Councillor

Councilman and Councilwoman redirect here.

A Councillor is a member of a local government council.

United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom all local authorities are overseen by elected councillors. These include:

unitary authorities
county councils and district councils
parish, town and community councils
The Common Council of the City of London (in which councillors are known as aldermen and councilmen)

According to Debrett's Correct Form the English title "Councillor" (often shortened to ‘Cllr’) applies only to elected members of city, borough or district councils.^[1] However, there is no legal basis for this restriction and in practice the title is applied to all councillors at all levels of local government. Where necessary, parish and county councillors are differentiated by the use of a fuller title such as "town councillor" or "county councillor". The title precedes the holder's rank or other title, as in Cllr Dr Jenny Smith or Cllr Sir James Smith, and for women it precedes their title of marital status, as in Cllr Mrs Joan Smith.^[1]

Councillors are typically elected as members of political parties or alternatively as independents. Councils may also co-opt unelected councillors to fill vacancies on a council where insufficient candidates have stood for election, although in practice this is rare outside parish councils. Once elected, they are meant to represent all the residents under the whole authority, not just those who voted for them or just those in the district or ward they were elected in. They are bound by a code of conduct enforced by standards boards.

In 2007 the age limit for councillors fell to 18, leading to younger people standing.^{[citation needed]}

Remuneration

Most councillors are not full-time professionals.

In England, Wales and Northern Ireland most larger borough, unitary authority or county councils do pay them basic allowances and out-of-pocket expenses. In addition special responsibility allowances are paid to councillors who carry out more senior duties. The basic allowances and special responsibility allowances are theoretically paid to compensate councillors for time spent on council duties, and are classed as salaries for tax purposes. Parish, town or community councillors may, since the Local Government Act 2000, be paid for their services, but most are not.

In Scotland, since 2007, councillors have received a salary of £15,000, as opposed to a series of allowances. These are often topped up by special responsibility allowances.

Regional government

The London Assembly is regarded, not as a local authority, but as a regional devolved assembly and its members are referred to as Assembly Members, not councillors.

United States

Councilmember, councilman/councilwoman, councilor, or councillor is a title for a member of a council used in the United States.^[2]

In particular, the title is used in the following cases.

City council for U.S. cities that do not use the title of alderman
Council of the District of Columbia

The Philippines

Under the Philippine Republic Act No. 7160 (otherwise known as the Local Government Code of 1991), a councilor is a member of a local council that is the legislative body of the local government unit.

Finland

This is about honorary rank, not elected officials.

In Finland councillor (neuvos) is the highest possible title of honour which can be granted by the President of Finland. There are several ranks of councillors and they have existed since the Russian Regime. Some examples of different councillors in Finland are as follows:

Councillor of State: the highest class of the titles of honour; granted to successful statesmen
Mining Councillor/Trade Councillor/Industry Councillor/Economy Councillor: granted to leading industry figures on different fields of economy
Councillor of Parliament: granted to successful statesmen
Office Councillor: granted to leading university figures
Councillor of Culture/Theatre Councillor/Film Councillor: granted to leading culture figures
Chamber Councillor: granted for successful officials in the field of local government

Turkey

Two types of councillor are elected in local elections held every five years in Turkey. These include 1,251 provincial councillors and 20,500 municipal councillors. Municipal councillors serve on the council of the 1,351 district and 30 metropolitan municipalities of Turkey, while provincial councillors serve on the provincial general council (İl Genel Meclisi).

Other countries

In Australia, The Bahamas, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, Botswana, Trinidad & Tobago and other parts of the Commonwealth, as well as in Ireland, a councillor or councilor is an elected representative on a local government council.

In the Netherlands, a member of the municipal council is called a gemeenteraadslid or raadslid. Someone out of this group who is elected to serve on the municipal executive is called a wethouder, which is usually translated as ‘alderman’ or ‘councillor’. The Dutch word for mayor is burgemeester. This is expressed in English as "mayor" or "burgomaster". The municipal executive is referred to collectively as the College van Burgemeester en Wethouders.

In Belgium, a member of the municipal council is called a gemeenteraadslid in Dutch, and Conseiller Communal in French. Someone out of this group who is elected to serve on the municipal executive is called a schepen in Dutch or échevin in French. This is usually translated as "alderman" or "councillor" in English. The municipal executive is referred to collectively as the College van Burgemeester en Schepenen ou Collège du Bourgmestre et Echevins.

In Luxembourg, an échevin (Luxembourgish: Schäffe, German: Schöffe) is a member of the administration of a Luxembourgian commune.

In Hong Kong, members of district councils are also referred to as councillors.^[3] Before 1999 the district councils were known as district boards, upon the abolition of the municipal councils (the UrbCo and the RegCo) in December that year. In addition, members of the legislative council are also referred to as councillors. From 1996 to 1998 the Legislative Council were known as "Provisional Legislative Council", upon the abolition of the interim legislature in July 1998.

In Norway, a member of the municipal council, kommunestyret, is called a kommunestyrerepresentant in Norwegian. The Norwegian word for mayor is ordfører.

References

^ ^a ^b Debrett's Correct Form, pg 193, Headline Book Publishing 2002
^ Viser, Matt (7 August 2006). "Spelling spats divide City Council". Boston Globe. Retrieved 7 August 2006.
^ [1] [2]

External links

[debretts-1] Debrett's Correct Form, pg 193, Headline Book Publishing 2002

[2] Viser, Matt (7 August 2006). "Spelling spats divide City Council". Boston Globe. Retrieved 7 August 2006.

[3] [1] [2]

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