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American Psycho (musical)

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American Psycho
The Musical
Original London Production Poster
MusicDuncan Sheik
LyricsDuncan Sheik
BookRoberto Aguirre-Sacasa
BasisAmerican Psycho
by Bret Easton Ellis
Premiere12 December 2013 (2013-12-12): Almeida Theatre
Productions

American Psycho is a musical with music and lyrics by Duncan Sheik and a book by Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa. It is based on the controversial 1991 novel American Psycho by Bret Easton Ellis,[1] which also inspired a 2000 film of the same name, that starred Christian Bale. Set in Manhattan during the Wall Street boom of the late 1980s, American Psycho is about the daily life of Patrick Bateman, a young and wealthy investment banker who is also secretly a serial killer.

The musical received its world premiere at London's Almeida Theatre in 2013, directed by Rupert Goold and starring Doctor Who actor Matt Smith. A Broadway production began preview performances on 24 March 2016, at the Gerald Schoenfeld Theatre, directed by Goold and starring Benjamin Walker as Patrick Bateman.

Background

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The musical is based on the 1991 novel American Psycho by Bret Easton Ellis.[2] In 2008, producers David Johnson, Jesse Singer, Nate Bolotin and Aaron Ray purchased the stage rights[3] and were developing a musical adaptation of the novel to appear on Broadway.[4] In 2010, the project had rounded out the key elements. Duncan Sheik, who won a Grammy and two Tony Awards for writing the songs in the Broadway hit Spring Awakening, and playwright Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa had completed the first act.[3][5] A workshop took place in Manhattan in 2011, with Benjamin Walker playing the lead role of Patrick Bateman.[6] In April 2012, London theatre company Headlong was set to stage the musical's world premiere[7] at the Almeida Theatre during their 2012–13 season.[8] At the same time a Kickstarter campaign was launched to raise $150,000,[9] to allow them to have a live orchestra and extend the rehearsal period for the production to seven weeks.[10]

Plot

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From the 2016 Broadway production

Act I

Patrick Bateman is a 26-year-old investment banker living in New York City at the end of the 1980s. Bateman documents his morning routine, which involves fastidious grooming, tanning, and carefully selecting a designer suit, before travelling to Wall Street ("Opening (Morning Routine)"/"Selling Out"). He arrives at Pierce & Pierce, the elite bank for which he works, and is greeted by his doting secretary, Jean ("Everybody Wants to Rule the World"). He anxiously enquires about the Fisher account, an exclusive account that is highly sought after by Patrick and his colleagues. Later, Patrick has lunch with his coworkers, Tim Price, Craig McDermott, Luis Carruthers and David Van Patten. They exchange fashion tips and critique restaurants before another colleague, Paul Owen, enters. Patrick learns that Owen has secured the Fisher account as well as reservations at Dorsia, New York's most exclusive new restaurant. Absurdly jealous, Patrick attempts to save face by showing everyone his new business card, which leads Paul to show his ("Cards"). Paul mistakes Patrick as Marcus Halberstam, another coworker of Bateman's. Patrick then invites him to his birthday dinner, thrown by Evelyn Williams, his girlfriend, and Courtney Lawrence, her best friend and Luis Carruthers' girlfriend. Patrick calls Evelyn, telling her about Paul coming to the party. Evelyn hates the idea of having an odd number at her table, so Patrick also invites Jean to appease her. Evelyn, Courtney discuss their designer clothes and expensive food before the party ("You Are What You Wear").

Patrick and Tim arrive at Evelyn's townhouse late, which irritates Evelyn. Over dinner, the party blandly pontificate about social and political issues, such as homelessness, gentrification and the Sri Lankan Civil War. Patrick makes a scene by butchering his birthday cake with a huge knife he is carrying. After dinner, Patrick and Tim go to a club, where they dance and snort cocaine ("True Faith"/"Killing Time"). Suddenly overcome with despair and an awareness of the hollowness of his existence, Patrick leaves the club and angrily vows to never go clubbing again ("In the Air Tonight"). Patrick meets a homeless man on the street, offering him money and taunting him, before stabbing him to death.

