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Maria of Aragon, Queen of Portugal

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For other people with the same name, see Maria of Aragon (disambiguation).
Maria of Aragon
Queen consort of Portugal and the Algarves
Reign30 October 1500 – 7 March 1517
Born(1482-06-29)29 June 1482
Córdoba, Kingdom of Castile
Died7 March 1517(1517-03-07) (aged 34)
Lisbon, Kingdom of Portugal
Burial
Jerónimos Monastery, Lisbon, Kingdom of Portugal
SpouseManuel I of Portugal
IssueJohn III of Portugal
Isabel, Holy Roman Empress
Beatriz, Duchess of Savoy
Luís, Duke of Beja
Ferdinand, Duke of Guarda
Infante Afonso
Henry I of Portugal
Infanta Maria
Duarte, Duke of Guimarães
Infante Antonio
HouseTrastámara
FatherFerdinand II of Aragon
MotherIsabella I of Castile
ReligionRoman Catholic

Maria of Aragon (29 June 1482 – 7 March 1517) was a Spanish infanta, and queen consort of Portugal as the second spouse of Portuguese King Manuel I.

Life

She was born at Córdoba on 29 June 1482 as the third surviving daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon (the Catholic monarchs). She was the fourth of their five surviving children, and had a stillborn twin sister named Anna.[1]

Queen

As an infanta of Spain, her hand in marriage was very important in European politics; before her marriage to Manuel I of Portugal, her parents entertained the idea of marrying her off to King James IV of Scotland.[2] This was at a time when her younger sister Catherine's marriage to Arthur, Prince of Wales, was being planned. Ferdinand and Isabella thought if Maria was Queen of Scotland, the two sisters could keep the peace between their husbands. These plans, however, came to nothing. Her eldest sister Isabella, Princess of Asturias, was the first wife of Manuel I, but her death in 1498 created a necessity for Manuel to remarry; Maria became the next bride of the Portuguese king, reaffirming dynastic links with Spanish royal houses.

Manuel and Maria were married in Alcácer do Sal on 30 October 1500,[3] and was granted Viseu and Torres Vedras as her dower. She had 10 children, eight of whom reached adulthood, including King John III of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress Isabella, and Beatrice, Duchess of Savoy.

Queen Maria became known as a fervent Catholic. She supported king Manuel's religious-imperial project, including the plan to conquer the Mamluk's realm, destroy Mecca and Medina and reconquer Christian holy places such as Jerusalem. She co-founded the Jeronimos Monastery in Lisbon.[4]

Maria died in Lisbon on 7 March 1517, and was buried at the Jerónimos Monastery of Belém. She died as a result of her last pregnancy.

Legacy

In 1580, the dynastic links from the marriage led to a succession crisis in Portugal that made Philip II of Spain king of Portugal as Philip I of Portugal.

Ancestry

Children

Her marriage with Manuel produced the following children:

Crown of Castile
Royal dynasties
House of Trastámara
Henry II
Children include
John I
Eleanor, Queen of Navarre
John I
Children include
Henry III
Ferdinand I of Aragon
Henry III
Children include
John II
Maria, Queen of Aragon
John II
Children include
Henry IV
Isabella I
Alfonso, Prince of Asturias
Henry IV
Children
Joanna, Queen of Portugal
Isabella I with Ferdinand V
Children
Isabella, Queen of Portugal
John, Prince of Asturias
Joanna I, Queen of Castile
Maria, Queen of Portugal
Catherine, Queen of England
Joanna I
Children
Eleanor, Queen of France
Charles I
Isabella, Queen of Denmark
Maria, Queen of Hungary
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
Catherine, Queen of Portugal
Name Birth Death Notes
King John III 6 June 1502 11 June 1557 succeeded Manuel as King of Portugal. Had issue.
Infanta Isabella 24 October 1503 1 May 1539 married Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Had issue.
Infanta Beatrice 31 December 1504 8 January 1538 married Charles III, Duke of Savoy. Had issue.
Infante Luis, Duke of Beja 3 March 1506 27 November 1555 Unmarried but had illegitimate descendants, one of them being Antonio, Prior of Crato, a claimant of the throne of Portugal in 1580 (See: Struggle for the throne of Portugal).
Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Guarda 5 June 1507 7 November 1534 Married Guiomar Coutinho, Countess of Marialva. No surviving issue.
Infante Afonso 23 April 1509 21 April 1540 Cardinal of the Kingdom.
King Henrique 31 January 1512 31 January 1580 Cardinal of the Kingdom who succeeded his grandnephew King Sebastian (Manuel's great-grandson) as 17th King of Portugal. His death triggered the struggle for the throne of Portugal.
Infanta Maria 3 February 1513 Died at birth.
Infante Duarte, Duke of Guimarães 7 October 1515 20 September 1540 Duke of Guimarães and great-grandfather of John IV of Portugal. Married Isabella of Braganza, daughter of Jaime, Duke of Braganza.
Infante Antonio 9 September 1516 Died at birth.

