Cebidae

Cebidae; Temporal range: Late Oligocene[citation needed] to present
	White-headed Capuchin (Cebus capucinus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Primates
Suborder:	Haplorrhini
Infraorder:	Simiiformes
Parvorder:	Platyrrhini
Family:	Cebidae; Bonaparte, 1831
Type genus
	Cebus;
Genera
	Cebus; Saimiri; Sapajus

The Cebidae is one of the five families of New World monkeys now recognised. It includes the capuchin monkeys and squirrel monkeys.^[2] These species are found throughout tropical and subtropical South and Central America.

Characteristics

Cebid monkeys are arboreal animals that only rarely travel on the ground. They are generally small monkeys, ranging in size up to that of the Brown Capuchin, with a body length of 33 to 56 cm, and a weight of 2.5 to 3.9 kilograms. They are somewhat variable in form and coloration, but all have the wide, flat, noses typical of New World Monkeys. They are different from marmosets as they have additional molar tooth and a prehensile tail. ^[3]

They are omnivorous, mostly eating fruit and insects, although the proportions of these foods vary greatly between species. They have the dental formula:2.1.3.2-32.1.3.2-3

Females give birth to one or two young after a gestation period of between 130 and 170 days, depending on species. They are social animals, living in groups of between five and forty individuals, with the smaller species typically forming larger groups. They are generally diurnal in habit.^[4]

Classification

Previously, New World monkeys were divided between Callitrichidae and this family. For a few recent years, marmosets, tamarins, and lion tamarins were placed as a subfamily (Callitrichinae) in Cebidae, while moving other genera from Cebidae into the families Aotidae, Pitheciidae and Atelidae.^[1] The most recent classification of New World monkeys again splits the callitrichids off, leaving only the capuchins and squirrel monkeys in this family.^[2]

Family Cebidae: capuchins and squirrel monkeys
White-fronted Capuchin (Cebus albifrons)
- Subfamily Cebinae
  - Genus Cebus
    - Kaapori Capuchin, Cebus kaapori
    - Wedge-capped Capuchin, Cebus olivaceus
    - White-headed Capuchin, Cebus capucinus
    - White-fronted Capuchin, Cebus albifrons
  - Genus Sapajus
    - Black-striped Capuchin, Sapajus libidinosus
    - Black Capuchin, Sapajus nigritus
    - Blond Capuchin, Sapajus flavius
    - Golden-bellied Capuchin, Sapajus xanthosternos
    - Tufted Capuchin, Sapajus apella
      Common Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri sciureus)
- Subfamily Saimiriinae
  - Genus Saimiri
    - Bare-eared Squirrel Monkey, Saimiri ustus
    - Black Squirrel Monkey, Saimiri vanzolini
    - Black-capped Squirrel Monkey, Saimiri boliviensis
    - Central American Squirrel Monkey, Saimiri oerstedi
    - Common Squirrel Monkey, Saimiri sciureus

Extinct taxa

Subfamily Cebinae
- Genus Acrecebus
  - Acrecebus fraileyi
- Genus Dolichocebus
  - Dolichocebus gaimanensis
- Genus Chilecebus
  - Chilecebus carrascoensis
- Genus Neosaimiri
  - Neosaimiri fieldsi
- Genus Laventiana
  - Laventiana annectens

References

^ ^a ^b Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 129–139. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
^ ^a ^b ^c Rylands AB and Mittermeier RA (2009). "The Diversity of the New World Primates (Platyrrhini)". In Garber PA, Estrada A, Bicca-Marques JC, Heymann EW, Strier KB (ed.). South American Primates: Comparative Perspectives in the Study of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation. Springer. ISBN 978-0-387-78704-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
^ "77". Organic Evolution. New York: The Macmillan Company. 1921.
^ Janson, C.H. & Rylands, A.B. (1984). Macdonald, D. (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Mammals. New York: Facts on File. pp. 342–361. ISBN 0-87196-871-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[msw3-1] Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 129–139. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.

[SAP-2] Rylands AB and Mittermeier RA (2009). "The Diversity of the New World Primates (Platyrrhini)". In Garber PA, Estrada A, Bicca-Marques JC, Heymann EW, Strier KB (ed.). South American Primates: Comparative Perspectives in the Study of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation. Springer. ISBN 978-0-387-78704-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)

[3] "77". Organic Evolution. New York: The Macmillan Company. 1921.

[EoM-4] Janson, C.H. & Rylands, A.B. (1984). Macdonald, D. (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Mammals. New York: Facts on File. pp. 342–361. ISBN 0-87196-871-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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