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Province of Trapani

Coordinates: 38°01′02″N 12°32′43″E / 38.01722°N 12.54528°E / 38.01722; 12.54528
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Province of Trapani
Province
Lago di Paceco
Lago di Paceco
Map highlighting the location of the province of Trapani in Italy
Map highlighting the location of the province of Trapani in Italy
Country Italy
RegionSicily
Capital(s)Trapani
Comuni24
Area
 • Total
2,460 km2 (950 sq mi)
Population
 (2013)
 • Total
436,150
 • Density180/km2 (460/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
91100
Telephone prefix0923
Vehicle registrationTP
ISTAT081

Trapani (Template:Lang-it, Template:Lang-scn) is a province in the autonomous island region of Sicily in Italy. Its capital is the city of Trapani. It has an area of 2,460 square kilometres (950 sq mi) and a total population of 436,150 (2013).[1] There are 24 comunes (Italian: comuni) in the province (see Comuni of the Province of Trapani).

Besides the capital Trapani, other cities and places of interest in the province include Segesta, Gibellina, Erice, Castelvetrano, Alcamo, Marsala, Mazara del Vallo, Castellammare del Golfo, and Mozia. The nearby island of Pantelleria, noted for its wine production,[2] and the Aegadian Islands are also administratively a part of Trapani province. The Province of Trapani is a major centre for viticulture.[3]

History

The area now covered by the province was occupied successively by the Carthaginians, Greeks and latterly by the Romans. The port of Trapani, first known as Drepana, then Drepanon, was inhabited by the Sicani and the Elymi becoming a prosperous Phoenician trading centre by the 8th century B.C. It was taken by the Carthaginians in 260 B.C. and by the Romans in 240 B.C., becoming a civitas romana until 440 A.D. when it was sacked by the Vandals, then by the Byzantines and ultimately by the Muslims in 830. In the 16th century, it received privileges under Emperor Charles V of Spain who also strengthened the town walls. Trapani became the provincial capital in 1817.[4]

Geography

The province of Trapani borders the Tyrrhenian Sea to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Strait of Sicily to the west. It is bordered to the east with only the provinces of Palermo and Agrigento. The territory has few flat areas, although with the exception of the mountains of Sparagio (1,110 m)[5] and Inici (1065 m),[6] most land is under 1000 metres. The northwestern part is rugged in comparison to the south. The province also includes the archipelago of the Egadi Islands belonging to the comune of Favignana, the island of Pantelleria which is the largest of Sicily, in the comune of the same name, and the Stagnone Islands, which belong to the comune of Marsala. The Egadi Islands consist of three main islands, Favignana, Levanzo and Marettimo and two islets, Formica and Maraone.[7]

The province of Trapani has a number of rivers but most are not of notable size or importance, except for the Belice River on the border of the province,[8] and the Birgi River, with a length of about 40 km. Other rivers include the torrential Modione, Mazaro, the Fiume, the Salemi and the Sossius, the latter of which flows into the Mediterranean Sea at the resort of Berbaro.

Natural lakes such as Gorghi Tondi and Preola are in the comune of Mazara del Vallo, and the Lago di Venere is in Pantelleria. There are also three man-made lakes, Lago Rubino, created by a dam across the Cuddia River, which is part of the catchment area of the Birgi, at Lago Trinità in Castelvetrano, and the lake of the same name at the resort of Paceco. However, there is also a coastal lagoon, the Stagnone Lagoon, within a 2000 hectare reserve on the stretch of coast between Punta Alga and Cape San Teodoro,[9] near Marsala, in an area which was once an important naval base and commercial for the Phoenicians. The waters are shallow and very salty, with marshland. The lagoon consists of four islands: Isola Longa Santa Maria, San Pantaleo and Schola.[9]

References

  1. ^ "Index". Demo.istat.it. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
  2. ^ Mencarelli, Fabio; Tonutti, Pietro (16 April 2013). Sweet, Reinforced and Fortified Wines: Grape Biochemistry, Technology and Vinification. John Wiley & Sons. p. 230. ISBN 978-1-118-56920-7.
  3. ^ The Italian Wine Guide: The Definitive Guide to Touring, Sourcing and Tasting. Touring Editore. 1 November 2004. p. 327. ISBN 978-88-365-3085-4.
  4. ^ Domenico, Roy Palmer (2002). The Regions of Italy: A Reference Guide to History and Culture. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 293–. ISBN 978-0-313-30733-1.
  5. ^ Sicilia (in Italian). Touring Editore. 1989. p. 262. ISBN 978-88-365-0350-6.
  6. ^ GŠrtner, Otto (2013). Sizilien (in German). Baedeker. p. 173. ISBN 978-3-8297-1456-3.
  7. ^ Valdes, Giuliano (1 May 2000). Sicilia. Ediz. Inglese. Casa Editrice Bonechi. p. 57. ISBN 978-88-7009-826-6.
  8. ^ Talbert, R J A (15 February 2007). Timoleon and the Revival of Greek Sicily: 344-317 B.C. Cambridge University Press. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-521-03413-5.
  9. ^ a b Leone (October 2013). Itatour. Accessibilità diffusa, spazi del tempo libero e territori del turismo nella punta occidentale della Sicilia: Accessibilità diffusa, spazi del tempo libero e territori del turismo nella punta occidentale della Sicilia (in Italian). FrancoAngeli. p. 63. ISBN 978-88-204-4811-0.
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38°01′02″N 12°32′43″E / 38.01722°N 12.54528°E / 38.01722; 12.54528

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