Libourne
Libourne | |
|---|---|
 Town hall | |
.svg) Coat of arms | |
Location of Libourne  | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine |
| Department | Gironde |
| Arrondissement | Libourne |
| Canton | Libourne |
| Intercommunality | Libournais |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2014–2020) | Philippe Buisson (PS) |
| Area 1 | 20.63 km2 (7.97 sq mi) |
| Population (2012) | 23,736 |
| • Density | 1,200/km2 (3,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 33243 /33600 |
| Elevation | 2–28 m (6.6–91.9 ft) (avg. 15 m or 49 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Libourne (French pronunciation: [libuʁn]; Gascon: Liborna pronounced [liˈbuɾnɔ]) is a commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department.
It is the wine-making capital of northern Gironde and lies near Saint-Émilion and Pomerol.
Geography
Libourne is located at the confluence of the Isle and Dordogne rivers.
History
In 1270, Leybornia was founded as a bastide by Roger de Leybourne (of Leybourne, Kent), an English seneschal of Gascony, under the authority of King Edward I of England. It suffered considerably in the struggles of the French and English for the possession of Gironde in the 14th century, and joined France in the 15th century.
In December 1854 John Stuart Mill passed through Libourne, remarking "I stopped at Libourne as I intended & had a walk about it this morning quite the best thing there is the bridge of the Dordogne, the view from which is really fine". [1]
Population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1793 | 9,100 | — |
| 1800 | 8,076 | −11.3% |
| 1806 | 8,293 | +2.7% |
| 1821 | 8,787 | +6.0% |
| 1831 | 9,838 | +12.0% |
| 1836 | 9,714 | −1.3% |
| 1841 | 9,814 | +1.0% |
| 1846 | 11,813 | +20.4% |
| 1851 | 12,650 | +7.1% |
| 1856 | 13,290 | +5.1% |
| 1861 | 13,565 | +2.1% |
| 1866 | 14,639 | +7.9% |
| 1872 | 14,960 | +2.2% |
| 1876 | 15,231 | +1.8% |
| 1881 | 15,981 | +4.9% |
| 1886 | 16,736 | +4.7% |
| 1891 | 17,867 | +6.8% |
| 1896 | 18,016 | +0.8% |
| 1901 | 19,175 | +6.4% |
| 1906 | 19,323 | +0.8% |
| 1911 | 20,085 | +3.9% |
| 1921 | 18,083 | −10.0% |
| 1926 | 18,453 | +2.0% |
| 1931 | 19,103 | +3.5% |
| 1936 | 19,491 | +2.0% |
| 1946 | 20,166 | +3.5% |
| 1954 | 19,474 | −3.4% |
| 1962 | 19,834 | +1.8% |
| 1968 | 22,123 | +11.5% |
| 1975 | 21,651 | −2.1% |
| 1982 | 22,119 | +2.2% |
| 1990 | 21,012 | −5.0% |
| 1999 | 21,764 | +3.6% |
| 2008 | 23,725 | +9.0% |
Sights
The Gothic church, restored in the 19th century, has a stone spire 232 ft (71 m) high. On the quay there is a machicolated clock-tower which is a survival of the defensive walls of the 14th century; and the town-house, containing a small museum and a library, is a quaint relic of the 16th century. It is located by the main square, the Place Abel Surchamp, which hosts every week end one of the largest fresh food market in the region. There is a statue of Élie, duc Decazes, who was born in the neighborhood.
Notable people
- Jean-Marie Londeix (1932–), French saxophonist
- Jean Marcadé (1920–2012), French Hellenist and historian
See also
- Hull town walls, the town of Hull, also established under Edward I, is said to have been similar in design to the Bastides, in particular Libourne
- Communes of the Gironde department
- Keynsham, twinned with Libourne
References
- ^ The Collected Works of John Stuart Mill Vol XIV, Page 251. ISBN 0-8020-5261-4
External links
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). 1911.
- Official website (in French)
- Unofficial website (in French)
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