Her widowed husband remarried yet once more, in 1518, also this time from her family: Maria's niece Eleanor of Austria.

Notes

  1. ^ Philippa was the daughter John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster to his first wife Blanche of Lancaster,[16] making her half-sister of Catherine of Aragon's maternal great-grandmother Catherine of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster to his second wife Constance of Castile.

References

  1. ^ Harris 2017, p. 78.
  2. ^ Bergenroth 1862, p. 167-180.
  3. ^ Howe 2008, p. 53.
  4. ^ Harris 2017, p. 79.
  5. ^ a b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Ferdinand V. of Castile and Leon and II. of Aragon" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  6. ^ a b Isabella I, Queen of Spain at the Encyclopædia Britannica
  7. ^ a b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "John II of Aragon" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  8. ^ a b c d Ortega Gato, Esteban (1999). "Los Enríquez, Almirantes de Castilla" [The Enríquezes, Admirals of Castille] (PDF). Publicaciones de la Institución "Tello Téllez de Meneses" (in Spanish). 70: 42. ISSN 0210-7317.
  9. ^ a b c Henry III, King of Castille at the Encyclopædia Britannica
  10. ^ a b c Lee, Sidney, ed. (1896). "Philippa of Lancaster" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 45. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 167.
  11. ^ a b c Gerli, E. Michael; Armistead, Samuel G. (2003). Medieval Iberia. Taylor & Francis. p. 182. ISBN 9780415939188. Retrieved 17 May 2018.
  12. ^ a b Ferdinand I, King of Aragon at the Encyclopædia Britannica
  13. ^ a b Miron, E. L. (1913). "Doña Leonor of Alburquerque". The Queens of Aragon: Their Lives and Times. Brentano's. p. 265. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
  14. ^ a b "Mariana de Ayala Córdoba y Toledo". Ducal House of Medinaceli Foundation. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
  15. ^ a b Leese, Thelma Anna, Blood royal: issue of the kings and queens of medieval England, 1066–1399, (Heritage Books Inc., 1996), 222.
  16. ^ Armitage-Smith, Sydney (1905). John of Gaunt: King of Castile and Leon, Duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster, Earl of Derby, Lincoln, and Leicester, Seneschal of England. Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 77. Retrieved 17 May 2018.

Sources

  • Bergenroth, G A, ed. (1862). "Spain: July 1498, 21-31". Calendar of State Papers, Spain, Volume 1, 1485-1509. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Harris, Carolyn (2017). Raising Royalty: 1000 Years of Royal Parenting. Dundurn Press. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Howe, Elizabeth Teresa (2008). Education and Women in the Early Modern Hispanic World. Ashgate Publishing Limited. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)


Media related to Maria of Aragon at Wikimedia Commons

Maria of Aragon, Queen of Portugal
Born: 29 June 1482 Died: 7 March 1517
Portuguese royalty
Preceded by Queen Consort of Portugal
30 October 1500 – 7 March 1517 		Succeeded by
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