Empress Xiaoshurui
| Empress Xiaoshurui | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Empress Consort of the Qing dynasty | |||||
| Tenure | 1796 – 5 March 1797 | ||||
| Predecessor | Empress Xiaoyichun (the Step Empress was the actual living predecessor) | ||||
| Successor | Empress Xiaoherui | ||||
| Born | 2 October 1760 | ||||
| Died | 5 March 1797 (aged 36) | ||||
| Burial | Changling Mausoleum, Western Qing tombs | ||||
| Spouse | Jiaqing Emperor | ||||
| Issue | Jiaqing Emperor's second daughter Mianning, Prince Zhi Gurun Princess Zhuangjing | ||||
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| Father | Horchingo | ||||
| Empress Xiaoshurui | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Chinese | 孝淑睿皇后 | ||||||
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| Lady Hitara | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 喜塔臘氏 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 喜塔腊氏 | ||||||
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| Manchu name | |||||||
| Manchu script | ᡥᡳᠶᠣᠣᡧᡠᠩᡤᠠ ᠨᡝᠮᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᡠᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡥᡝᠣ | ||||||
| Romanization | hiyoošungga nemgiyan sunggiyen hūwangheo | ||||||
Empress Xiaoshurui (2 October 1760 – 5 March 1797) was the first Empress Consort of the Jiaqing Emperor of the Qing dynasty. She was the birth mother of the Jiaqing Emperor's second son and successor, the Daoguang Emperor.
Life
Empress Xiaoshurui was born in the Manchu Hitara (喜塔臘) clan, which was under the Plain White Banner. Her personal name is unknown. Her father, Horchingo (和爾經額), served as a minister of interior affairs (總管內務府大臣) and vice banner commander (副都統), and was posthumously honoured as a third class cheng'en duke in 1796.
In 1774, Lady Hitara married Yongyan (Prince Jia), the 15th son of the Qianlong Emperor. On 9 February 1796, the Qianlong Emperor abdicated in favour of Prince Jia and became a Retired Emperor, while Prince Jia was enthroned as the Jiaqing Emperor. The Jiaqing Emperor made Lady Hitara his Empress after his coronation.
Lady Hitara died of illness in 1797, having been Empress for barely a year. She was posthumously granted the title "Empress Xiaoshurui" after the death of the Jiaqing Emperor in 1820, and was interred in the Changling Mausoleum in the Western Qing tombs.
Lady Hitara bore the Jiaqing Emperor two daughters and a son. Their first daughter, who was unnamed, was born in 1780 and died prematurely within the same year. Their second daughter, known as Gurun Princess Zhuangjing (莊靜固倫公主; 20 October 1784 – 27 June 1811), married Manibadala (瑪尼巴達喇), a Mongol noble from the Borjigit clan. Their son, Mianning, succeeded his father in 1820 and was enthroned as the Daoguang Emperor.
See also
References
- Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao) (in Chinese).