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Kostanay

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Kostanay
Қостанай
Flag of Kostanay
Flag
Official seal of Kostanay
Seal
CountryKazakhstan
RegionKostanay Region
Founded1879
Incorporated (city)1893
Government
 • Akim (mayor)Bazyl Zhakupov
Area
 • Total240 km2 (90 sq mi)
Highest elevation
185 m (607 ft)
Lowest elevation
125 m (410 ft)
Population
 (2014)
 • Total217,135
 • Density900/km2 (2,300/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+6 (Asia/Almaty)
Postal code
110000
Area code+7 7142[1]
Vehicle registrationP
Websitewww.kostanay-city.kz

Kostanay ([Қостанай, Qostanay, قوستاناي] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help)) is a city located on the Tobol River in northern Kazakhstan. It was known as Nikolayevsk ([Николаевск] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help)) until 1895 and then as Kustanay ([Кустанай] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help)) until 1997. Kostanay is the administrative center of the Kostanay Region.

History

Kostanay was founded by Russian settlers in 1879 and named Nikolaevsk, in honor of Tsar Nicholas II.[2] In 1888, the town had more than 3,000 inhabitants involved in the building of a mill and a brewery, which are still operational. In 1893, Kostanay was granted city status. The Red Army took control in 1918 and changed the city's name to Kostanay. The Kostanay Region was established in 1936 with its administrative center in Kostanay. In 2009, the city population was 214,916 (2009 Census results).[3]

Public institutions

In Kostanay, there are five institutions of higher education. There are also 22 high schools which educate over 12,200 students. The state network of culture lists 381 libraries, 201 club establishments, 8 museums, and 2 theatres. Athletic facilities include 2 sports arenas, 26 stadiums, 10 sports complexes and 567 sports halls.

Climate

Climate data for Kostanay (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 3.2
(37.8) 		3.8
(38.8) 		16.6
(61.9) 		30.6
(87.1) 		38.6
(101.5) 		41.0
(105.8) 		40.8
(105.4) 		39.9
(103.8) 		36.3
(97.3) 		28.6
(83.5) 		14.3
(57.7) 		6.8
(44.2) 		41.0
(105.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −10.1
(13.8) 		−9.1
(15.6) 		−2.0
(28.4) 		11.3
(52.3) 		20.6
(69.1) 		26.7
(80.1) 		27.1
(80.8) 		25.4
(77.7) 		19.0
(66.2) 		10.2
(50.4) 		−1.5
(29.3) 		−8.1
(17.4) 		9.1
(48.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) −14.5
(5.9) 		−14.0
(6.8) 		−7.3
(18.9) 		5.4
(41.7) 		13.8
(56.8) 		19.9
(67.8) 		20.9
(69.6) 		18.8
(65.8) 		12.5
(54.5) 		4.8
(40.6) 		−5.5
(22.1) 		−12.3
(9.9) 		3.5
(38.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −18.9
(−2.0) 		−18.6
(−1.5) 		−12.0
(10.4) 		0.2
(32.4) 		7.5
(45.5) 		13.5
(56.3) 		15.2
(59.4) 		13.1
(55.6) 		7.1
(44.8) 		0.5
(32.9) 		−8.1
(17.4) 		−16.5
(2.3) 		−1.5
(29.3)
Record low °C (°F) −45.8
(−50.4) 		−47.8
(−54.0) 		−37.3
(−35.1) 		−24.0
(−11.2) 		−9.5
(14.9) 		−2.1
(28.2) 		2.9
(37.2) 		−0.7
(30.7) 		−8.7
(16.3) 		−23.0
(−9.4) 		−37.6
(−35.7) 		−44.5
(−48.1) 		−47.8
(−54.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 19
(0.7) 		15
(0.6) 		15
(0.6) 		25
(1.0) 		35
(1.4) 		35
(1.4) 		54
(2.1) 		35
(1.4) 		25
(1.0) 		29
(1.1) 		25
(1.0) 		24
(0.9) 		336
(13.2)
Average rainy days 0 0 3 7 13 11 12 12 11 9 4 1 83
Average snowy days 19 16 12 4 1 0.1 0 0 0.3 5 13 18 88
Average relative humidity (%) 82 81 81 68 58 57 64 64 64 73 82 82 71
Mean monthly sunshine hours 96 141 201 251 296 322 321 283 210 139 90 78 2,428
Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[4]
Source 2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[5]

Culture

Coin with Kostanay

Kostanay has a rich historical-cultural heritage. The regional center includes a Sunni mosque, the Regional Administration Building, Kostanay State University, the Kostanay Regional Memorial Museum of Altynsarin, the Kazakh Drama Theatre, Central Square and a railway station. Historical monuments include the Ybyrai Altynsarin monument, the Akhmet Baitursynov monument, a memorial dedicated to victims of the Second World War, the "Execution wall" (where Alexander Kolchak's army officers were executed by Red Army soldiers), and the Alexander Pushkin monument.

Transportation

Soyuz TMA-06M crew members are greeted at the Kostanay Airport

Kostanay is connected by road with the following cities in Russia: Chelyabinsk, Magnitogorsk, Troitsk, Yekaterinburg, Kurgan and Tyumen. It is also connected to Astana and Almaty in Kazakhstan. Fifty-three railway stations carry passengers and cargo from the city. Oil is delivered by rail from Russia as well as oil refineries in Kazakhstan.

Kostanay International Airport handles common and charter flights to many cities in Kazakhstan, former Soviet republics, Germany (Frankfurt and Hanover), the United Arab Emirates, Turkey, and other countries. The airport also functions as a local port of entry and customs checkpoint.

Sport

Kostanay is home to the FC Tobol football club, based in the Kostanay Central Stadium, which participates in the Kazakhstan Super League. Kostanay also has a basketball team, BK Tobol Kostanay, which participates in the Kazakhstan Basketball Cup. The city has an ice rink for winter sports, and in 2016, a team participated in the national bandy championship in Khromtau for junior players born in 1999-2000.[6]

References

  1. ^ CODE OF ACCESS
  2. ^ "Kostanay city". visitkazakhstan.kz. Retrieved 2015-10-06.
  3. ^ "Население Республики Казахстан" [Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan] (in Russian). Департамент социальной и демографической статистики. Retrieved 8 December 2013.
  4. ^ "Weather and Climate - The Climate of Kostanay" (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Archived from the original on 25 November 2016. Retrieved 25 November 2016.
  5. ^ "Kustanai (Kostanay) Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 25 November 2016.
  6. ^ "С 21 по 24 января 2016г. на стадионе «Горняк» г. Хромтау стартовал Чемпионат Республики Казахстан по хоккею с мячом среди юниоров 1999-2000 г.р." Hromtau.aktobe.gov.kz. Retrieved September 5, 2016.
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