At the gym, Patrick's coworkers work out and comment on the physiques of their female instructors ("Hardbody"). Meanwhile, it is revealed that Patrick is having an affair with Courtney. After having sex, Courtney ends the affair, telling a dismissive Patrick that they are betraying their respective partners. He meets his friends at the gym and attempts to strangle Luis in the steamroom. Luis interprets Patrick's actions as a sexual advance and begs him to continue; disgusted, Patrick flees. During the intermission of a showing of Les Misérables, Evelyn broaches the subject of marriage with Patrick, who is not convinced by the prospect ("If We Get Married").

Patrick heads to the Meatpacking District and picks up a prostitute named Christine, to whom he introduces himself as Paul Owen. He hires another prostitute named Sabrina and pays the two to engage in violent, sadistic sex with one another and with him ("Not a Common Man"). On Christmas Eve, Patrick waxes lyrical about Les Misérables to Jean and the two discuss their plans for the holidays. Patrick escorts his mother to Evelyn's Christmas party, where he binges on drugs and alcohol ("Mistletoe Alert"). He runs into Paul Owen at the party and invites him back to his apartment. The two dance to "Hip to Be Square". Patrick spikes Owen's drink, puts on a raincoat and begins a long one-sided analysis of the artistic and commercial merits of the band Huey Lewis and the News. After stating that "the world is better off with some people gone" (implying, at once, both himself and Owen), Patrick slaughters Owen with an axe.

Act II

Patrick takes Owen's body to an apartment he owns anonymously and dissolves it in a bathtub with a bag of lye. Afterwards, he lets himself into Paul's apartment and stages his disappearance by resetting his voicemail and packing many of his possessions into a suitcase ("Clean"). Months pass, during which Patrick murders several people ("Killing Spree"). One afternoon, Patrick's mother arrives on Wall Street expecting to have lunch with her son; Patrick, who has totally forgotten about the appointment, panics and begs Jean to get rid of her. Jean convinces Patrick to attend the lunch and offers to join the pair. Much to Jean's delight, Mrs. Bateman tells her stories about Patrick as a child, and says they would make a good couple ("Nice Thought"). Back at Pierce & Pierce, Detective Donald Kimball calls on Patrick to question him about Owen's disappearance. Uneasy, Patrick tries his hardest to evade questioning and asks Kimball to keep him updated about the manhunt. Keen to disentangle himself from New York, Patrick calls Evelyn and suggests a holiday, and so the two take a short break in the Hamptons. The idyllic setting cannot heal Patrick's psyche, however; while Evelyn flourishes amid garden parties and Pilates classes, Patrick's grasp on reality loosens further ("At the End of an Island"/"Hardbody Hamptons"). He promises Evelyn that if they return to New York he will marry her. On his return, he appropriates Paul Owen's apartment as a place to host and kill more victims, beginning with Sabrina and Christine ("I Am Back").

Luis runs into Patrick at a Barneys store and begs Patrick to run away with him. Patrick responds aggressively, assaulting and hissing at Luis. With his appetite for murder now totally unchecked, Patrick targets Jean, offering to take her to dinner at a restaurant of her choice. His sense of inferiority is piqued once again when she suggests Dorsia, where he is still unable to get reservations. Patrick gives Jean the rest of the day off and she wonders about her feelings for Patrick ("A Girl Before"). At Patrick's apartment that night, the pair discuss her hopes and aspirations. As he is preparing to murder her, Jean tells Patrick that she is in love with him; her confession causes him great distress and he implores her to leave. He leaves a long voicemail for Kimball confessing to the murder of Paul Owen and countless other people ("Clean (Reprise)").

The next morning, Jean apologises to Patrick for what happened the night before. He forgives her and tells her that he will be recommending her for a junior executive program through a company scheme. Tim Price unexpectedly arrives at Patrick's office, having been AWOL from Pierce & Pierce since Patrick's birthday. Patrick asks him where he's been; Price responds by saying that he's been in New York the whole time, but their paths haven't crossed. He also asks Patrick about Paul Owen's disappearance.

