Pityrodia
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| Pityrodia augustensis | |
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| Genus: | Pityrodia |
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Pityrodia is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae and is endemic to Australia, most species occurring in Western Australia, a few in the Northern Territory and one in Queensland. Plants in this genus are shrubs with five petals joined to form a tube-shaped flower with four stamens of unequal lengths.
Description
Plants in the genus Pityrodia are evergreen shrubs with erect, usually cylindrical branches. The leaves are simple, net-veined and their bases partly wrap around the stem (decurrent). The flowers may occur singly or in groups and exhibit left-right symmetry. There are 5 sepals which are joined at their bases and 5 petals joined to form a tube. The tube may have 5, unequally sized lobes at the tip or two "lips" - the upper lip having two lobes and the lower one three. There are four stamens with one pair longer than the other. The fruit is a drupe containing up to four seeds.[2][3]
Taxonomy and naming
The genus was first described by Robert Brown in 1810. Brown published his description in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae and designated Pityrodia salvifolia as the type species.[1][4] The name Pityrodia is an Ancient Greek word meaning "scale-like".[5]
Pityrodia was originally included in the Verbenaceae. In a review of the genus in 1979, Ahmad Abid Munir included Pityrodia and nine other genera in a family Chloanthaceae, all endemic to Australia and sometimes referred to as "Australian Verbenaceae".[2] The name Chloanthaceae has not been widely adopted and Pityrodia is now included in the Lamiaceae.[6]
Distribution
In his 1979 paper, Munir described 27 species from Western Australia, 16 from the Northern Territory and one from Queensland,[2] but in 2011, Barry Conn, Murray Henwood and Nicola Streiber transferred some species to Dasymalla, Hemiphora and Quoya and raised a new genus Muniria to which four species of the former Pityrodia were transferred.[7] A new species from Western Australia, (Pityrodia iphthima) has since been described.[6]
The species remaining in Pityrodia are:[1]
- Pityrodia augustensis Munir - Mt. Augustus Foxglove (W.A.
- Pityrodia byrnesii Munir (N.T.)
- Pityrodia canaliculata A.S.George (W.A.)
- Pityrodia chrysocalyx (F.Muell.) C.A.Gardner (W.A.)
- Pityrodia gilruthiana Munir (N.T.)
- Pityrodia hemigenioides (F.Muell.) Benth. (W.A.)
- Pityrodia iphthima K.A.Sheph. (W.A.)
- Pityrodia jamesii Specht (N.T.)
- Pityrodia lanuginosa Munir (N.T.)
- Pityrodia lepidota (F.Muell.) E.Pritz. (W.A.)
- Pityrodia loricata (F.Muell.) E.Pritz. (W.A., N.T., S.A.)
- Pityrodia obliqua W.Fitzg. (W.A.)
- Pityrodia puberula Munir (N.T.)
- Pityrodia pungens Munir (N.T.)
- Pityrodia salviifolia R.Br. (Qld.)
- Pityrodia scabra A.S.George (W.A.)
- Pityrodia serrata Munir (N.T.)
- Pityrodia spenceri Munir (N.T.)
- Pityrodia ternifolia (F.Muell.) Munir - Golden Bush (W.A., N.T.)
- Pityrodia viscida W.Fitzg. (W.A.)
References
- ^ a b c "Pityrodia". APNI. Retrieved 15 September 2016.
- ^ a b c Munir, Ahmad Abid (1979). "A taxonomic revision of the genus Pityrodia (Chloanthaceae)". Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden. 2 (1): 1–138.
- ^ "Pityrodia". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
- ^ Brown, Robert (1810). Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae. London. p. 153. Retrieved 15 September 2016.
- ^ Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 683.
- ^ a b Shepherd, Kelly A. (2007). "Pityrodia iphthima (Lamiaceae), a new species endemic to banded ironstone in Western Australia, with notes on two informally recognised Pityrodia". Nuytsia. 17 (1): 347–352.
- ^ Conn, Barry J.; Henwood, Murray J.; Streiber, Nicola (2011). "Synopsis of the tribe Chloantheae and new nomenclatural combinations in Pityrodia s.lat. (Lamiaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 24 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1071/SB10039.