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A166 road

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Coordinates: 53°57′27″N 1°00′37″W / 53.9574°N 1.0103°W / 53.9574; -1.0103
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A166 shield
A166
Route information
Length24.72 mi (39.78 km)
Major junctions
West endA64/A1079/Grimston Bar[1]
Major intersections A64
A614
East endA61454°00′32″N 0°27′15″W / 54.0089°N 0.4541°W / 54.0089; -0.4541
Location
CountryUnited Kingdom
Primary
destinations		York
Road network

The A166 road is a trunk road between the outskirts of York and Driffield in the historic county of Yorkshire. The road used to terminate at the seaside town of Bridlington, until the opening of the Driffield by-pass caused the final section to be renumbered as the A614.

History

The A166 follows the path of an old Roman road from York to Stamford Bridge, where it forded the river at the place where the modern bridge is located.[2] The bridge is mentioned in Anglo-Saxon Chronicles about the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066. The road was turnpiked between York and Stone Dale as part of the York, Kexby Bridge, Grimston and Stone Dale Turnpike Trust established in 1806. A turnpike Trust had existed since 1765, but this included new maintenance provisions. The Trust lasted until 1872.[3]

There are a number of Scheduled Ancient Monuments that lay alongside the A166, most notably in the area of Garrowby Hill:

  • Kitty Hill Round Barrow[4]
  • Garrowby Hill Top Farm, three Round Barrows[5][6][7]
  • Cot Nab Farm, two Round Barrows and multiple linear dykes[8][9][10]
  • South Wold Farm, Linear Boundary Dyke, two Round Barrow[11][12][13]
  • Fordham Farm, Round Barrow[14]

In 1983, the Driffield by-pass was built and became the route of the A166, which had previously gone through the centre of the busy market town. The by-pass was renumbered in 1996 to become the A614 and thus shorten the historic old road.

In 2008, a feasibility study was carried out and proposals were put forward on behalf of the East Riding of Yorkshire Council for an alternative crossing of the River Derwent at Stamford Bridge.[15] The current Grade II listed bridge only allows for one way flow and is controlled by traffic lights. It has a record for causing peak hour delays during the working week. Alternative routes included utilising the disused York to Beverley railway line crossing downstream from the current bridge. Also adding a new structure right next to the existing bridge was put forward. Other proposals involved two routes to the north of the river, one crossing just north of the caravan site on Buttercrambe Road and the other a complete new by-pass missing the village altogether. The report concluded that the best options did not score well enough for the Regional Transport Board to take forward and should not be pursued.[16]

In 2009, the stretch of the A166 along Main Road and York Road, between the turnings for the B1248, in Wetwang was the location for the third and final intermediate sprint during that year's Tour of Britain Stage 1.[17]

Route

The road starts as an exit on the Grimston Bar interchange on the A64 on the outskirts of York. It heads north east pass the turnings for Murton, after 0.23 miles (0.37 km), Dunnington after 1.25 miles (2.01 km) and Holtby after 2 miles (3.2 km). The first settlement that lies upon the road is Gate Helmsley at 3.6 miles (5.8 km) from the start. From here the road gradually turns in an easterly direction until it is required to cross the River Derwent at Stamford Bridge, some 4.6 miles (7.4 km) from its starting point.[18]

The bridge lies north east to south west at the point where there used to be a fording point. On exiting the town, the road returns to a north east direction to follow the route of the old Roman road. At 6.4 miles (10.3 km) distance, there is a turning northward toward the hamlets of Buttercrambe and Scrayingham at which point it turns easterly again. This is closely followed by a staggered junction 0.4 miles (0.64 km) further on with an exit south towards Full Sutton and north to Skirpenbeck. There are also turnings in the next 0.5 miles (0.80 km) south to Youlthorpe and north to Bugthorpe.[18]

After 9.6 miles (15.4 km) distance the road takes a sharp turn south and then back east at the foot of Garrowby Hill. The hill is the highest point on the Yorkshire Wolds and was the subject of a painting by David Hockney. The road up the hill covers 2.4 miles (3.9 km), rising from 177 feet (54 m) to 791 feet (241 m) at an average gradient of 4.8%.[19] Part way up the hill at 10 miles (16 km) distance, is the southerly turn off toward Bishop Wilton. Shortly after this junction an emergency stopping track can be seen on the downward side of the road. Consisting of gravel and sand, this is intended for vehicles to use in the event of a mechanical problem. There are several places where the road has been widened to allow slower traffic ascending or descending to pull to the left and allow faster vehicles to pass. In the next 3 miles (4.8 km), there are junctions with the routes to Great Givendale and Pocklington to the south and Thixendale to the north. At a dip and curve in the road known as Stone Dale, the road once more goes in a north east direction.[18]

After 15.75 miles (25.35 km) distance the A166 arrives at Fridaythorpe. On exiting the village, it meets the B1251 road to Bridlington, which is designated as a Scenic Route. Travelling in an easterly direction, the road follows an ancient green lane until it reaches the village of Wetwang at 19.5 miles (31.4 km) distance. Either side of the village the road intersects the B1248 Beverley to Malton road. The road continues to Garton-on-the-Wolds at 22 miles (35 km) distance, where it is met by the B1251 heading north west to Sledmere. From here it turns south east to its junction with the A614 Driffield By-pass.[18]

Images along the A166
  • Grimston Bar junction showing A1079 and A166 exits
    Grimston Bar junction showing A1079 and A166 exits
  • Duke of York on the A166 at Gate Helmsley
    Duke of York on the A166 at Gate Helmsley
  • The road bridge at Stamford Bridge over the River Derwent
    The road bridge at Stamford Bridge over the River Derwent
  • Garrowby Hill with Emergency Stopping Track
    Garrowby Hill with Emergency Stopping Track
  • Fridaythorpe on the A166
    Fridaythorpe on the A166
  • Village pond at Wetwang
    Village pond at Wetwang
  • Garton on the Wolds
    Garton on the Wolds
  • Driffield Bypass
    Driffield Bypass

References

  1. ^ 53°57′27″N 1°00′37″W / 53.9574°N 1.0103°W / 53.9574; -1.0103
  2. ^ "Roman Road". British History Online. Retrieved 1 June 2013.
  3. ^ "Turnpike Trusts". Retrieved 1 June 2013.
  4. ^ "Kitty Hill 21187". English Heritage. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  5. ^ "Garrowby Hill Top 21079". English Heritage. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  6. ^ "Garrowby Hill Top 21081". English Heritage. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  7. ^ "Garrowby Hill Top 21080". English Heritage. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  8. ^ "Cot Nab Farm 21084". English Heritage. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  9. ^ "Cot Nab Farm 21082". English Heritage. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  10. ^ "Cot Nab Farm 26593". English Heritage. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  11. ^ "South Wold Farm 26592". English Heritage. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  12. ^ "South Wold Farm 21056". English Heritage. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  13. ^ "South Wold Farm 21055". English Heritage. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  14. ^ "Fordham Farm 21087". English Heritage. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  15. ^ "Alternative Crossing of the River Derwent Feasibility Study, A166 Stamford Bridge" (PDF). JMP Consultants Limited. Retrieved 10 May 2013.
  16. ^ "Figures and Drawings Alternative Routes Stamford Bridge" (PDF). JMP Consultants Limited. Retrieved 10 May 2013.
  17. ^ "Tour of Britain 2009". Driffield Times. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  18. ^ a b c d Ordnance Survey Open Viewer
  19. ^ Garrowby Hill Statistics
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