Immigration to Russia
Immigration to Russia is an entry process of foreign citizens for permanent residence in the territory of the Russian Federation. Under current law, after five years of residence, after the examination of the knowledge of the Russian language, immigrants can also obtain Russian citizenship. The immigration to Russia is regulated by the Main Directorate for Migration Affairs.[1] The immigration plays an important role in modern Russian demographic processes, since it is the cause of the increase of the population from 2011.[2]
Russia maintains one of the world's most liberal immigration policies; anyone who works in Russia for five years and develops fluency in the Russian language can become a citizen, provided he or she has not committed a crime, and almost anyone who is hired by a Russian firm can stay in the country and work indefinitely [3] This reflects a policy change on the part of the Putin government, in response to declining birth rates, from the more restrictive policy enacted after the fall of the Soviet Union.[4] The large non-Slavic immigrant populations arriving in response to Putin's liberal policy have sometimes been met with xenophobia; to counter this, the Russian state has shut down various anti-immigrant group pursuant to Russian hate speech laws, such as the Movement Against Illegal Immigration.
Immigrant population in Russia by country of birth
Citizenship of immigrants:[5]
1 | ![]() |
2,651,109 |
2 | ![]() |
2,335,960 |
3 | ![]() |
1,105,500 |
4 | ![]() |
610,327 |
5 | ![]() |
586,122 |
6 | ![]() |
575,400 |
7 | ![]() |
552,014 |
8 | ![]() |
514,663 |
9 | ![]() |
498,878 |
10 | ![]() |
273,034 |
11 | ![]() |
244,662 |
12 | ![]() |
150,000 |
13 | ![]() |
142,405 |
14 | ![]() |
111,681 |
15 | ![]() |
111,275 |
16 | ![]() |
77,665 |
17 | ![]() |
53,649 |
18 | ![]() |
53,649 |
19 | ![]() |
53,382 |
20 | ![]() |
45,935 |
21 | ![]() |
42,672 |
22 | Without citizenship | 35,489 |
23 | ![]() |
34,755 |
24 | ![]() |
34,217 |
25 | ![]() |
33,591 |
26 | ![]() |
32,107 |
27 | ![]() |
30,718 |
28 | ![]() |
30,126 |
29 | ![]() |
28,356 |
30 | ![]() |
27,979 |
31 | ![]() |
15,500 |
See also
References
- ^ "На просторах России". Retrieved 15 February 2016.
- ^ "Demographics". Retrieved 15 February 2016.
- ^ Malakhov, Vladimir S. (9 August 2014). "Russia as a New Immigration Country: Policy Response and Public Debate" (PDF). Europe-Asia Studies. 66 (7): 1062–1079. doi:10.1080/09668136.2014.934140. ISSN 0966-8136. Retrieved 3 October 2018.
- ^ Ragozin, Leonid (March 13, 2017). "Russia Wants Immigrants the World Doesn't". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- ^ "ФМС России". Retrieved 15 February 2016.