Federal Party (Philippines)
In the Philippines, the iterations of the Federalist Party were political parties that mostly advocated the annexation of the Philippines as a U.S. state.
Federalist Party of the insular government era
After the cessation of hostilities in the Philippine–American War (then known as the "Philippine Insurrection"), political parties were allowed to be formed for the first time. The Partido Federalista (Federal Party) was one of the first to be formed, on December 23, 1900. In the establishment of the Philippine Assembly, delegates such as Pedro Paterno, that pushed for Philippine statehood within the United States, formed the Partido Federal; the party was favored by the American insular government, which appointed delegates in the assembly. The Federalists elected Trinidad Pardo de Tavera as party president and dominated Manila politics. Their primary opponent were delegates that advocated immediate independence; these would later form the Nacionalista Party. The nationalists would wrest control of the assembly starting in 1907 when the first elections were held. At this point, the power of the Federalists waned, and their statehood platform was rescinded, and the party was named as the Progresista Party.[1]
Federalist Party of the Fourth Republic
Former Representative from Cebu Bartolome Cabangbang was one of the candidates in the 1981 presidential election overwhelmingly won by the incumbent president Ferdinand Marcos. This election was boycotted by most opposition parties when their preferred candidate, Benigno Aquino, Jr., was barred from running. Cabangbang's platform of the Philippines becoming the 51st state of the United States earned him a surprising 4% of the vote, attributed to the people's yearning for the American colonial administration in preference to Marcos' just-concluded martial law.[2]
Other uses
A "Federal Party" existed during the Third Philippine Republic. Alfredo Abcede was a two-time presidential candidate of this Federal Party. In 1957, Abcede lost, winning 470 votes nationally or less than 0.01%. In 1961, he lost again, polling a mere seven votes. Abcede also ran for the Senate in 1953, 1955 and 1959, losing each times, and never getting more than 0.5% of the vote.[3]
Notes
- ^ Cullinane (1989), p. 64
- ^ Steinberg (1997), p. 135
- ^ Nohlen, Grotz and Hartmann (2001), p. 185-230
References
- Cullinane, Michael (1989). Ilustrado Politics: Filipino Elite Responses to American Rule, 1898-1908. Ateneo de Manila University Press. ISBN 978-971-550-439-3.
- Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz and Christof Hartmann, ed. (2001). Elections in Asia and the Pacific Vol. II. Oxford University Press. pp. 185–230. ISBN 0199249598.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|authors=ignored (help) - Steinberg, David Joel (2000). The Philippines: a singular and a plural place. Westview Press. ISBN 978-0-8133-3755-5.