of Tennis in Britain: Volume 5 of Routledge Research in Sports History. Routledge. p. 48. ISBN 9781134445578.
^ "Irish Championships 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
^ "Waterloo, Liverpool 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
^ "Prince's Club Tournament 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
^ "Championship Roll of Honour" (PDF). thenorthern.co.uk. The Northern Lawn Tennis Club. Retrieved 26 October 2016.
^ "Essex Championships 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
^ "The Championships 1881:Gentlemen's All-Comers' Singles" (PDF). wimbledon.com. All England Lawn Tennis Club. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
^ Winslow, F. L (1882). The Lawn Tennis Annual 1882. London: Frederick Warne & Co.
^ "Scottish Championships 1881 Final". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
^ "Staffordshire 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
^ Lake, J Robert (2014). A Social History of Tennis in Britain:Volume 5 of Routledge Research in Sports History. London, UK: Routledge. p. 73. ISBN 9781134445578.
^ Cole, Matt. "At the Heart of the Game:The History of Edgbaston Priory Club" (PDF). edgbastonpriory.com. Edgbaston Priory Club, Sir Harry's Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK, 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
^ "Dundalk 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
^ "County Kildare Tournament 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c Travis, John F. (1993). The rise of the Devon seaside resorts 1750-1900 (1. publ. ed.). Exeter: University of Exeter Press. p. 176. ISBN 9780859893923.
^ Stark, Douglas (2011). Tennis and the Newport Casino. Newport, Rhode Island, USA: Arcadia Pub. p. 25. ISBN 0738574821.
^ Clarke, James. "How has Eastbourne become a major part of the tennis calendar?". bbc.com. BBC, 16 June 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
^ "Torquay 1881". .tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
^ "St. Leonards-On-Sea 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
^ "Lawn Tennis". trove.nla.gov.au. National Library of Australia, The Mercury Newspaper, Hobart, Australia, 9 August 1910. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
^ "Armagh tournament draw 1881". thetennisbase.com. The Tennis Base. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
^ "Intercolonial Lawn Tennis Championships". National Library of Australia, The Argus, Melbourne, 12 November 1881. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
^ Mazak, Karoly (2010). The Concise History of Tennis. p. 9.

Sources

A Social History of Tennis in Britain: Lake, Robert J. (2014), Volume 5 of Routledge Research in Sports History. Routledge, UK, ISBN 9781134445578.
Ayre's Lawn Tennis Almanack And Tournament Guide, 1908 to 1938, A. Wallis Myers.
British Lawn Tennis and Squash Magazine, 1948 to 1967, British Lawn Tennis Ltd, UK.
Dunlop Lawn Tennis Almanack And Tournament Guide, G.P. Hughes, 1939 to 1958, Dunlop Sports Co. Ltd, UK
Lawn tennis and Badminton Magazine, 1906 to 1973, UK.
Lowe's Lawn Tennis Annuals and Compendia, Lowe, Sir F. Gordon, Eyre & Spottiswoode
Spalding's Lawn Tennis Annuals from 1885 to 1922, American Sports Pub. Co, USA.
Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice, Nauright John and Parrish Charles, (2012), ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara, Cal, US, ISBN 1598843001.
The Concise History of Tennis, Mazak Karoly, (2010), 6th Edition, 2015.
Tennis; A Cultural History, Gillmeister Heiner, (1997), Leicester University Press, Leicester, UK.
The Tennis Book, edited by Michael Bartlett and Bob Gillen, Arbor House, New York, 1981 ISBN 0-87795-344-9
The World of Tennis Annuals, Barrett John, 1970 to 2001.
Total Tennis:The Ultimate Tennis Encyclopedia, by Bud Collins, Sport Classic Books, Toronto, Canada, ISBN 0-9731443-4-3
Wright & Ditson Officially Adopted Lawn Tennis Guide's 1890 to 1920 Wright & Ditsons Publishers, Boston, Mass, USA.
http://www.tennisarchives.com/1881 Men's Tennis season
https://app.thetennisbase.com/1881 Men's Tennis season

External links

[1] "Tennis season 1881". thetennisbase.com. The Tennis Base, 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.

