1963 New Zealand general election

1963 New Zealand general election

30 November 1963 (1963-11-30)
All 80 seats in the New Zealand Parliament 41 seats were needed for a majority
Turnout	1,196,631 (89.6%)
First party Second party   File:Keith Holyoake.jpg Leader Keith Holyoake Arnold Nordmeyer Party National Labour Leader since 1957 1963 Leader's seat Pahiatua Island Bay Last election 46 seats, 47.6% 34 seats, 43.4% Seats won 45 35 Seat change 1 1 Popular vote 563,875 524,066 Percentage 47.1% 43.7% Swing 0.5% 0.6%
Prime Minister before election Keith Holyoake National Elected Prime Minister Keith Holyoake National

The 1963 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of New Zealand Parliament's 34th term. The results were almost identical to those of the previous election, and the governing National Party remained in office.

Background

The 1960 election had been won by the National Party, beginning New Zealand's second period of National government. Keith Holyoake, who had briefly been Prime Minister at the end of the first period, returned to office. The elderly leader of the Labour Party, Walter Nash, had agreed to step down following his government's defeat, but disliked the prospect of being succeeded by his Minister of Finance, Arnold Nordmeyer. Nash instead backed first Clarence (Gerry) Skinner and then, after Skinner's death, Fred Hackett. In the end, however, Nordmeyer was victorious. Nordmeyer, however, was unpopular with the general public, being remembered with hostility for the tax hikes in his so-called 'Black Budget'. Labour struggled to overcome this negative perception of its leader, and was only partially successful.

There had been an unusually large number of by-elections during the term of the 33rd Parliament. None of these had resulted in any upsets, and there was little indication for the population wanting a change. Holyoake started his election campaign on 4 November, not even a month out from the election. Whilst television had just been introduced in New Zealand, the election campaign was a dull affair. And from 23 November, the Assassination of John F. Kennedy was the dominant topic in the media.

The election

The date for the main 1963 elections was 30 November. 1,345,836 people were registered to vote, and turnout was 89.6%. This turnout was around average for the time. The number of seats being contested was 80, a number which had been fixed since 1902.

The following new (or reconstituted) electorates were introduced in 1963: Manurewa, New Lynn, Pakuranga, Porirua, Rangiora, Taupo and Waimarino.

Results

The 1963 election saw the governing National Party retain office by a ten-seat margin. It had previously held office by a twelve-seat margin. National won a total of forty-five seats, while the Labour Party won thirty-five. In the popular vote, National won 47.1% to Labour's 43.7%. The Social Credit Party won 7.9% of the vote, but no seats. Four of their candidates also missed the nomination deadline. One political analyst, Professor Robert Chapman, called it "the no change election".

Puti Tipene Watene was elected for Eastern Maori; he was a Mormon and was the first non-Ratana to win a Maori seat since 1938.

Election results
Party		Candidates	Total votes	Percentage	Seats won	Change
width=5 bgcolor=Template:New Zealand National Party/meta/color|	National	80	563,875	47.1	45	-1
bgcolor=Template:New Zealand Labour Party/meta/color|	Labour	80	524,066	43.7	35	+1
bgcolor=Template:Social Credit Party (New Zealand)/meta/color|	Social Credit	76	95,176	7.9	-	±0
	Liberal	23	10,339	0.9	-	±0
bgcolor=Template:Communist Party of New Zealand/meta/color|	Communist	22	3,167	0.3	-	±0
	Others	9	1,422	0.1	-	±0
Total		290	1,196,631		80

Votes summary

Popular Vote National   47.10% Labour   43.70% Social Credit   7.90% Others   1.30%

Parliament seats National   56.25% Labour   43.75%

References

• Gustafson, Barry (1986). The First 50 Years : A History of the New Zealand National Party. Auckland: Reed Methuen. ISBN 0-474-00177-6. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Gustafson, Barry (2007). Kiwi Keith: a biography of Keith Holyoake. Auckland: Auckland University Press. ISBN 978-1-86940-400-0. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)