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Lina Khan

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Lina Khan
Chair of the Federal Trade Commission
Assumed office
June 15, 2021
PresidentJoe Biden
Preceded byRebecca Slaughter (acting)
Commissioner of the Federal Trade Commission
Assumed office
June 15, 2021
PresidentJoe Biden
Preceded byJoseph Simons
Personal details
Born (1989-03-03) March 3, 1989 (age 35)
London, England, UK
EducationWilliams College (BA)
Yale University (JD)
WebsitePersonal website

Lina M. Khan (born March 3, 1989) is an American legal scholar specializing in antitrust and competition law in the United States. She serves as the chairperson of the Federal Trade Commission since June 2021. She is also an associate professor of law at Columbia Law School.

Early life and education

Khan was born in London on March 3, 1989,[1][2] to Pakistani parents. She moved with them to the United States when she was 11 years old. In 2010, she graduated from Williams College, where she wrote her thesis on Hannah Arendt. She was also the editor of the student newspaper at Williams.

After graduating she went to work at the New America Foundation, where she did anti-monopoly research and writing for the Open Markets Program. She earned a Juris Doctor from Yale Law School in 2017,[1] where she served as submissions editor of the Yale Journal on Regulation.[3]

Amazon's Antitrust Paradox

While still a law student at Yale University, she became a public figure in 2017 when her article in the Yale Law Journal, Amazon's Antitrust Paradox, made a significant impact in American legal and business circles. The New York Times described it as "reframing decades of monopoly law".[1]

In the article, Khan argued that the current American antitrust law framework, which focuses on keeping consumer prices down, cannot account for the anticompetitive effects of platform-based business models such as that of Amazon. She proposed alternative approaches for doing so: "restoring traditional antitrust and competition policy principles or applying common carrier obligations and duties."[4]

Many academics have criticised this work. Professor Herbert Hovenkamp, who served in the Clinton and Obama administrations, argues that her claims are "technically undisciplined, untestable, and even incoherent", and that her work "never explains how a nonmanufacturing retailer such as Amazon could ever recover its investment in below cost pricing by later raising prices, and even disputes that raising prices to higher levels ever needs to be a part of the strategy, thus indicating that it is confusing predation with investment."[5]

Career

Khan researched and published on market consolidation issues at the New America Foundation until 2014, when she began law school at Yale.[1] While at Yale, Khan was a co-student director of Yale's Mortgage Foreclosure Litigation Clinic, where she represented homeowners who were being improperly foreclosed on by financial institutions.[6] She also spent a summer working at Gupta Wessler, a firm specializing in public interest and plaintiff-side appellate litigation.[7]

After completing her studies, Khan worked as legal director at the Open Markets Institute, which was spun off from New America after Khan and her team criticized Google's market power, prompting pressure from Google, which was a funder of New America.[8] During her time at OMI, Khan met with Senator Elizabeth Warren to discuss anti-monopolistic policy ideas.[9]

Khan joined Columbia Law School as an academic fellow, where she pursued research and scholarship on antitrust law and competition policy, especially relating to digital platforms.[6] She published The Separation of Platforms and Commerce in the Columbia Law Review, making the case for structural separations that prohibit dominant intermediaries from entering lines of business that place them in direct competition with the businesses dependent on their networks.[10] In July 2020, Khan joined the school's faculty as an Associate Professor of Law.[11]

Federal government service

In 2018, Khan worked as a Legal Fellow at the Federal Trade Commission in the office of Commissioner Rohit Chopra.[12] In 2019, Khan began serving as counsel to the House Judiciary Committee's Subcommittee on Antitrust, Commercial, and Administrative Law, where she has been leading the congressional investigation into digital markets.[13]

On March 22, 2021, President Joe Biden announced he was nominating her to be a Commissioner of the Federal Trade Commission.[14][15] On June 15, 2021, her nomination was confirmed by the Senate by a vote of 69 to 28.[16] President Biden then appointed her chairperson of the FTC.[17]

Awards and recognition

For Amazon's Antitrust Paradox, Khan won the Antitrust Writing Award for "Best Academic Unilateral Conduct Article" in 2018,[6] the Israel H. Peres Prize by Yale Law School,[6] and the Michael Egger Prize from the Yale Law Journal.[6]

In 2018 Politico described Khan as "a leader of a new school of antitrust thought" as part of its "Politico 50" list of influential thinkers.[6] She was also listed as one of Foreign Policy's "Global Thinkers,"[18] Prospect's "Top 50 Thinkers,"[19] Wired's WIRED25,[20] the National Journal 50,[21] Washingtonian's list of most influential women,[22] and Time's "Next Generation Leaders."[23]

Khan's scholarship has attracted significant public attention around the world. She has been profiled by The Washington Post,[1] Washington Monthly,[24] The Atlantic,[8] The New York Times,[25] Wired,[20] The Financial Times,[26] Time,[23] Manager Magazin,[27] El País,[28] and Le Figaro.[29]

Personal life

Khan is married to Shah Ali, a cardiologist.[1]