[2] Archives, Tennis. "Tournaments 1881". www.tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives, 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.

[3] "USTA HISTORY ARCHIVE". usta.com. USTA. Retrieved 17 July 2016.

[sports_around_world-4] Nauright, John; Parrish, Charles (2012). Sports around the world : history, culture, and practice. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. p. 198. ISBN 9781598843002.

[5] "Abolition of Challenge Rounds". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. EVENING POST, VOLUME CIII, ISSUE 65, 20 MARCH 1922. Retrieved 6 October 2016.

[6] Mazak, Karoly (2016). The Concise History of Tennis, The complete tennis history from 1877 (6th ed.). Karoly Mazak. pp. 5–11. Retrieved 9 December 2016.

[7] Nauright, John; Parrish, Charles (2012). Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. p. 198. ISBN 9781598843002.

[8] Gillmeister, Heiner (1998). Tennis:Cultural History. London: A&C Black. p. 199. ISBN 9780718501952.

[9] Mazak, Karoly (2010). The Concise History of Tennis | The complete tennis history from 1877 (6th ed.). Karoly Mazak (Ph.D.). p. 3.

[10] Lake, Robert J. (2014). A Social History of Tennis in Britain: Volume 5 of Routledge Research in Sports History. Routledge. p. 48. ISBN 9781134445578.

[11] "Irish Championships 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 28 July 2016.

[12] "Waterloo, Liverpool 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 28 July 2016.

[13] "Prince's Club Tournament 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 28 July 2016.

[14] "Championship Roll of Honour" (PDF). thenorthern.co.uk. The Northern Lawn Tennis Club. Retrieved 26 October 2016.

[15] "Essex Championships 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 27 October 2016.

[16] "The Championships 1881:Gentlemen's All-Comers' Singles" (PDF). wimbledon.com. All England Lawn Tennis Club. Retrieved 17 July 2016.

[17] Winslow, F. L (1882). The Lawn Tennis Annual 1882. London: Frederick Warne & Co.

[18] "Scottish Championships 1881 Final". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 10 August 2016.

[19] "Staffordshire 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 27 October 2016.

[20] Lake, J Robert (2014). A Social History of Tennis in Britain:Volume 5 of Routledge Research in Sports History. London, UK: Routledge. p. 73. ISBN 9781134445578.

[21] Cole, Matt. "At the Heart of the Game:The History of Edgbaston Priory Club" (PDF). edgbastonpriory.com. Edgbaston Priory Club, Sir Harry's Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK, 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2016.

[22] "Dundalk 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 29 July 2016.

[23] "County Kildare Tournament 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 27 October 2016.

[devon_seaside-24] Travis, John F. (1993). The rise of the Devon seaside resorts 1750-1900 (1. publ. ed.). Exeter: University of Exeter Press. p. 176. ISBN 9780859893923.

[25] Stark, Douglas (2011). Tennis and the Newport Casino. Newport, Rhode Island, USA: Arcadia Pub. p. 25. ISBN 0738574821.

[26] Clarke, James. "How has Eastbourne become a major part of the tennis calendar?". bbc.com. BBC, 16 June 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2016.

[27] "Torquay 1881". .tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 27 October 2016.

[28] "St. Leonards-On-Sea 1881". tennisarchives.com. Tennis Archives. Retrieved 27 October 2016.

[29] "Lawn Tennis". trove.nla.gov.au. National Library of Australia, The Mercury Newspaper, Hobart, Australia, 9 August 1910. Retrieved 18 July 2016.

[30] "Armagh tournament draw 1881". thetennisbase.com. The Tennis Base. Retrieved 29 July 2016.

[31] "Intercolonial Lawn Tennis Championships". National Library of Australia, The Argus, Melbourne, 12 November 1881. Retrieved 18 July 2016.

[32] Mazak, Karoly (2010). The Concise History of Tennis. p. 9.

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v t e Men's tennis seasons
Seasons & ILTF Circuit	1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969
ILTF Independent Tour ITF Independent Tour	1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989
National Tennis League	1968 1969
World Championship Tennis	1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978–81: not held 1982 1983 1984
ILTF Grand Prix ITF Grand Prix	1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989
ATP Tour	1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024