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Bağlarbaşı, Midyat

Coordinates: 37°27′18″N 41°27′32″E / 37.455°N 41.459°E / 37.455; 41.459
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Bağlarbaşı
Neighbourhood
Bağlarbaşı is located in Turkey
Bağlarbaşı
Bağlarbaşı
Location in Turkey
Coordinates: 37°27′18″N 41°27′32″E / 37.455°N 41.459°E / 37.455; 41.459
CountryTurkey
ProvinceMardin
DistrictMidyat
Population
 (2021)[1]
401
Time zoneUTC+3 (TRT)

Bağlarbaşı (Kurdish: Arnas; Syriac: ܥܪܢܐܣ, romanized: Urnus)[2][nb 1] is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Midyat, Mardin Province in Turkey.[5] The village is populated by Assyrians and by Kurds of the Arnas tribe and had a population of 401 in 2021.[1][6] It is located in the historic region of Tur Abdin.[7]

In the village, there is a church of Mar Basus and Mar Cyriacus.[8]

History

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A church was constructed at Urnus (today called Bağlarbaşı) by Emperor Anastasius I Dicorus (r. 491–518) and designed by the architects Theodosius and Theodorus according to a manuscript dated to 1592, however the historian Andrew Palmer argues this was fabricated to add historicity.[9] The Church of Mar Basus and Mar Cyriacus at Urnus, also called simply the Church of Mar Cyriacus, was probably constructed in the late seventh century AD.[10] It was built by 761/762 (AG 1072) at the latest as indicated by an inscription at the church commemorating the construction of a templon screen by the priest Elijah in that year.[11] The monk-priest Yusuf (Joseph) of Urnus, son of the priest Ṣaliba, was a reputable calligrapher (fl. 1457–1459).[12]

The entirety of the church's northern wall, including the arcade, and most of the vault was rebuilt in 1591/1592 (AG 1903) by maqdisi Yusuf, son of Emmanuel and the priest Habil (Abel) and his son Jaladi.[13] Cyril Denha of Urnus was ordained as a bishop by Ignatius Habib, Patriarch of Tur Abdin (r. 1674–1707).[14] Ignatius Denha, Patriarch of Tur Abdin (r. 1707–1725), was from Urnus.[15] Basilius Denha Baltaji, Maphrian of Tur Abdin (r. 1740–1779), was born at Urnus.[16] Cyril Jacob of Urnus was ordained as a metropolitan bishop of the patriarchal office by Ignatius Barsoum, Patriarch of Tur Abdin (r. 1740–1791).[17] Cyril Jacob Mirijan of Urnus was metropolitan bishop of Midyat in 1783–1804.[18] Ignatius Yusuf of Urnus was an illegitimate patriarch of Tur Abdin in 1805–1834.[19] The monk ‘Abd al-Masih of Urnus was superior of the Mor Hananyo Monastery in 1905–1906.[20]

In 1914, the village was inhabited by 350 Assyrians, according to the list presented to the Paris Peace Conference by the Assyro-Chaldean delegation.[21] There were 70 Assyrian families in 1915.[22] Most of the Christians at Urnus adhered to the Syriac Orthodox Church although there were ten Protestant families.[23] It served as the residence of the chief of the Dakshuri tribal confederation, Osman Tammero.[24] The Dakshuri confederation included the Arnas tribe, which consisted of both Assyrians and Kurds.[25] Kurds likely constituted the majority of the village's population.[23] Amidst the Sayfo, upon learning of the massacre at Saleh and hearing gunshots from Midyat, Assyrians at Urnus opted to take refuge at ‘Ayn-Wardo and managed to force themselves past Kurds who attempted to stop them, whilst 23 Assyrian men who remained were murdered the next day.[23] A few Assyrians who attempted to return to the village were shot.[26]

The population of the village was 984 in 1960.[27] There were 390 Turoyo-speaking Christians in 63 families in 1966.[27] The Assyrians at Urnus emigrated to Germany in the second half of the 20th century.[28] By 1987, there were 20 Assyrian families.[22] The final Christian left the village in 1991.[28]

References

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Notes

  1. ^ Alternatively transliterated as ʿArdnas, ‘Arnes, Azbas, Urdnas, Urdnus, or ‘Urnes.[3] Nisba: ‘Urnōsōyo or ‘Urdnusoyo.[4]

Citations

  1. ^ a b "31 ARALIK 2021 TARİHLİ ADRESE DAYALI NÜFUS KAYIT SİSTEMİ (ADNKS) SONUÇLARI" (XLS). TÜİK (in Turkish). Retrieved 16 December 2022.
  2. ^ Carlson, Thomas A. (9 December 2016). "ʿArdnas - ܥܪܢܐܣ". The Syriac Gazetteer. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  3. ^ Courtois (2004), p. 226; Barsoum (2008b), p. 16; Keser-Kayaalp (2019), p. 185; Gaunt (2006), p. 377; Jongerden & Verheij (2012), p. 321; Bcheiry (2019), p. 57.
  4. ^ Ritter (1967), p. 12; Birol (2017), p. 160.
  5. ^ "Türkiye Mülki İdare Bölümleri Envanteri". T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı (in Turkish). Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  6. ^ Tan (2018), p. 177.
  7. ^ Barsoum (2003), p. 559.
  8. ^ Barsoum (2008b), p. 17.
  9. ^ Palmer (1990), p. 52; Barsoum (2008a), p. 20.
  10. ^ Sinclair (1989), p. 249; Barsoum (2008b), p. 17.
  11. ^ Palmer (1990), pp. 194, 209; Keser-Kayaalp (2019), p. 187.
  12. ^ Barsoum (2003), pp. 21, 546; Barsoum (2008b), p. 110.
  13. ^ Sinclair (1989), p. 249; Barsoum (2008b), p. 90.
  14. ^ Barsoum (2008b), p. 50.
  15. ^ Barsoum (2008b), p. 45.
  16. ^ Barsoum (2008b), p. 46; Barsoum (2009), p. 21.
  17. ^ Barsoum (2008b), pp. 50–51.
  18. ^ Barsoum (2008b), p. 37.
  19. ^ Barsoum (2008b), pp. 45–46.
  20. ^ Barsoum (2008a), p. 43.
  21. ^ Gaunt (2006), p. 427.
  22. ^ a b Courtois (2004), p. 226.
  23. ^ a b c Gaunt (2006), p. 201.
  24. ^ Gaunt (2006), pp. 187, 201.
  25. ^ Gaunt (2006), p. 187.
  26. ^ Gaunt (2006), p. 205.
  27. ^ a b Ritter (1967), p. 12.
  28. ^ a b Courtois (2013), p. 149.

Bibliography

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