Fitzrovia Chapel
| Fitzrovia Chapel | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Fitzrovia Chapel Location in Central London | |
| 51°31′08″N 0°08′18″W / 51.5190°N 0.1383°W | |
| Location | Fitzrovia, London W1 |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Previous denomination | Church of England |
| Website | fitzroviachapel |
| History | |
| Former name(s) | Middlesex Hospital Chapel |
| Status | Hospital chapel |
| Architecture | |
| Functional status | Deconsecrated |
| Heritage designation | Grade II* |
| Architect(s) | John Loughborough Pearson |
| Style | Victorian Gothic |
| Years built | 1891–92 |
| Closed | 2008 |
The Fitzrovia Chapel is located at Pearson Square, London W1, standing in the centre of the Fitzroy Place development, bordered by Mortimer Street, Cleveland Street, Nassau Street and Riding House Street in Fitzrovia, Westminster.
Designed by John Loughborough Pearson RA, the chapel was built 1891–92 with its interior completed 32 years after his death in 1929, the works being overseen by his son Frank Loughborough Pearson (1864–1947).[1]
Built in the central courtyard of the former Middlesex Hospital, which was rebuilt in 1929–35 before being demolished in 2008–15, the hospital chapel was preserved as a Grade II*-listed building and renamed as the Fitzrovia Chapel.
The chapel is noted for its opulent Gothic Revival-style and mosaic interior.[2]
History
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The building now known as the Fitzrovia Chapel was built in 1891–92 as the Middlesex Hospital Chapel. Between 1929 and 1935 the decaying 18th-century hospital building was gradually demolished and rebuilt around the chapel.[3][4]
After the Middlesex Hospital was amalgamated into University College Hospital, its hospital buildings other than the chapel were completely demolished 2008–15, being replaced by a new residential development. The Grade II*-listed edifice was preserved throughout the demolition[5][4] and today the chapel stands within Pearson Square, a privately owned public space named after the chapel's architect, belonging to Jones Lang LaSalle.[6]
Architecture
[edit]The chapel is noted as a fine example of Gothic Revival architecture, designed by John Loughborough Pearson in the Italian Gothic-style. The interior of the chapel features a rib vaulted ceiling richly decorated with polychrome marble and mosaics. The mosaics were completed in the 1930s by Maurice Richard Josey, assisted by his son John Leonard Josey.[2]
The ceiling mosaic depicts blue stars against a gold background representing the firmament. The wall mosaics are lined with green onyx and a zigzag pattern. In the arched chancel there is a Cosmatesque pillar piscina. Set into an ogee arch is an aumbry adorned with an image of the Pelican in her Piety carved in white marble, erected in memory of Prince Francis of Teck, younger brother of Queen Mary, who died in 1910. Set into roundels beneath the arches are sculpted busts of the Twelve Apostles and the Old Testament prophets. The organ gallery at the chapel's west end is surmounted by an arch decorated with a mosaic inscription of words from the Gloria in excelsis Deo:[2]
GLORIA IN EXCELSIS DEO ET IN TERRA PAX HOMINIBUS BONÆ VOLUNTATIS
(GLORY BE TO GOD IN THE HIGHEST AND ON EARTH PEACE TO MEN OF GOODWILL)
The baptismal font is carved from a solid block of green marble and is adorned with the symbols of the Four Evangelists. The inscription, "Nipson anomemata me monan opsin", is a palindrome in Ancient Greek as inscribed on a holy water font outside the Church of Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, in medieval times:[2]
Νίψον ἀνομήματα, μὴ μόναν ὄψιν
(Wash the sins, not only the face)
Unusually, the chapel is aligned approximately on a north–south axis instead of the traditional alignment towards the liturgical east.[2]
Interior features
[edit]-
The baptistery -
-
Its fresco -
The ceiling -
The aumbry
Notable people commemorated at the Fitzrovia Chapel
[edit]
- Diana Beck, the first female neurosurgeon.
The Fitzrovia Chapel Foundation
[edit]The Fitzrovia Chapel is managed by a charity, the Fitzrovia Chapel Foundation. It no longer holds religious services, and is a historic building. It is also a venue for non-religious ceremonies such as weddings and memorials.
Exhibitions and events
[edit]The Fitzrovia Chapel is also used by artists, galleries, community groups and art organisations for exhibitions.
