List of state leaders in 1661

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1661.

Africa

• Kingdom of Bamum – Ngouloure (1629–1672)
• Kingdom of Dahomey – Houegbadja (1645–1685)
• Ethiopian Empire – Fasilides (1632–1667)

Asia

• China
  • Qing dynasty –
    1. Shunzhi Emperor (1644–1661)
    2. Kangxi Emperor (1661–1722)
  • Southern Ming – Prince of Gui (1646–1662)
• Empire of Japan –
  • Monarch – Go-Sai (1655–1663)
  • Shogun (Tokugawa) - Tokugawa Ietsuna (1651–1680)
  • Daimyos
    • Hirosaki Domain – Tsugaru Nobumasa (1656–1710)
    • Ichinoseki Domain – Tamura Muneyoshi (1660–1678)
  • Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Shitsu (1648–1668)
• Joseon (Korea) – Hyeonjong (1659–1674)
• Mughal Empire – Aurangzeb (1658–1707)
• Taiwan (Kingdom of Tungning)
  • Koxinga takes Taiwan from the Dutch, establishes pro-Ming base
  • Koxinga (1661–1662)

Europe

• Crimean Khanate – Mehmed IV Giray (1654–1666)
• Kingdom of Denmark and Norway – Frederick III (1648–1670)
• Kingdom of England – Charles II (1660–1685)
• Kingdom of France – Louis XIV (1643–1715)
• Republic of Genoa –
  1. Gian Bernardo Frugoni, Doge of Genoa (1660–1661)
  2. Antoniotto Invrea, Doge of Genoa (1661–1663)
• Holy Roman Empire – Leopold I (1658–1705)
  • Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg – Victor Amadeus (1656–1718)
  • Principality of Anhalt-Dessau – John George II (1660–1693)
  • Principality of Anhalt-Harzgerode – Frederick (1653–1670)
  • Principality of Anhalt-Köthen – William Louis (1649–1665)
  • Principality of Anhalt-Plötzkau –
    • Lebrecht, co-regent (1654–1665)
    • Emmanuel, co-regent (1653–1665)
  • Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst – John VI (1621–1667)
  • Duchy of Arenberg – Philip Francis (1640–1675)
  • Bishopric of Augsburg – Sigismund Franz (1646–1665)
  • Archduchy of Austria – Leopold VI (1657–1705)
  • Margraviate of Baden-Baden – William (1622–1677)
  • Margraviate of Baden-Durlach – Frederick VI (1659–1677)
  • Margraviate of Baden-Rodemachern – Herman Fortunatus (1622–1664)
  • Bishopric of Bamberg – Philipp Valentin (1653–1672)
  • Bishopric of Basel – Johann Konrad I (1656–1693)
  • Electorate of Bavaria – Ferdinand Maria (1651–1679)
  • Berchtesgaden Provostry – Maximilian Heinrich (1650–1688)
  • Kingdom of Bohemia – Leopold I (1656–1705)
  • Brandenburg-Prussia – Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg (1640–1688)
  • Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach – Albert II (1634–1667)
  • Margraviate of Brandenburg-Bayreuth – Christian Ernst (1655–1712)
  • Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach – George Albert (1655–1666)
  • Bishopric of Brixen – Antonio Crusino (1647–1663)
  • Duchy of Brunswick-Calenberg – George William (1648–1665)
  • Brunswick-Celle – Christian Louis (1648–1665)
  • Duchy of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel – Augustus the Younger (1635–1666)
  • Bishopric of Chur –
    1. Johann VI (1636–1661)
    2. Ulrich VI (1661–1692)
  • Electorate of Cologne – Maximilian Heinrich (1650–1688)
  • Bishopric of Constance – Johann Franz I (1645–1689)
  • Imperial Abbey of Corvey –
    1. Arnold IV (1638–1661)
    2. Bernhard Christoph (1661–1678)
  • Bishopric of Eichstädt – Marquard II (1637–1685)
  • Ellwangen Abbey – Johann Christoph, Provost of Ellwangen (1660–1674)
  • Bishopric of Freising – Albrecht Sigismund (1652–1685)
  • Imperial Abbey of Fulda – Joachim (1644–1671)
  • Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt –
    1. George II (1626–1661)
    2. Louis VI (1661–1678)
  • Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel – William VI (1637–1663)
  • Bishopric of Hildesheim – Maximilian Heinrich (1650–1688)
  • Hohenzollern-Hechingen
    1. Eitel Frederick V, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1623–1661)
    2. Philip Frederick Christopher, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1661–1671)
