Combined injectable birth control
| Combined Injectable Contraceptive | |
|---|---|
| Background | |
| Type | Hormonal |
| First use | about 1980 |
| Failure rates (first year) | |
| Perfect use | 0-0.2%[1] |
| Typical use | ? |
| Usage | |
| Duration effect | 1 month |
| User reminders | ? |
| Advantages and disadvantages | |
| STI protection | No |
| Benefits | Especially good if poor pill compliance. |
Combined injectable contraceptive (CIC) monthly injection of a progestin and a synthetic estrogen taken to suppress fertility. Brand names include Cyclofem, Novafem, Mesigyna, Lunelle and Cyclo-Provera.
DMPA is a different injectable contraceptive, containing just a progestin, given every three months.
Hormonal contraception works primarily by preventing ovulation, but it may also thicken the cervical mucus inhibiting sperm penetration.[2][3][4] Hormonal contraceptives also have effects on the endometrium,[5][6] that theoretically could affect implantation,[7][8][9][10]
Medical uses
Administered by intramuscular injection into the deltoid, gluteus maximus, or anterior thigh.[1] Ideally administered every 28 to 30 days, though demonstrated to be effective up to 33 days.[1]
Side-effects
The most prominent side effects are menstrual irregularities during the first 3 to 6 months of use.[1]
History
 | The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. (March 2013) |
- October 5, 2000, Pharmacia received FDA approval for Lunelle Monthly Contraceptive Injection.[1]
- April 2003, Pharmacia acquired by Pfizer (makers of Depo-Provera (DMPA)).
- October 2003, Lunelle was discontinued in the U.S.
See also
- Concept Foundation
- Extended cycle combined hormonal contraceptive
- Depo-Provera, a Long-acting reversible contraceptive that is injected every 3 months.
- Reproductive Health Supplies Coalition
Footnotes
- ^ a b c d e "FDA Approves Combined Monthly Injectable Contraceptive". Contraception Report. 12 (3). 2001. Archived from the original on September 26, 2006.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Tamara Callahan MD , Aaron Caughey MD , Blueprints Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2013
- ^ KD Tripathi , Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, 2013
- ^ Dc Dutta's Textbook of Obstetrics, 2014
- ^ K. A. Petrie, A. H. Torgal, C. L. Westhoff, Matched-pairs analysis of ovarian suppressionduring oral vs. vaginal hormonal contraceptive use, „Contraception” 2011, t. 84, p. e2-3
- ^ R. L. Birtch, O. A. Olatunbosum, R. A. Pierson, Ovarian follicular dynamics during conventional vs continuous oral contraceptive use, „Contraception” 2006, t. 73, p. 235. p. 239.
- ^ K. Bugge, K. S. Richter, J. Bromer, et. al., Pregnancy rates following in vitro fertilization are reduced with a thin endometrium, but are unrelated to endometrial thickness above 10 millimeters,„Fertility and Sterility” 2004, t. 82, p. S199.
- ^ T. Fiumino, A. Kuwata, A. Teranischi et al., Significance of endometrium thickness to evaluate endometrial receptivity for embryos in natural cycle, „Fertility and Sterility” 2008, t. 90,p. S159.
- ^ K. S. Richter, K. R. Bugge, J. G. Bromer, Relationship between endometrial thickness and embryo implantation, based on 1. 294 cycles of in vitro fertilization with transfer of two blastocyst-stage embryos, „Fertility and Sterility” 2007, t. 87, p. 53.
- ^ Rivera R, Yacobson I, Grimes D (1999). "The mechanism of action of hormonal contraceptives and intrauterine contraceptive devices". Am J Obstet Gynecol. 181 (5 Pt 1): 1263–9. doi:10.1016/S0002-9378(99)70120-1. PMID 10561657.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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