Patrick and Evelyn have their engagement party at Tunnel nightclub ("Don't You Want Me"). Patrick is noticeably ill at ease and is desperate to go to dinner. Patrick’s brother, Sean, says he is able to get reservations at Dorsia, which impresses the guests. Patrick sees Kimball at the bar and approaches him, asking him about the voicemail confession. Kimball breaks into laughter, stating that he found Patrick's 'joke' "hilarious", despite Bateman's protestations that the confessions were genuine. Kimball tells Patrick that his narrative of what happened to Owen is impossible, as Owen is in fact in London; Kimball allegedly had dinner with him there twice. The next day, Patrick goes to Paul Owen's apartment, expecting it to be full of decomposing bodies and cordoned off by the police. Instead, he finds the apartment vacant and in pristine condition; the real estate agent, Mrs Wolfe, deflects all of Patrick's questions about Paul Owen and the bodies that were left in the apartment, before asking him to leave and never return. He marries Evelyn and resigns himself to a pointless existence in which the punishment and notoriety that he craves will forever be denied him ("This Is Not an Exit").

Production history

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American Psycho began previews on 3 December 2013,[11] at the Almeida Theatre, London,[12] before holding its official opening night on 12 December,[13] with booking initially until 25 January,[14] but later extended[15] by a week to 1 February 2014, when it closed.[16] The show has a book by Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa[17] with music and lyrics by Duncan Sheik, and is directed by Rupert Goold,[18] with choreography by Lynne Page, set design by Es Devlin, lighting design by Jon Clark, costume design by Katrina Lindsay, video by Finn Ross, musical direction by David Shrubsole and sound by Paul Arditti.[19] Tickets for the world premiere production sold out.[20] Notable casting for the show included Matt Smith as Patrick Bateman, Susannah Fielding as Evelyn Williams, Jonathan Bailey as Tim Price, Ben Aldridge as Paul Owen and Lucie Jones as Victoria.[21][22] A typical London performance ran 2hrs 40mins, including one interval of 20 mins.[23]

Following its premiere production, a workshop of the musical was held in January 2015 in New York City.[24] The same year, the musical was scheduled to open in Broadway in March 2016, following previews from February 19, at a yet unknown Shubert theater.[25] Lead casting would include Benjamin Walker in the lead role of Patrick Bateman,[26] reprising his role from the 2011 workshop.[27] The musical had a preview performances at the Gerald Schoenfeld Theatre on March 24, 2016.[28][29] Tony Award winner Alice Ripley joined the cast as Patrick Bateman's mother and Mrs. Wolfe, along with Tony Award nominee Jennifer Damiano as Jean, and Heléne Yorke as Evelyn Williams. Damiano previously worked with Sheik in the original production of Spring Awakening on Broadway, as well as with co-starring opposite Ripley as Mother and Daughter in the original production of Next to Normal.

The musical had a closing date of June 5, 2016, for the Broadway production, after 27 previews and 54 regular performances.[30]

The Australian premiere production opened at the Hayes Theatre in Sydney on May 10, 2019, and played until June 14, completely selling out their season. This production was directed by Alex Berlage and starred Ben Gerrard as Patrick Bateman.[31] The production received nine Sydney Theatre Awards, and transferred to the Sydney Opera House's Playhouse for a season in June 2021 before a limited Australian tour.[32][33]

The Chicago premiere production opened at the Chopin Theatre on September 29, 2023, and played until December 10, after completely selling out the run of 9 previews and 45 regular performances. This production was directed by Derek Van Barham and starred Kyle Patrick as Patrick Bateman.[34] The production received four Joseph Jefferson awards, including Best Musical, Best Director, and Best Principal Performer.[35]

The Washington, D.C. area premiere production opened at Monumental Theatre Company on June 28, 2024, and ran through July 28. This production was directed by Michael Windsor, with Music Direction by Marika Countouris and starred Helen Hayes Award winner Kyle Dalsimer as Patrick Bateman. Once again, the production was re-imagined, this time with an immersive experience in a black box theater, where the theatre is transformed to feel like a New York City club in the 1980s, with seating on three of four sides and an open bar throughout the performance.