  • Imperial Ducal Abbey of Kempten – Romanus Bernhard Christoph (1639–1673)
  • Leuchtenberg – Albert VI, Landgraves of Leuchtenberg (1646–1666)
  • Prince-Bishopric of Liège – Maximilian Heinrich (1650–1688)
  • Duchy of Lorraine –
    1. Nicholas II (1634–1661)
    2. Charles IV (1661–1675)
  • Bishopric of Lübeck – Christian Albert (1655–1666)
  • Electorate of Mainz – Johann Philipp (1647–1673)
  • Bishopric of Münster – Bernhard Christoph (1650–1678)
  • Bishopric of Osnabrück –
    1. Franz Wilhelm (1648–1661)
    2. Ernst August (1661–1698)
  • Bishopric of Paderborn –
    1. Theodor Adolf (1650–1661)
    2. Ferdinand II (1661–1683)
  • Electorate of the Palatinate – Charles I Louis (1648–1680)
  • Palatinate-Neuburg – Philip William (1653–1690)
  • Palatinate-Simmern – Louis Henry (1655–1673)
  • Palatinate-Sulzbach – Christian Augustus (1632–1708)
  • Palatinate-Veldenz – Leopold Louis (1634–1694)
  • Palatinate-Zweibrücken –
    1. Frederick, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (1635–1661)
    2. Frederick Louis, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (1661–1681)
  • Bishopric of Passau – Leopold Wilhelm (1625–1662)
  • Bishopric of Regensburg –
    1. Franz Wilhelm (1649–1661)
    2. Johann Georg (1661–1663)
  • Archbishopric of Salzburg – Guidobald (1654–1668)
  • Duchy of Savoy – Charles Emmanuel II (1637–1675)
  • Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg – Frederick William II (1639–1669)
  • Duchy of Saxe-Gotha – Ernest I (1640–1675)
  • Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg – Julius Henry (1656–1665)
  • Duchy of Saxe-Merseburg – Christian I (1656–1691)
  • Duchy of Saxe-Weimar – William (1620–1662)
  • Duchy of Saxe-Weissenfels – Augustus (1656–1680)
  • Duchy of Saxe-Zeitz – Maurice (1656–1681)
  • Electorate of Saxony – John George II (1656–1680)
  • Spanish Netherlands – Philip VII, Duke of Burgundy, Brabant, etc. (1621–1665)
  • Bishopric of Speyer – Lothar Friedrich (1652–1675)
  • Principality of Stavelot-Malmedy – Franz I Egon, Abbot of Stablo and Malmedy (1657–1682)
  • Bishopric of Strasbourg – Leopold Wilhelm (1626–1662)
  • Bishopric of Trent – Sigismund Franz (1659–1665)
  • Archbishopric of Trier – Karl Kaspar (1652–1676)
  • County of Tyrol – Archduke Ferdinand Charles of Austria (1632–1662)
  • Bishopric of Worms – Hugo Eberhard (1654–1663)
  • Duchy of Württemberg – Eberhard III (1628–1674)
  • Duchy of Württemberg-Mömpelgard – Leopold Frederick (1631–1662)
  • Bishopric of Würzburg – Johann Philipp (1642–1673)
• Royal Hungary – Leopold I (1655–1705)
• Kingdom of Ireland – Charles II (1660–1685)
• Duchy of Mantua – Carlo III (1637–1665)
• Duchy of Milan – Philip III (1621–1665)
• Duchy of Modena – Alfonso IV (1658–1662)
• Kingdom of Naples – Philip III (1621–1665)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
  • Sultan - Mehmed IV, the Hunter (1648–1687)
  • Grand Vizier
    1. Köprülü Mehmed Pasha (1565–1561)
    2. Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha (1661–1676)
• Papal States – Pope Alexander VII (1655–1677)
• Duchy of Parma – Ranuccio II (1646–1694)
• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth – Jan II Kazimierz Vasa (1648–1668)
• Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – Afonso VI (1656–1667)
• Tsardom of Russia – Alexis I (1645–1676)
• Kingdom of Scotland – Charles II (1649/1660–1685)
• Kingdom of Sicily – Philip III (1621–1665)
• Kingdom of Spain – Philip IV (1621–1665)
• Swedish Empire – Charles XI (1660–1697)
• Principality of Transylvania – Michael I Apafi (1632–1690)
• Grand Duchy of Tuscany – Ferdinando II (1621–1670)
• United Provinces
  • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
  • Grand Pensionary of Holland - Johan de Witt (1653–1672)
• Republic of Venice – Domenico II Contarini, Doge of Venice (1659–1674)

North America

• New France
  • Monarch : Louis XIV, King of France (1643–1715)
  • Governors
    1. Pierre de Voyer d'Argenson (1658–1661)
    2. Pierre Dubois Davaugour (1661–1663)