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List of DNA-tested mummies

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This is a purported list of ancient humans remains, including mummies, that may have been DNA tested. Provided as evidence of the testing are links to the mitochondrial DNA sequences, and/or to the human haplogroups to which each case has been assigned. Also provided is a brief description of when and where they lived.[according to whom?] Entries lacking a citation should be viewed with skepticism; in particular, cases with no sequence or haplogroup links, with citation, have no evidentiary basis for appearing.

mtDNA tests

The following mummies have undergone an mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) test, of remains with the indicated name, from the indicated locations:[citation needed]

Name Original Location
of Remains 		Date Lived
(years ago) 		Mitochondrial DNA sequence mtDNA Haplogroup Y-DNA Haplogroup
Paglicci 23 Italy 28,000[1] CRS [2] H[citation needed]
Paglicci 25 Italy 23,000[3] 7,025 AluI, 00073A, 11719G, 12308A [4] HV[4]|
Cheddar Man England >9,000[citation needed] 16192T,[citation needed] 16270T[citation needed] U5a[citation needed]
Ötzi the Iceman Austria/Italy 5,300 [5] K.[6][7] G2a2b[8]
Ahmose I Egypt 3,550[citation needed]
Seknet-re Egypt 3,550[citation needed]
Thutmose I Egypt 3,500[citation needed]
Amenhotep I Egypt 3,500[citation needed]
Ramesses III Egypt 3,200[9] E1b1a[10]
Yeshua bar Yehosef Israel 2,000[citation needed] 270G,[citation needed] 278T[citation needed]
Mariamene e Mara Israel 2,000[citation needed] 290G[citation needed]
The Norwich Anglo-Saxon England 1,000[citation needed] 16189A,[citation needed] 16223T,[citation needed] 16271C,[citation needed] 16278T[citation needed] X[citation needed]
Juanita the Ice Maiden Peru 500[citation needed] 16111T,[citation needed] 16223T,[citation needed] 16290T,[citation needed] 16319A[citation needed] A[citation needed]
Nonosabasut Newfoundland 190[citation needed] 093C,[citation needed] 189C,[citation needed] 213A,[citation needed] 223T,[citation needed] 278T[citation needed] X2a[citation needed] Q[citation needed]
Demasduit Newfoundland 190[citation needed] 223T,[citation needed] 298C,[citation needed] 325C,[citation needed] 327T[citation needed] C[citation needed]
Young Man of Byrsa Tunisia late 6th century BCE U5b2c1[11]

See also

References

  1. ^ Kambiz Kamrani (2006). "The 28,000 Year Old Paglicci 23 Cro-Magnon mtDNA Ain't Neandertal — It Is More Modern Than Anything Else". Anthropology.net. Archived from the original on January 20, 2016. Retrieved January 26, 2015.
  2. ^ Caramelli, David; Vai, Stefania (July 2008). "A 28,000 Years Old Cro-Magnon mtDNA Sequence Differs from All Potentially Contaminating Modern Sequences". PLoS ONE. 3 (7). Public Library of Science. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002700. Retrieved February 4, 2016.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  3. ^ Mallegni, F; Bertoldi, F; Manolis, S.K. (1999). "The Gravettian female human skeleton from Grotta Paglicci, south Italy". HOMO: Journal of Comparative Human Biology. 50 (2). Elsevier: 127–148.
  4. ^ a b Caramelli, David; Lalueza-Fox, Carles; et al. (May 27, 2003). "Evidence for a genetic discontinuity between Neandertals and 24,000-year-old anatomically modern Europeans". PNAS. 100 (11). NAS: 6593–6597. doi:10.1073/pnas.1130343100.
  5. ^ Bonani, Georges; Ivy, Susan D.; et al. (1994). "AMS 14
    C
     Age Determination of Tissue, Bone and Grass Samples from the Ötzal Ice Man"     (PDF). Radiocarbon. 36 (2). The Department of Geosciences, The University of Arizona: 247–250. doi:10.1017/s0033822200040534. Retrieved February 4, 2016.
  6. ^ Ermini, Luca; Olivieri, Cristina; et al. (November 11, 2008). "Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of the Tyrolean Iceman". Current Biology. 18 (21). Elsevier: 1687–93. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.09.028.
  7. ^ Endicott, Phillip; Sanchez, Juan J; et al. (2009). "Genotyping human ancient mtDNA control and coding region polymorphisms with a multiplexed Single-Base-Extension assay: The singular maternal history of the Tyrolean Iceman". BMC Genetics. 10. BioMed Central: 29. doi:10.1186/1471-2156-10-29.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  8. ^ Keller, Andreas; Graefen, Angela; et al. (February 28, 2012). "New insights into the Tyrolean Iceman's origin and phenotype as inferred by whole-genome sequencing". Nature Communications. 3. Nature Publishing Group: 698. doi:10.1038/ncomms1701.
  9. ^ "Study reveals that Pharaoh's throat was cut during royal coup". BMJ. 2012. Retrieved February 8, 2016. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  10. ^ Hawass, Zahi; Ismail, Somaia; Selim, Ashraf; Saleem, Sahar N.; Fathalla, Dina; Wasef, Sally; Gad, Ahmed Z.; Saad, Rama; Fares, Suzan; Amer, Hany; Gostner, Paul; Gad, Yehia Z.; Pusch, Carsten M.; Zink, Albert R. (December 17, 2012). "Revisiting the harem conspiracy and death of Ramesses III: anthropological, forensic, radiological,and genetic study". BMJ. 345. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.: e8268. doi:10.1136/bmj.e8268. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  11. ^ Matisoo-Smith EA, Gosling AL, Boocock J, Kardailsky O, Kurumilian Y, Roudesli-Chebbi S; et al. (May 25, 2016). "A European Mitochondrial Haplotype Identified in Ancient Phoenician Remains from Carthage, North Africa" (PDF). PLoS ONE. 11 (5). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0155046. Retrieved 28 May 2016.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

Further reading

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