Leduc Formation
| Leduc Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Unit of | Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin |
| Underlies | Duvernay Formation, Ireton Formation |
| Overlies | Beaverhill Lake Formation |
| Thickness | up to 300 m (980 ft)[1] |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Dolostone |
| Other | Limestone |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 53°20′42″N 113°41′42″W / 53.3451°N 113.6949°W |
| Region |  Alberta |
| Country |  Canada |
| Type section | |
| Named for | City of Leduc, Alberta |
| Named by | Imperial Oil Limited, 1950[2] |
The Leduc Formation is a stratigraphic unit of Late Devonian (Frasnian) age in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin.[3] It takes its name from the city of Leduc, and it was formally described from the B.A. Pyrz No. 1 well in central Alberta, between the depths of 1,623.7 m (5,327 ft) and 1,807.5 m (5,930 ft), by Imperial Oil Limited in 1950. Supplementary information came from a complete section of the formation that was cored in Imperial Oil's Leduc No. 530 well between 1,633 m (5,358 ft) and 1,863 m (6,112 ft).[1][2][4]
The Leduc Formation is a major producer of oil and gas in central Alberta, and the drilling of the highly successful Leduc No. 1 well in 1947 ushered in a new era in the Western Canadian petroleum industry.[5]
Lithology
The Leduc Formation consists of fossil reefs that are highly porous, which makes them excellent reservoirs for oil and gas. They were deposited as limestone and mudstone in shallow water reef environments. Stromatoporoids were the primary reef-building organisms, and rock-types range from skeletal mudstones and floatstones to finer grained muddy packstones and wackestones. Many, but not all, of the reefs were later subjected to dolomitization during diagenesis, which increased their porosity, and they now consist of dolostone rather than limestone.[4]
Oil and gas production
The Leduc Formation is a major producer of oil and gas in central Alberta. The Leduc No. 1 well which was drilled in 1947 produced 50 thousand cubic metres (more than 300 thousand barrels) of oil[5] and marked the beginning of the post-war Albertan oil boom. The Strachan and Ricinus West gas fields, discovered in 1967 and 1969, also produce from Late Devonian Leduc-age reefs.[6]
Distribution and thickness
Leduc Formation occurs as discrete, discontinuous reef "buildups" in a line following the Woodbend shelf margin from Drumheller in central Alberta to the Peace River Arch area in northern Alberta. The formation is absent in inter-reef areas, and buildups can reach from 180 meters (590 ft) to 300 meters (980 ft) in thickness.[4]
Relationship to other units
In central Alberta the Leduc Formation conformably overlies the platform limestones and dolostones of the Cooking Lake and Beaverhill Lake Formations. In northern Alberta near the Peace River Arch it rests on older red beds or on the Granite Wash. The Leduc reefs are surrounded by shales of the Duvernay and Ireton Formations and the Woodbend Group that were deposited in non-reefal, open marine environments.
The Leduc reefs are the same ages as, but not contiguous with, the reefs of the Cairn Formation which are located farther west. Because the Leduc reefs are nowhere exposed at surface, the extensive outcrops of the Cairn reefs in the Canadian Rockies have been studied to increase the understanding of the Leduc reefs.[7]
References
- ^ a b Lexicon of Canadian Geological Units. "Leduc Formation". Retrieved 2009-02-09.
- ^ a b Imperial Oil Limited, Geological Staff, Western Division, 1950. Devonian nomenclature in the Edmonton area, Alberta, Canada. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, vol. 34, p. 1807-1825.
- ^ Mossop, G.D. and Shetsen, I., (compilers), Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists and Alberta Geological Survey (1994). "The Geological Atlas of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, Chapter 12: Devonian Woodbend-Winterburn strata of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin". Archived from the original on 2014-10-18. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c Glass, D.J. (editor) 1997. Lexicon of Canadian Stratigraphy, vol. 4, Western Canada including eastern British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and southern Manitoba. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Calgary, 1423 p. on CD-ROM. ISBN 0-920230-23-7.
- ^ a b Heritage Community Foundation. Alberta's Petroleum Heritage
- ^ Hriskevich, M.E., Faber, J.M., and Langton, J.R., 1980, Strachan and Ricinus West Gas Fields, Alberta, Canada, in Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade: 1968-1978, AAPG Memoir 30, Halbouty, M.T., Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, ISBN 0891813063, p. 315
- ^ Bloy, G.R., Hunter, I.G. and Leggett, S.R. 1984. Depositional environments of the Devonian Cairn Formation, Rocky Mountain front ranges, Canmore, Alberta. Carbonates in subsurface and outcrop: 1984 CSPG Core Conference, Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, p. 148.