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San Sisto Vecchio

Coordinates: 41°52′49″N 12°29′46″E / 41.8804°N 12.496°E / 41.8804; 12.496
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The Basilica of San Sisto Vecchio (in Via Appia) is one of the over minor basilicas among the churches of Rome, and a titular church since 600 AD, which normally carries the rank of Cardinal priest.

Woodcut of San Sisto Vecchio in the 16th century, from Le cose maravigliose dell'alma città di Roma (Venice: Girolamo Francino, 1588)

Basilica

It was built in the 4th century, and is recorded as the Titulus Crescentianae, thus relating the church to some Crescentia, possibly a Roman woman who founded the church. According to tradition, the church was established by Pope Anastasius I (399-401).

The church is dedicated to St. Pope Sixtus II and houses his relics, transferred here from the Catacomb of Callixtus in the 6th century.

San Sisto was rebuilt in the early 13th century, by Pope Innocent III. The current church is the result of the restorations of Pope Benedict XIII (18th century), which left only the bell tower and the apse from the medieval church.

A 13th-century fresco cycle depicting the Scenes from the New Testament and the Apocrypha is conserved.

Pope Honorius III entrusted the reform of the monastery at San Sisto Vecchio circa 1218 to Saint Dominic, intending it as part of the reformation of nuns in Rome. In 1219 Honorius then invited Dominic and his companions to take up permanent residence at the ancient Roman basilica of Santa Sabina, which they did by early 1220, founding a convent and studium on June 5, 1222, the original studium of the Dominican Order at Rome out of which would grow the 16th-century College of Saint Thomas at Santa Maria sopra Minerva and the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum.[1]

Dominican nuns still occupy the monastery at San Sisto Vecchio.

Cardinal protectors

(incomplete - medieval incumbents unavailable) (Cardinal priests unless mentioned otherwise and Italicized like other special cases)

