Japanese cruiser Nachi

Nachi photographed soon after her full-power trials in November, 1928
History
Name	Nachi
Ordered	1923
Builder	Kure Naval Arsenal
Laid down	26 November 1924
Launched	15 June 1927
Commissioned	28 November 1928
Stricken	20 January 1945
Fate	Sunk, 5 November 1944
General characteristics
Class and type	Myōkō-class cruiser
Displacement	13,300 long tons (13,500 t)
Length	201.7 m (661 ft 9 in)
Beam	20.73 m (68 ft 0 in)
Draft	6.32 m (20 ft 9 in)
Propulsion	4-shaft geared turbines 12 boilers 130,000 shp
Speed	36 knots (41 mph; 67 km/h)
Range	8,000 nautical miles (15,000 km) at 14 kn (16 mph; 26 km/h)
Complement	773
Armament	• 10 × 203 mm (8.0 in) guns (5×2) • 6 × 120 mm (4.7 in) guns (to 1934) or 8 × 127 mm (5.0 in) guns (from 1935) • 2 × 13 mm (0.51 in) machine guns • 12 × 610 mm (24 in) torpedo tubes
Armor	• Main belt: 100 mm (3.9 in) • Main deck: 37 mm (1.5 in) • Turrets: 25 mm (0.98 in) • Barbettes: 75 mm (3.0 in)
Aircraft carried	2
Service record
Operations:	Battle of the Java Sea (1942) Second Battle of the Java Sea (1942) Battle of the Komandorski Islands (1943) Battle of Surigao Strait (1944)

Nachi (那智) was the second of the four-member Myōkō class of heavy cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy—the other ships of the class being Myōkō, Ashigara, and Haguro. She was named after a mountain in Wakayama Prefecture.

The ships of this class displaced 13,300 tons, were 201 m (661 ft) long, and were capable of 36 kt (67 km/h). They carried two aircraft and their main armament was ten 203 mm (8 in) guns in five twin turrets. At the time they were built, this was the heaviest armament of any cruiser class in the world.

Service history

Nachi was laid down at the Kure Naval Arsenal on 26 November 1924, launched and named on 15 June 1927, and was commissioned into the Imperial Navy on 26 November 1928. Her service in the Second World War started in the Dutch East Indies, where she engaged the enemy off Makassar on 8 February 1942. She played a key role in the battle of the Java Sea on 27 February 1942,and was involved in the sinking of HMS Exeter and HMS Encounter in another action off south Borneo on 1 March 1942.

Nachi then moved to the Aleutian Islands where she was engaged in the diversionary attack on the islands on 3 June 1942; she was back in the Aleutians when she was damaged on 26 March 1943 in the battle of the Komandorski Islands, and was engaged in an action at Kiska in July 1943. By October 1944 she was in the Philippines where she was damaged in the Battle of Surigao Strait on 25 October 1944.

Fate

She was finally sunk by aircraft from USS Lexington and Ticonderoga in Manila Bay on 5 November 1944. Of the crew, 807 were lost, including the captain; 220 survived. Its flag commander, Vice Admiral Kiyohide Shima, survived; he was ashore when Task Force 38 struck.

The Nachi was attacked by three enemy aircraft waves and hit least nine times with torpedoes as well as rockets. The Nachi was broken by two big explosions into three parts and sank in middle of a large oil slick.

John Prados, in his book, Combined Fleet Decoded, writes that a major intelligence coup was the finding of a large set of code documents on tables and in drawers in the wreckage by U.S. Navy divers. They were surprised that the documents were not even in a safe. It was important because Nachi was flagship of the Second Striking Force at the time. Early Japanese radar equipment was also recovered.

The original wartime caption of a picture taken of the sinking Nachi by Lexington aircraft reads,

Note by target coordinator: We circled down to 20 feet (6.1 m) to make sure there were absolutely no survivors. Fifteen or twenty oily figures were served with .50-caliber just to make sure.

It has been speculated that a large amount of gold was on board the Nachi when she was sunk, which was later recovered by American divers. However this is a heavily disputed and questionable claim which is not asserted by the majority of academics, and is not believed to be the case as there is little evidence for it.

Commanding Officers

• Chief Equipping Officer - Capt. Yoshiyuki Niiyama - 10 September 1928 - 26 November 1928
• Capt. Yoshiyuki Niiyama - 26 November 1928 - 30 November 1929
• Capt. Jiro Onishi - 30 November 1929 - 1 December 1930
• Capt. Noboru Hirata - 1 December 1930 - 1 December 1931
• Capt. Hiroyoshi Tabata - 1 December 1931 - 1 December 1932
• Capt. Yoshinosuke Owada - 1 December 1932 - 15 November 1933
• Capt. Fuchina Iwaihara - 15 November 1933 - 15 November 1934
• Capt. Marquis Teruhisa Komatsu - 15 November 1934 - 2 December 1935
• Capt. Michitaro Totsuka - 2 December 1935 - 16 November 1936
• Capt. Ryozo Fukuda - 16 November 1936 - 1 December 1937
• Capt. Kanki Iwagoe - 1 December 1937 - 10 October 1939
• Capt. Tsutomu Sato - 10 October 1939 - 15 November 1939
• Capt. Sukeyoshi Yatsushiro - 15 November 1939 - 15 November 1940
• Capt. Tamotsu Takama - 15 November 1940 - 20 August 1941
• Capt. / Rear Admiral Takahiko Kiyota - 20 August 1941 - 16 November 1942 (Promoted to Rear Admiral on 1 November 1942.)
• Capt. Akira Soji - 16 November 1942 - 10 September 1943
• Capt. Shiro Shibuya - 10 September 1943 - 20 August 1944
• Capt. / Rear Admiral* Enpei Kanooka - 20 August 1944 - 5 November 1944 (KIA)

References

Books

• D'Albas, Andrieu (1965). Death of a Navy: Japanese Naval Action in World War II. Devin-Adair Pub. ISBN 0-8159-5302-X.
• Dull, Paul S. (1978). A Battle History of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1941-1945. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-097-1.
• Lacroix, Eric (1997). Japanese Cruisers of the Pacific War. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-311-3. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
• Seagrave, Sterling (2003). Gold Warriors: America's Secret Recovery of Yamashita's Gold. Verso. ISBN 1-85984-542-8.

External links

• Parshall, Jon. "Imperial Japanese Navy Page (Combinedfleet.com)". Retrieved 2006-06-14. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
• Nachi tabular record of movement during WWII