Musical numbers

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Sheik's music, as presented in London, was an entirely electronic score, with extracts from 1980s songs in-between.[36] The London cast album was released in March 2016.[37]

London

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Broadway

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Principal roles and cast members

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Character Original London
2013[22][40] 		Off Broadway Lab
2015[41] 		Original Broadway
2016[42] 		Original Chicago
2023[43] 		Original D.C.
2024[44]
Patrick Bateman Matt Smith[45] Benjamin Walker Kyle Patrick Kyle Dalsimer
Paul Owen Ben Aldridge Roe Hartrampf Drew Moerlein John Drea Noah Mutterperl
Vanden — — Krystina Alabado Hailey Brisard Sydne Lyons
Craig McDermott / ATM / Tom Cruise Charlie Anson Drew Gehling Alex Michael Stoll Jonathan Allsop Stephen Russell Murray
Tim Price Jonathan Bailey Theo Stockman Will Lidke RJ Pavel
Courtney Lawrence Katie Brayben Heléne Yorke Morgan Weed Danielle Smith Sarah Stewart
Jean Cassandra Compton Jennifer Damiano Sonia Goldberg Kaeli Patchen
Sabrina / Video Store Clerk Holly Dale Spencer Angel Reda Ericka Hunter Emily Holland Jessica Barraclough
Evelyn Williams Susannah Fielding Zosia Mamet Heléne Yorke Caleigh Pan-Kita Jordyn Taylor
Detective Donald Kimball Simon Gregor Jeb Brown Keith Randolph Smith Ryan Armstrong Noah Mutterperl
Christine / Hardbody Waitress / Hardbody Trainer Holly James Sydney Morton Holly James Quinn Simmons Valerie Nagel
Victoria / Hardbody Bartender Lucie Jones Krystina Alabado Anna Eilinsfeld Anna Seibert Sydne Lyons
Sean Bateman / Security Guard / Dorsia Host Tom Kay Nick Bailey Jason Hite Kevin Parras Jeremy Allen Crawford
Patrick's Mother / Mrs Wolfe / Svetlana Gillian Kirkpatrick Isabel Keating Alice Ripley Amber Dow Sydne Lyons
David Van Patten Eugene McCoy Wallace Smith Dave Thomas Brown Evan B. Smith Carson Young
Luis Carruthers Hugh Skinner Wesley Taylor Jordan Dean Quinn Kelch Jeremy Allen Crawford

Critical reception

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The London production of American Psycho received mixed to positive reviews from critics.[46][47] Easton Ellis is noted to have seen the Broadway production and "enjoyed it, spending the entire opening week promoting the show."[48] Aguirre-Sacasa saw the Chicago production and "had a bloody excellent time."[49] Both Sheik and Aguirre-Sacasa gave rave reviews to the D.C. production, with Aguirre-Sacasa sharing on his Instagram that “It IS the goriest version I’ve seen to date, but also one of the most cohesive, rigorous, and well sung … 100% commitment from this young, fearless cast, led by (Kyle Dalsimer’s) unhinged Patrick Bateman and (Michael Windsor’s) bravura directing.”[50] The Washington Post lauded the show as “Undeniably Disturbing.”[51]

Awards and nominations

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Year Award Ceremony Category Nominee Result
2016 Tony Award Best Scenic Design in a Musical Es Devlin and Finn Ross Nominated
Best Lighting Design of a Musical Justin Townsend Nominated
Drama Desk Award Outstanding Actor in a Musical Benjamin Walker Nominated
Outstanding Director of a Musical Rupert Goold Nominated
Outstanding Choreography Lynne Page Nominated
Outstanding Scenic Design of a Musical Es Devlin Nominated
Outstanding Costume Design of a Musical Katrina Lindsay Nominated
Outstanding Lighting Design for a Musical Justin Townsend Won
Outstanding Projection Design Finn Ross Won
Outstanding Sound Design in a Musical Dan Moses Schreier Won
Drama League Award Outstanding Production of a Broadway or Off-Broadway Musical Nominated
Distinguished Performance Award Benjamin Walker Nominated
Outer Critics Circle Award Outstanding New Broadway Musical Nominated
Outstanding New Score (Broadway or off-Broadway) Duncan Sheik Nominated
Outstanding Director of a Musical Rupert Goold Nominated
Outstanding Actor in a Musical Benjamin Walker Nominated
Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical Heléne Yorke Nominated
Outstanding Costume Design (Play or Musical) Katrina Lindsay Nominated
Outstanding Lighting Design (Play or Musical) Justin Townsend Won
Outstanding Projection Design (Play or Musical) Finn Ross Won
[edit]