In May 2017 the Horiuchi Foundation presented a series of photographs at the chapel by Tomohiro Muda. The exhibition was called Icons of Time: Memories of the Tsunami that Struck Japan.[7]
The Richard Ingleby Gallery hosted an exhibition during Frieze London in October 2017, including works by David Batchelor, Jonathan Owen, Kevin Harman and Peter Liversidge.[8]
In July 2017 Erskine, Hall & Coe presented Claudi Casanovas's Minvant at the chapel.[9]
The TJ Boulting gallery hosted Stephanie Quayle's Jenga at the Fitzrovia Chapel in 2016 and Siân Davey's Looking for Alice in December 2017.[10]
As part of Frieze London, the Stephen Friedman Gallery has shown works by Yinka Shonibare CBE and Jonathan Baldock at the chapel.[11]
In January 2019 the photographer Richard Ansett presented his portrait of the artist Grayson Perry at the chapel. It was called Birth and depicted Perry's alter ego, Claire.
The Fitzrovia Chapel has been used by recording artists including Katie Melua, Allman Brown and the Vickers Bovey Guitar Duo.[12]
Fashion brands have used the chapel as a backdrop to shows, shoots and presentations. These have included Phoebe English, Alistair James, Mother of Pearl, Alighieri and Sharon Wauchob.
"The Ward"
[edit]Leading up to World AIDS Day in 2017, the chapel presented its first exhibition. Called The Ward, it followed the lives of four young men on the Broderip and Charles Bell Wards in the former Middlesex Hospital. The Broderip, the first AIDS ward in London, was opened by Diana, Princess of Wales, in 1987 and was photographed by Gideon Mendel, who chronicled the wards in 1993.
"Nina Hamnett - 'Everybody was Furious'"
[edit]The chapel's exhibition in 2019 focused on the Welsh artist (and former Fitzrovia resident) Nina Hamnett. The exhibition was called Nina Hamnett - 'Everybody was Furious'. It featured pieces from Tenby Museum & Art Gallery, in the town where the artist was born.[13][14]
"Portraits of NHS Heroes"
[edit]Tom Croft created a virtual exhibition (installed and scanned observing COVID-19 government guidelines) at the Fitzrovia Chapel, showcasing portraits of NHS staff created during the coronavirus crisis. Portraits for NHS Heroes included work by 15 artists, all members of the Contemporary British Portrait Painters. The tour is available online.
"Tell Them I've Gone to Papua New Guinea"
[edit]The performance artist Leigh Bowery was celebrated during an exhibition in 2022 which included costumes and video. The Charles Atlas film, The Legend of Leigh Bowery, was included in the show.
"Lee Miller: Nurses"
[edit]The exhibition showed images of nurses taken across Europe by the photographer Lee Miller during the Second World War in May and June 2022. The photographs document nurses in Oxford, on the front in field hospitals in France, and German prisoner-of-war nurses.[15]
Chapel opening times
[edit]The Fitzrovia Chapel is open to the public most weeks on Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday between 11.00 and 18.00 in the spring and summer and between 11.00 and 16.00 in the autumn and winter. It is also open for events and exhibitions.Check the website for opening times.
References
[edit]- ^ "Our history". The Fitzrovia Chapel. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
- ^ a b c d e Historic England. "Middlesex Hospital Chapel (Grade II*) (1223496)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
- ^ Rivett, Geoffrey (1986). The Development of the London Hospital System, 1823-1982. King Edward's Hospital Fund for London. p. 218. ISBN 978-0-19-724633-7. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ a b Richardson, Ruth (29 March 2014). "Preserving the name of Middlesex Hospital Chapel". The Lancet. 383 (9923): 1120–1121. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60554-7. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 24693549. S2CID 30802376. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ Aminoff, Michael Jeffrey (2016). Sir Charles Bell: His Life, Art, Neurological Concepts, and Controversial Legacy. Oxford University Press. p. 85. ISBN 978-0-19-061496-6. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Exemplar pay tribute to chapel architect in proposal for street name at Fitzroy Place". Fitzrovia News. 23 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ www.horiuchifoundation.com
- ^ www.inglebygallery.com
- ^ www.ehc.art
- ^ www.tjboulting.com
- ^ www.stephenfriedman.com
- ^ www.wcom.org.uk
- ^ www.tenbymuseum.org.uk
- ^ www.charitycommission.gov.uk
- ^ "Lee Miller and the nurses of the Second World War". Financial Times. 29 April 2022. Retrieved 15 May 2022.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Fitzrovia Chapel at Wikimedia Commons- Chapel interior of Google Street View
