Donald in Mathmagic Land

Donald in Mathmagic Land
File:Donald mathjam.png Donald jams with the Pythagoreans.
Directed by	Hamilton Luske (supervising) Wolfgang Reitherman Les Clark Joshua Meador (sequencing)
Written by	Milt Banta Bill Berg Heinz Haber
Produced by	Walt Disney
Starring	Clarence Nash Paul Frees
Narrated by	Paul Frees
Cinematography	Edward Colman
Edited by	Lloyd L. Richardson
Music by	Buddy Baker
Distributed by	Buena Vista Film Distribution Company
Release dates	June 26, 1959 November 15, 1960
Running time	27 min.
Country	U.S.A.
Language	English

Donald in Mathmagic Land is a Donald Duck featurette which was released on June 26, 1959. It was directed by Hamilton Luske and is 27 minutes in length. Many people collaborated on this project, including Disney artists John Hench and Art Riley, voice talent Paul Frees, and scientific expert Heinz Haber, who had worked on the Disney space shows. This featurette was originally released on a bill with Darby O'Gill and the Little People. In 1959, it was nominated for an Academy Award (Best Documentary - Short Subjects). In 1961, two years after its release, it had the honor of being introduced by Ludwig Von Drake and shown on the first program of Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color. The film was made available to schools and became one of the most popular educational films ever made by Disney. As Walt Disney explained, "The cartoon is a good medium to stimulate interest. We have recently explained mathematics in a film and in that way excited public interest in this very important subject."

Story

Entrance

Donald Duck, holding a hunting rifle, passes through a doorway to find that he has entered Mathmagic Land. This fantasy land contains trees with "square roots", a stream flowing with numbers, and a walking pencil that plays tic-tac-toe. Interestingly, a geometric bird recites (incorrectly) the first 15 digits of pi. Donald soon hears the voice of the "True Spirit of Adventure" who will guide Donald on his journey through Mathmagic Land.

Pythagoras and music

Donald is initially not interested in Mathmagic Land, believing that math is for "eggheads". When "Mr. Spirit" suggests a connection between math and music, though, Donald is intrigued. First, Donald discovers the relationships between octaves and string length. Next, Donald finds himself in ancient Greece, where Pythagoras and his contemporaries are discovering these same relationships. Pythagoras (on the harp), a flute player, and a double bass player hold a "jam session" which Donald joins after a few moments. Pythagoras' music is, as the Spirit explains, the basis of today's music, and that music would not exist without "eggheads".

The pentagram, the golden section, and the golden rectangle

After shaking hands with Pythagoras, Donald finds on his hand a pentagram, the symbol of the secret Pythagorean society. The Spirit then shows Donald how the mysterious golden section appears in the pentagram. Next, the pentagram is shown to contain the pattern for constructing golden rectangles many times over. According to the Spirit, the golden rectangle has influenced both ancient and modern cultures in many ways.

Architecture and art

Donald learns how the golden rectangle appears in many ancient buildings, such as the Parthenon and the Notre Dame cathedral. Paintings such as the Mona Lisa and various sculptures contain several golden rectangles. The use of the golden rectangle is found even in modern architecture and art, as well, such as the United Nations building in New York City.

The human body and nature

The Spirit shows Donald how the golden rectangle and pentagram are related to the human body and nature, respectively. The human body contains the "ideal proportions" of the golden section; Donald tries to make his own body fit such a proportion, but his efforts are to no avail. The pentagram (more accurately, the pentagon) is then shown to be found in many flowers and animals, such as the petunia, the star jasmine, the starfish, the wax flower, various sea shells, and so forth.

Games

Donald learns that mathematics applies not only to nature, architecure, and music, but also to games, including chess, baseball, football, basketball, hopscotch, and three-cushion billiards. Donald even volunteers the game Tiddlywinks, but the Spirit does not pursue this option. Themes of Lewis Carroll's Through the Looking Glass are scattered throughout the chess scene; Carroll himself was both a writer and a mathematician. The extended billiards scene describes the calculations involved in the game's "diamond system," but Donald never fully grasps how to do the calculations himself.

Mental exercises

The Spirit then asks Donald to play a mental game, but he finds Donald's mind to be too cluttered. After some mental house-cleaning, Donald plays with a circle and a triangle in his mind, and he discovers useful inventions such as the wheel, train, magnifying glass, drill, airplane propeller, and telescope.

Infinity and the future

Donald discovers that pentagrams can be drawn inside each other indefinitely. Therefore, mathematics provides an avenue to consider the infinite. The Spirit states that scientific knowledge and technological advances are unlimited, and the key to unlocking the doors of the future is mathematics. By the end of the film, Donald understands and appreciates the value of mathematics. The film closes with a quote from Galileo: "Mathematics is the alphabet with which God has written the universe."

Cast

Paul Frees - The True Spirit of Adventure / Narrator (voice)
Clarence Nash - Donald Duck (voice)

Goofs

Despite this being a mathematics educational film, a character incorrectly recites the value of the mathematical constant pi. The character states, "Pi is equal to 3.141592653589747, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera." The correct value of pi (to the same amount of digits) is actually 3.141592653589793.

DVD release

On July 30, 2007, the region 1 DVD of Donald in Mathmagic Land was released as an exclusive to the Disney Movie Club. Disney has not announced any plans for a region 1 wide release of the DVD.

Donald in Mathmagic Land is available on DVD in Region 2 as the first insert of Vol. 3 of the "Walt Disney's Fables" series. The disk also includes Ben and Me and Modern Inventions.

External links

• Donald in Mathmagic Land at IMDb
• Watch Part 1 of it on YouTube
• Watch Part 2 of it on YouTube (This video has been edited and skips the sports leading up to billiards.)
• Donald In Mathmagic Land DVD Currently available on Region 2/4 DVD