In 2022, an amateur production of the musical is the focus of the sixth-season episode titled "Chapter One Hundred and Twelve: American Psychos" in Riverdale, a series created by Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa.[52]

References

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  1. ^ "Doctor Who's Matt Smith regenerates into a psycho banker". standard.co.uk. London Evening Standard. 7 October 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  2. ^ Wyatt, Daisy (7 October 2013). "Matt Smith lands role as Patrick Bateman in American Psycho musical". The Independent. London, England: Independent Print Ltd. Archived from the original on 2013-10-08. Retrieved 15 December 2013.
  3. ^ a b Schram, Jamie (6 December 2010). "'American Psycho' musical in the works". New York Post. New York City: News Corp. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  4. ^ Goldstein, Gregg (September 24, 2008). "Killer tunes: 'Psycho' has B'way hopes". The Hollywood Reporter. Los Angeles, California: Eldridge Industries. Retrieved April 9, 2016.
  5. ^ Spines, Christine (7 December 2010). "American Psycho the Musical: There Will Be Blood!". Signature Reads. Archived from the original on 23 April 2016. Retrieved 2016-04-05.
  6. ^ Gerard, Jeremy (April 21, 2016). "Benjamin Walker is Ripped And Ripper In 'American Psycho' – Broadway Review". Deadline Hollywood. Los Angeles, California. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
  7. ^ Levine, Nick (22 April 2013). "'American Psycho' musical to premiere in London this December". NME. Time Inc. UK. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
  8. ^ Waters, Florence (23 April 2012). "American Psycho the musical". telegraph.co.uk. London: The Telegraph. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  9. ^ Lopez, Linette (May 6, 2013). "There's A Kickstarter For 'American Psycho The Musical'". Business Insider. New York City: Axel Springer SE. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
  10. ^ "Patrick Bateman LIVE on stage! Bring a raincoat". kickstarter.com. Kickstarter. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
  11. ^ Hetrick, Adam (December 3, 2013). "Duncan Sheik-Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa Musical American Psycho Premieres in London Dec. 3". Playbill. New York City: Playbill, Inc. Retrieved December 3, 2013.
  12. ^ Lachno, James (7 October 2013). "Matt Smith swaps Doctor Who for American Psycho". The Telegraph. London, England: Telegraph Media Group. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  13. ^ "Dates". almeida.co.uk. Almeida Theatre. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  14. ^ McNally, Kelby (7 October 2013). "Doctor Who star Matt Smith cast as Patrick Bateman in American Psycho musical". express.co.uk. Daily Express. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  15. ^ "Last chance to get tickets to the 'American Psycho' musical". timeout.com. Time Out. 6 December 2013. Archived from the original on 8 December 2013. Retrieved 9 December 2013.
  16. ^ Hetrick, Adam (February 1, 2014). "London World Premiere of American Psycho Ends Feb. 1". Playbill. New York City: Playbill, Inc. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
  17. ^ "'American Psycho' musical to premiere in London this December". New York Daily News. April 20, 2012. Retrieved October 7, 2013.
  18. ^ Kennedy, Mark (April 19, 2013). "Musical of 'American Psycho' to debut in London with songs by Duncan Sheik". Times-Colonist. Victoria, British Columbia, Canada: TC Publication Limited Partnership. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
  19. ^ Bannister, Rosie (7 October 2013). "Matt Smith makes musical debut with Almeida's American Psycho". WhatsOnStage. London, England: WhatsOnStage Limited. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  20. ^ Hetrick, Adam (December 16, 2013). "London Premiere of American Psycho Musical Is Sold Out". Playbill. Playbill, Inc. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
  21. ^ Trueman, Matt (7 October 2013). "Doctor Who's Matt Smith set to regenerate … as American Psycho". The Guardian. London, England. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  22. ^ a b "American Psycho Cast". almeida.co.uk. Almeida Theatre. Archived from the original on 25 April 2015. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  23. ^ "American Psycho A new musical thriller". almeida.co.uk. Almeida Theatre. Archived from the original on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 8 December 2013.
