Ampelocissus martini
| Ampelocissus martini | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Vitales |
| Family: | Vitaceae |
| Genus: | Ampelocissus |
| Species: | A. martini
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| Binomial name | |
| Ampelocissus martini | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Ampelocissus martini is a species of climber or shrub in the Vitaceae family. Some sources use the spelling Ampelocissus martinii.[2] It is native to an area of Mainland Southeast Asia. The fruit are eaten by people and by several species of Pangasiidae shark catfish of the Mekong river.
Taxonomy[edit]
Chloroplast DNA analysis indicates that A. martini is in a clade with sisters Ampelocissus elephantina and Ampelocissus latifolia.[3]
The species was named by the French botanist Jules Émile Planchon (1823-88), a longstanding academic at University of Montpellier. The work Planchon carried out included much on the Vitaceae family, and other vines. This name was published in 1884 in the journal Vigne Americaine et La Viticulture en Europe (Paris & Mâcon, also known as Journ. Vigne Am.)[4][1]
Description[edit]
A climber or shrub.[5] Some of the distinguishing characteristics of this species of Ampelocissus are leaves that are simple but sometimes lobed; arachnoid hairs on stems and petioles along with dark erect glandular hairs; pyramidal or elongated compact inflorescence, longer than wide, absent pedicels, or less than 1mm long; the flowers are either sessile or with less than 0.4mm long pedicels.[6] It flowers in July and August in Cambodia, with fruiting occurring in September and October and leaves present from May to November.[7]
Distribution[edit]
The species is native to an area within Mainland Southeast Asia.[1] Countries and regions that it occurs in are: Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia); Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam; Laos.
Habitat & ecology[edit]
Prefers sunny exposure, often in mixed stands with Ampelocissus arachnoidea.[5]
Doi Khun Tan National Park is in northern Thailand, among the ecocommunities occurring there are areas of the original lowland forest, deciduous forest with bamboo, dominated by Tectona grandis and growing at 325 to 850m elevation. Deciduous perennial vines are common, they include A. martini, and are regarded as distinct from the thicker liana taxa.[8]
The community-protected forest Khok Bung Preu (Dan Khun Thot District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, northeast Thailand) is a remnant lowland deciduous forest, where the most common trees are Sindora siamensis, Xylia xylocarpa var. kerrii, Erythrophleum succirubrum, and Bauhinia saccocalyx.[9] The forest is used by the local communities to gather wild plants, including A. martini. The forest protection has occurred in the face of violence.
The climber grows in the forest along the Mekong river in Kratie and Steung Treng Provinces, Cambodia.[7] It is moderately abundant in the deciduous forest with bamboo formation and in degraded areas, on soils derived from metamorphic sandstone bedrock, at 25-30m altitude.
The catfish Pangasius conchophilus and Pangasius polyuranodon of the Mekong river in southern Laos eat the fruit of the species.[10] The fish are able to obtain access to the seasonally flooded forests surrounding the river.
Vernacular names[edit]
- som kung (Thai language[11]
- ส้มกุ้ง (Thai name)[12]
- tumpèang ba:y chu:(r) préi (="wild grape", préi="wild", Khmer language)[5]
- sam hong (Vietnamese language)[13]
- kheua koi (kheua=generic name for vines, Lao language)[10]
Uses[edit]
The fruit is eaten, including, in Cambodia, unripe with salt.[5] The root is regarded as having therapeutic properties against sexual diseases. In Vietnam the root has been recorded as being used as a tonic.[13] In Thailand, the food use and use as traditional medicine is also recorded.[11] Thai traditional medicine use includes the leaf for asthma cures, the vine as a mild laxative and cough remedy, and the root to treat bruises and coughs.[14] In the Isan region, the bark and roots are used to treat swelling. The plant has been shown to contain bioactive substances, though there is no solid evidence that any part is efficacious against any disease.
In the community forest of Khok Bung Preu (northeast Thailand), the wild fruit are one of a number of non-timber forest products gathered by the local people, mainly for sale, with no limit on quantities harvested.[9]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d "Ampelocissus martini Planch". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ Trias-Blasi, Anna; Parnell, John A.N.; Watson, Mark F. (2017). "Nomenclatural notes on species of Asian Vitaceae". Taxon. 66 (3, June): 718–733. doi:10.12705/663.12. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
- ^ Wen, Jun; Lu, Limin; Boggan, John K. (2013). "Diversity and Evolution of Vitaceae in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Journal of Science. 142: 223–244. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ "Ampelocissus martini Planch., Journ. Vigne Am. viii. 376 (1884)". International Plant Name Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ a b c d Pauline Dy Phon (2000). Plants Utilised In Cambodia/Plantes utilisées au Cambodge. Phnom Penh: Imprimerie Olympic. pp. 14, 15.
- ^ Trias-Blasi, Anna; Watson, Mark F.; Chayamarit, Kongkanda; Parnell, John A. N. (2015). "Typification of two newly recorded species of Ampelocissus (Vitaceae) for Thailand". Phytotaxa. 212 (2): 149–156. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.212.2.4. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
- ^ a b Maxwell, James F. (2009). "Vegetation and vascular flora of the Mekong River, Kratie and Steung Treng Provinces, Cambodia" (PDF). Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology. 3 (1): 143–211. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
- ^ Maxwell, J.F.; Elliott, S.; Palee, P.; Anusarnsunthorn, V. (1995). "The vegetation of Doi Khuntan National Park, Lamphun-Lampang Provinces, Thailand" (PDF). Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 43: 185–204. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ a b Kabir, Md. Enamul; Webb, Edward L. (2006). "Saving a forest: the composition and structure of a deciduous forest under community management in northeast Thailand" (PDF). Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 54 (2): 239–260. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ a b Baird, Ian G. (2007). "Fishes and forests: the importance of seasonally flooded riverine habitate for Mekong river fish feeding" (PDF). Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 55 (1): 121–148. Retrieved 3 April 2021.[dead link]
- ^ a b Kabir, Md. E.; Webb, E. L. (2008). "Community in Conservation: a Case from a Deciduous Forest under Community Management in Northeast Thailand". Proceedings of the FORTROP II: Tropical Forestry Change in a Changing World, 17-20 November 2008, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand (PDF). pp. 97–118. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ Kachenchart, B.; Kosakul, T.; Artchawakom, T. "Phenology of Edible Plants at Sakaerat Forest". Proceedings of the FORTROP II: Tropical Forestry Change in a Changing World, 17-20 November 2008, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand (PDF). Retrieved 4 April 2021.
- ^ a b Ueda, Jun-ya; with seven others (2002). "Antiproliferative Activity of Vietnamese Medicinal Plants". Biol. Pharm. Bull. 25 (6, June): 753–760. doi:10.1248/bpb.25.753. PMID 12081142. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ Vittayaa, Luksamee; with four others (2019). "Effect of total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Ampelocissus martini on radical scavenging and antibacterial activities". Agr. Nat. Resour. 53: 154–160. doi:10.34044/j.anres.2019.53.2.09. S2CID 242913225. Retrieved 3 April 2021.