Kho people
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (October 2009) |
کھو | |
|---|---|
 Wooden untensil use by kho tribe of Chitral | |
| Total population | |
| 229,200 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Chitral District, Badakhshan Province | |
 Afghanistan | 14,700[1][2] |
 Pakistan | 214,500[3] |
| Languages | |
| Khowar | |
| Religion | |
| Ismaili Islam (majority) Kalash religion (minority) | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Kalasha people | |
The Kho people (Khowar: کھو, meaning "people"), also known as Chitralis (چترالي), are a Dardic ethnic group located primarily in South Asia. They live primarily in Pakistan, with a small population living in Afghanistan.[4] They speak the Dardic Khowar language.
History
The kho community are residing between the remote valleys from about six thousand years, the first historian herodotus mention in their book that a group of people living in high mountains of Khot valley, most of them are shepherds and mountaineers.
Demographics
The majority of the Kho people live in the Chitral District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and a smaller number also live in Ghizer District of Gilgit Baltistan (including the Yasin Valley, Phandar Ishkoman and Gupis. They are also found in northern Afghanistan, the majority living in the northern provinces of Badakhshan, Kunduz, Balkh, and Takhar.
Genetics
The haplogroup R1b (Y-DNA) is found at a frequency of 80% among the Kho people. Many are in Paragroup M343, also found in some Central Asian peoples.
Culture
Kho culture is one of oldest culture which places heavy emphasis on poetry, song and dance. Kho people also have a great respect of law and order. Much of this can be attributed to Chitral being a stable kingdom for most of its history,[5] where the rule of law and the will of the ruler came before tribal concepts such as revenge and isolationism.
Because of Chitral's location at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia, the Kho display a wide variety of cultures, largely depending upon their ancestral ethnic group and family history.
Languages
Khowar is Indo-European dardic branch of language spoken by about 247,000 kho people in northen pakistan.[6] they also used Pashto and urdu as second language.
Folk music
Folk singers and reed instrument players have a special respect in the Kho society and are featured in their festivities. The most common instruments are Surnai Shehnai, Sitar, and reed instruments. The Kho sitar is a popular musical instrument in Chitral. It is made out of mulberry wood with five steel strings arranged in three courses, the outer ones have double strings, tuned in unison, while the inner course is single. Popular music of the area includes:
- Shishtoo-war (Sauz) , a popular folk music played with shehnai on happy occasions, mostly at marriages.
- Shab-daraaz (Dani) is a sad tone based on heartbroken love poems.
- Ghalhwar is a combination of Dani and Sauz. This is a mixture of fast and classical music played at the starting of a polo match.
See also
References
- ^ "Kho". PeopleGroups.org. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
- ^ "Khowar language, alphabet and pronunciation". Omniglot.com. 25 January 2012. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
- ^ Joshua Project. "Chitrali in Pakistan". Joshua Project. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
- ^ http://chitral.gov.pk/chitralorigins.aspx
- ^ "chitral". Royalark.net. 1 June 1937. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
- ^ https://www.thenewstribe.com/2012/01/25/khowar-language/
External links
- chitraltoday.net
- Chitrali Khow article at Hindu Kush Trails