  24. ^ Hetrick, Adam; Gioia, Michael (April 2, 2015). "Broadway, Get Ready for a Bloodbath – American Psycho Musical Targeting 2016". Playbill. New York City: Playbill Inc. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
  25. ^ Heller, Scott (July 23, 2015). "Benjamin Walker To Star in 'American Psycho' on Broadway". The New York Times. New York City. Retrieved September 7, 2015.
  26. ^ "'American Psycho' Musical Headed to Broadway". The Hollywood Reporter. Los Angeles, California: Eldridge Industries. July 23, 2015. Retrieved September 7, 2015.
  27. ^ Hetrick, Adam (September 27, 2011). "EXCLUSIVE: Benjamin Walker and Reeve Carney Part of American Psycho Musical Workshop". Playbill. New York City: Playbill Inc. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
  28. ^ Viagas, Robert; Gans, Andrew (September 30, 2015). "American Psycho Musical Finds a Theatre and Pushes Back Broadway Dates". Playbill. New York City: Playbill, Inc. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
  29. ^ Cox, Gordon (September 30, 2015). "'American Psycho' Musical, Starring Benjamin Walker, Nabs Broadway Theater". Variety. Los Angeles, California: Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
  30. ^ Viagas, Robert (May 26, 2016). "American Psycho Sets Broadway Closing". Playbill. New York City: Playbill, Inc. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
  31. ^ "American Psycho The Musical". Hayes Theatre Co.
  32. ^ Moran, Robert (2021-04-04). "Blood-splattering theatrics: the unlikely stage hit heading back to Sydney". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 2021-06-10.
  33. ^ Jones, Deborah (June 9, 2021). "American Psycho: The Musical ★★★★". Limelight. Retrieved 2021-06-10.
  34. ^ "American Psycho". 2023-06-01. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  35. ^ "THE JEFF AWARDS ANNOUNCES THE 50th ANNIVERSARY AWARDS FOR NON-EQUITY THEATER". us19.campaign-archive.com. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  36. ^ Morning Routine, Patrick Bateman. "'American Psycho' Morning Routine". The Hustlers Project. New York City: Wenner.
  37. ^ Gans, Andrew (March 25, 2016). "London Cast Recording of American Psycho Arrives Today". Playbill. New York City: Playbill, Inc. Retrieved April 1, 2016.
  38. ^ a b "American Psycho". Almedia Theatre Programme: 4. December 2013.
  39. ^ a b "American Psycho". ibdb.com. Internet Broadway Database. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
  40. ^ "American Psycho". Almedia Theatre Programme: 36–41. December 2013.
  41. ^ Gioia, Michael (January 14, 2016). "Benjamin Walker, Zosia Mamet, Jennifer Damiano, Isabel Keating, Wesley Taylor Among Lab Cast of American Psycho Musical". Playbill. Retrieved May 14, 2016.
  42. ^ Lloyd Webber, Imogen (January 2, 2016). "Drew Moerlein & More Will Complete the Cast of American Psycho; Opening Night Date Set". Broadway.com. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
  43. ^ "American Psycho The Musical Program". 2022-07-21. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  44. ^ "American Psycho The Musical Program". 2024-05-29. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  45. ^ "Matt Smith cast in American Psycho musical". bbc.co.uk/news. BBC News. 7 October 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  46. ^ "Matt Smith's American Psycho carves up theatre critics". Daily Express. London, England: Northern and Shell Media. 13 December 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
  47. ^ Geoghegan, Kev (13 December 2013). "Critics in two minds over Matt Smith's American Psycho musical". bbc.co.uk/news. BBC News. Retrieved 13 December 2013.
  48. ^ American Psycho: The Musical That Got Chopped Too Soon, retrieved 2023-11-09
  49. ^ "Instagram". www.instagram.com. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  50. ^ "Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa Instagram". www.instagram.com. July 19, 2024. Retrieved 2024-07-19.
  51. ^ "Review | The 'American Psycho' musical, now with a blood 'splash zone'". Washington Post. 2024-07-03. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2024-07-19.
  52. ^ Nemetz, Dave (April 9, 2022). "Riverdale: Kiernan Shipka to Return as Sabrina – Plus, Season 6's Musical Episode Will Tackle American Psycho". TVLine. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
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