Chi (kana)
| chi | |||
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| transliteration | chi, ti | ||
| translit. with dakuten | ji, zi, di | ||
| hiragana origin | 知 | ||
| katakana origin | 千 | ||
| spelling kana | 千鳥のチ (Chidori no "chi") | ||
| kana gojūon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Kana modifiers and marks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Multi-syllabic kana | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ち, in hiragana, or チ in katakana, is one of the Japanese kana, which each represent one mora. Both are phonemically /ti/ although for phonological reasons, the actual pronunciation is [t͡ɕi] ⓘ.
The kanji for one thousand (千, sen), appears similar to チ, and at one time they were related, but today チ is used as phonetic, while the kanji carries an entirely unrelated meaning.
Many onomatopoeic words beginning with ち pertain to things that are small or quick.[1]
The dakuten forms ぢ, ヂ, pronounced the same as the dakuten forms of the shi kana in most dialects (see yotsugana), are uncommon. They are primarily used for indicating a voiced consonant in the middle of a compound word (see rendaku), and they can never begin a word, although some people will write the word for hemorrhoids (normally じ) as ぢ for emphasis. The dakuten form of the shi character is sometimes used when transliterating "di", as opposed to チ's dakuten form; for example, Aladdin is written as アラジン Arajin, and radio is written as ラジオ. More common, though, is to use ディ instead, such as ディオン to translate the name Dion.
In the Ainu language, チ by itself is pronounced [t͡ʃi], and can be combined with the katakana ヤ, ユ, エ, and ヨ to write the other [t͡ʃ] sounds as well as [t͡s] sounds. The combination チェ (pronounced [t͡se]), is interchangeable with セ゚.
Form variants
| Form | Rōmaji | Hiragana | Katakana | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hepburn | Kunrei-shiki | Nihon-shiki | |||
| Normal ch-/t- (た行 ta-gyō) |
chi | ti | ち | チ | |
| chii chī |
tii tī |
ちい, ちぃ ちー |
チイ, チィ チー | ||
| Addition yōon ch-/ty- (ちゃ行 cha-gyō) |
cha | tya | ちゃ | チャ | |
| chaa chā |
tyaa tyā |
ちゃあ ちゃー |
チャア チャー | ||
| chu | tyu | ちゅ | チュ | ||
| chuu chū |
tyuu tyū |
ちゅう ちゅー |
チュウ チュー | ||
| cho | tyo | ちょ | チョ | ||
| chou choo chō |
tyou tyoo tyō |
ちょう ちょお ちょー |
チョウ チョオ チョー | ||
| Addition dakuten d- (j/z-) (だ行 da-gyō) |
ji | zi | di | ぢ | ヂ |
| jii jī |
zii zī |
dii dī |
ぢい, ぢぃ ぢー |
ヂイ, ヂィ ヂー | |
| Addition yōon and dakuten dy- (j/zy-) (ぢゃ行 dya-gyō) |
ja | zya | dya | ぢゃ | ヂャ |
| jaa jā |
zyaa zyā |
dyaa dyā |
ぢゃあ ぢゃー |
ヂャア ヂャー | |
| ju | zyu | dyu | ぢゅ | ヂュ | |
| juu jū |
zyuu zyū |
dyuu dyū |
ぢゅう ぢゅー |
ヂュウ ヂュー | |
| jo | zyo | dyo | ぢょ | ヂョ | |
| jou joo jō |
zyou zyoo zyō |
dyou dyoo dyō |
ぢょう ぢょお ぢょー |
ヂョウ ヂョオ ヂョー | |
| Other additional forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Stroke order
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Other communicative representations
| Japanese radiotelephony alphabet | Wabun code |
| 千鳥のチ Chidori no "Chi" |
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| Japanese Navy Signal Flag | Japanese semaphore | Japanese manual syllabary (fingerspelling) | Braille dots-1235 Japanese Braille |
- Full Braille representation
| ち / チ in Japanese Braille | Ch/J/Dy + Yōon braille | ||||||
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| ち / チ chi |
ぢ / ヂ ji/di |
ちい / チー chī |
ぢい / ヂー jī/dī |
ちゃ / チャ cha |
ぢゃ / ヂャ ja/dya |
ちゃあ / チャー chā |
ぢゃあ / ヂャー jā/dya |
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| Ch/J/Dy + Yōon braille | |||||||
| ちゅ / チュ chu |
ぢゅ / ヂュ ju/dyu |
ちゅう / チュー chū |
ぢゅう / ヂュー jū/dyū |
ちょ / チョ cho |
ぢょ / ヂョ jo/dyo |
ちょう / チョー chō |
ぢょう / ヂョー jō/dyō |
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| Preview | ち | チ | ﾁ | ぢ | ヂ | |||||
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| Unicode name | HIRAGANA LETTER CHI | KATAKANA LETTER CHI | HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER CHI | HIRAGANA LETTER JI | KATAKANA LETTER JI | |||||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 12385 | U+3061 | 12481 | U+30C1 | 65409 | U+FF81 | 12386 | U+3062 | 12482 | U+30C2 |
| UTF-8 | 227 129 161 | E3 81 A1 | 227 131 129 | E3 83 81 | 239 190 129 | EF BE 81 | 227 129 162 | E3 81 A2 | 227 131 130 | E3 83 82 |
| Numeric character reference | ち |
ち |
チ |
チ |
ﾁ |
ﾁ |
ぢ |
ぢ |
ヂ |
ヂ |
| Shift JIS | 130 191 | 82 BF | 131 96 | 83 60 | 193 | C1 | 130 192 | 82 C0 | 131 97 | 83 61 |
See also
References
- ^ Hiroko Fukuda, Jazz Up Your Japanese with Onomatopoeia: For All Levels, trans. Tom Gally. New York: Kodansha International (2003): 19 - 20, Introduction, Words Beginning with ち Chi, Indicating Smallness or Quickness.