  • Cardinal-priest Giovanni, Cassinese Benedictine Congregation (O.S.B. Cas.) (1168 – 1177), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Arnaud de Villemur, Canons Regular of Saint Augustine (C.R.S.A.) (1350.12.17 – 1355.10.28), French
  • Cardinal-priest Nicolás Rossell, Dominican Order (O.P.) (1356.12.23 – 1362.03.28), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Simon Langham, English Benedictine Congregation (E.B.C.) (1368.09.22 – 1373.08), English (UK)
  • Cardinal-priest Luca Rodolfucci de Gentili (1378.09.18 – 1389.01.18), Italian
  • Pseudocardinal-priest Leonardo Rossi da Giffoni, Friars Minor (O.F.M.) (* 1378.12.18 – 1398.10), Italian
  • Blessed Cardinal-priest Giovanni Dominici, O.P. (1408.05.09 – 1419.06.10), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Juan Casanova, O.P. (1431.07.04 – 1436.03.01), Spanish
  • Cardinal-priest Juan de Torquemada, O.P. (1440.01.08 – 1446), Spanish
  • Pseudocardinal-priest Giovanni di Ragusa, O.P. (* 1440.10.02 – 1443.10), Croatian
  • Cardinal-priest Pietro Riario, O.F.M. (1471.12.22 – 1474.01.03), French
  • Cardinal-priest Pedro Ferris (1476.12.30 – 1478.09.25), Spanish
  • Cardinal-priest Cosma Orsini, O.S.B. Cas. (1480.06? – 1480.06.03), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Pierre de Foix, O.F.M. (1485.08 – 1490.08.10), Maltese
  • Cardinal-priest Paolo Fregoso (1490 – 1498.03.22), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Georges d’Amboise (1498.09.17 – 1510.05.25), French
  • Cardinal-priest Achille Grassi (1511.03.17 – 1517.07.06), Polish
  • Cardinal-priest Tommaso Cajetan de Vio, O.P. (1517.07.06 – 1534.03.14), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Nikolaus von Schönberg, O.P. (1537.05.31 – 1537.09.07), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Gian Pietro Carafa (later Pope Paul IV) (1537.09.24 – 1541.07.06), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Juan Álvarez de Toledo, O.P. (1541.07.06 – 1547.01.24), Spanish
  • Cardinal-deacon Charles de Bourbon-Vendôme (1549.02.25 – 1561.01.15 pro illa vice Deaconry), French
  • Cardinal-priest Philibert Babou de la Bourdaisière (1561.03.10 – 1564.11.17), French
  • Cardinal-priest Ugo Boncompagni (later Pope Gregory XIII) (1565.05.15 – 1572.05.13), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Filippo Boncompagni (1572.06.16 – 1586.06.09), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Jerzy Radziwiłł (1586.07.14 – 1600.01.21), Polish
  • Cardinal-priest Alfonso Visconti (1600.01.24 – 1608.09.19), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Giambattista Leni (1608.12.10 – 1618.03.05), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Francisco Gómez Rojas de Sandoval (1621.03 – 1625.05.17), Spanish
  • Cardinal-priest Laudivio Zacchia (1626.02.09 – 1629.09.17), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Agostino Oreggi (1634.01.09 – 1635.07.12), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Carlo de’ Medici (1644.12.12 – 1645.03.06), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Domenico Cecchini (1645.04.24 – 1656.05.01), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Giulio Rospigliosi (later Pope Clement IX) (1657.04.23 – 1667.06.20), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Giacomo Rospigliosi (1668.01.30 – 1672.05.16), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Vincenzo Maria Orsini de Gravina, O.P. (later Pope Benedict XIII) (1672.05.16 – 1701.01.03), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Nicolò Spinola (1716.06.08 – 1725.01.29), Spanish
  • Cardinal-priest Agostino Pipia, O.P. (1725.01.29 – 1729.03.03), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Louis-Antoine de Noailles (1729.03.03 – 1729.05.04), French
  • Cardinal-priest Francesco Antonio Finy (1729.07.06 – 1738.09.03), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Vincenzo Ludovico Gotti, O.P. (1738.09.26 – 1742.09.18), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Luigi Maria Lucini, O.P. (1743.09.23 – 1745.01.17), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Carlo Vittorio Amedeo Delle Lanze (1747.10.02 – 1758.11.22), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Giuseppe Agostino Orsi, O.P. (1759.11.19 – 1761.06.13), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Giovanni Molino (1769.06.26 – 1773.03.14), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Juan Tomás de Boxadors y Sureda de San Martín, O.P. (1775.12.18 – 1780.12.16), Spanish
  • Cardinal-priest Jean-Baptist-Marie-Anne-Antoine de Latil (1829.05.21 – 1839.12.01), French
  • Cardinal-priest Gaspare Bernardo Pianetti (1840.12.17 – 1862.01.30), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Filippo Maria Guidi, O.P. (1863.03.19 – 1872.07.29, 1872.07.29 – 1877.06.20 in commendum), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Lucido Maria Parocchi (1877.06.25 – 1884.03.24), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Camillo Siciliano di Rende (1887.05.26 – 1897.05.16), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Giuseppe Antonio Ermenegildo Prisco (1898.03.24 – 1923.02.04), Italian
  • Cardinal-priest Achille Liénart (1930.07.03 – 1973.02.15), French
  • Cardinal-priest Octavio Antonio Beras Rojas (1976.05.24 – 1990.12.01), Dominican Republic
  • Cardinal-priest Ignatius Kung Pin-mei (龔品梅) (1991.06.30 – 2000.03.12), PR China

References

  1. ^ Pierre Mandonnet, O.P., St. Dominic and His Work, Translated by Sister Mary Benedicta Larkin, O.P., B. Herder Book Co., St. Louis/London, 1948, Chapt. III, note 50: "If the installation at Santa Sabina does not date from 1220, at least it is from 1221. The official grant was made only in June, 1222 (Bullarium O.P., I, 15). But the terms of the papal bull show that there had been a concession earlier. Before that concession the Pope said that the friars had no hospitium in Rome. At that time St. Sixtus was no longer theirs; Conrad of Metz could not have alluded to St. Sixtus, therefore, when he said in 1221: "the Pope has conferred on them a house in Rome" (Laurent no. 136). It is possible that the Pope was waiting for the completion of the building that he was having done at Santa Sabina, before giving the title to the property, on June 5, 1222, to the new Master of the Order, elected not many days before." http://www.domcentral.org/trad/domwork/domwork03.htm Accessed 2012-5-20.

41°52′49″N 12°29′46″E / 41.8804°N 12.496°E / 41.8804; 12.496

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