Bibliography

  • Khan, Lina M. (January 2017). "Amazon's Antitrust Paradox". Yale Law Journal. 126 (3): 710–805. Archived from the original on April 23, 2021.
  • ——— (March 1, 2018). "The New Brandeis Movement: America's Antimonopoly Debate". Journal of European Competition Law & Practice. 9 (3): 131–132. doi:10.1093/jeclap/lpy020.
  • ——— (June 4, 2018). "The Ideological Roots of America's Market Power Problem". The Yale Law Journal Forum. 127. Archived from the original on April 21, 2021. {{cite journal}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; April 20, 2021 suggested (help)
  • ——— (July 2018). "Download Sources of Tech Platform Power" (PDF). Georgetown Law Technology Review. 2: 325–334.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  • ——— (May 2019). "The Separation of Platforms and Commerce" (PDF). Columbia Law Review. 119 (4): 973–1098. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 10, 2021.
  • ——— (July 2019). "Competition Issues in Digital Markets". Competition Law & Policy Debate. 5 (2): 66–70. ISSN 2405-481X.
  • ——— (Winter 2019). "Comment on Daniel A. Crane: A Premature Postmortem on the Chicago School of Antitrust". Business History Review. 93 (4): 777–779. doi:10.1017/S000768051900151X.
  • ——— (March 2020). "The End of Antitrust History Revisited [reviews]" (PDF). Harvard Law Review. 133 (5): 1655–1683. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 18, 2020.

Co-authored works

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Streitfeld, David (September 7, 2018). "Amazon's Antitrust Antagonist Has a Breakthrough Idea". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 8, 2018.
  2. ^ Khan, Lina (March 28, 2021). "Senate Commerce Committee Nominee Questionnaire, 117th Congress". United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Archived from the original on April 21, 2021.
  3. ^ "Title Page". Yale Journal on Regulation. 33: [i]. 2016.
  4. ^ Khan, Lina M. (2017). "Amazon's Antitrust Paradox". Yale Law Journal. 126 (3): 564–907. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2018.
  5. ^ https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2966&context=faculty_scholarship
  6. ^ a b c d e f "Lina Khan". Source of the Week. January 4, 2019. Retrieved February 25, 2019.
  7. ^ "Lina Khan". Lina Khan. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  8. ^ a b Meyer, Robinson (June 12, 2018). "How to Fight Amazon (Before You Turn 29)". The Atlantic. Retrieved September 8, 2018.
  9. ^ Kolhatkar, Sheelah (August 20, 2019). "How Elizabeth Warren Came Up with a Plan to Break Up Big Tech". The New Yorker. Retrieved July 7, 2020.
  10. ^ Khan, Lina M. (2019). "The Separation of Platforms and Commerce". Columbia Law Review. 119 (4): 973.
  11. ^ Columbia Law School (July 6, 2020). "Dean Gillian Lester announced that Lina Khan will join the Columbia Law faculty as an associate professor of law this fall. Khan is one of the leaders of an antitrust movement challenging some of the world's most powerful corporations". Twitter. Retrieved July 7, 2020.
  12. ^ "About". Lina Khan. Retrieved September 8, 2018.
  13. ^ Lohr, Steve (December 8, 2019). "This Man May Be Big Tech's Biggest Threat". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  14. ^ Kelly, Makena (March 22, 2021). "Biden to nominate tech antitrust pioneer Lina Khan for FTC commissioner". The Verge. Retrieved March 22, 2021.
  15. ^ "President Biden Announces his Intent to Nominate Lina Khan for Commissioner of the Federal Trade Commission". The White House. March 22, 2021. Retrieved March 22, 2021.
  16. ^ Brandom, Russell (June 15, 2021). "Tech antitrust pioneer Lina Khan confirmed as FTC commissioner". The Verge. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  17. ^ McCabe, David (June 15, 2021). "Biden Names Lina Khan, a Big-Tech Critic, as F.T.C. Chair". The New York Times. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  18. ^ "Foreign Policy's 100 Global Thinkers". Foreign Policy. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  19. ^ Team, Prospect. "The world's top 50 thinkers 2019". Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  20. ^ a b "WIRED25: Stories of People Who Are Racing to Save Us". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  21. ^ "Lina Khan – National Journal 50". nj50.nationaljournal.com. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  22. ^ "Washington's Most Powerful Women". Washingtonian. October 1, 2019. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  23. ^ a b Semuels, Alana. "This Legal Scholar Has Some Bold Ideas For How to Take on Major Companies Like Amazon". TIME.com. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  24. ^ Longman, Martin; Edelman, Gilad (October 29, 2017). "The Democrats Confront Monopoly". Washington Monthly. Vol. November/December 2017. ISSN 0043-0633. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  25. ^ Streitfeld, David (September 7, 2018). "Amazon's Antitrust Antagonist Has a Breakthrough Idea". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  26. ^ "Lina Khan: 'This isn't just about antitrust. It's about values'". www.ft.com. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  27. ^ premium, manager magazin. "Zerschlagung von Amazon, Facebook, Google: Lina Khan im Interview". manager magazin premium (in German). Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  28. ^ Galindo, Cristina (October 6, 2019). "¿Hay que trocear los gigantes tecnológicos?". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  29. ^ Braun, Elisa (January 2, 2019). "Lina Khan, la juriste qui fait trembler Amazon". Le Figaro.fr (in French). Retrieved May 11, 2020.
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