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Sergei Dovlatov

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This article is about the writer. For the 2018 biopic, see Dovlatov (film).
Sergei Dovlatov
Серге́й Дона́тович Довла́тов
File:Dovlatov voice.jpg
Sergei Dovlatov on the front cover of one of his books
BornSergei Donatovich Dovlatov-Mechik
(1941-09-03)September 3, 1941
Ufa, Bashkir ASSR, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
DiedAugust 24, 1990(1990-08-24) (aged 48)
New York City, United States
OccupationJournalist and writer
NationalityRussian, Armenian, American
Period1977–1990

Sergei Donatovich Dovlatov-Mechik (Template:Lang-ru; September 3, 1941 in Ufa, RSFSR, USSR – August 24, 1990 in New York City) was a Russian journalist and writer of Armenian and Jewish origin. Internationally, he is one of the most popular Russian writers of the late 20th century.[1]

Biography

Mount Hebron Cemetery, New York, July 26, 2010

Dovlatov was born on September 3, 1941 in Ufa, Republic of Bashkiria within RSFSR, USSR, where his family had been evacuated in the beginning of World War II from Leningrad and lived with a collaborator of The People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD) for three years. His mother, Nora Dovlatova, was Armenian and worked as a proofreader, and his father, Donat Mechik [ru], was Jewish and a theater director.[2]

After 1944 he lived with his mother in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg). Dovlatov studied at the Finnish Department of Leningrad State University, but flunked after two and a half years. There he socialized with the Leningrad poets Yevgeny Rain, Anatoly Naiman, Joseph Brodsky, the writer Sergey Wolf, and the artist Alexander Ney.

He was drafted into the Soviet Internal Troops and served as a prison guard in high-security camps. Later, he earned his living as a journalist in various newspapers and magazines in Leningrad and then as a correspondent of the Tallinn newspaper "Sovetskaja Estonia" (Советская Эстония/Soviet Estonia). He supplemented his income by being a summer tour guide in the Pushkin preserve, a museum near Pskov. Dovlatov wrote prose fiction, but his numerous attempts to get published in the Soviet Union were in vain.

Unable to publish in the Soviet Union, Dovlatov circulated his writings through samizdat and by having them smuggled into Western Europe for publication in foreign journals; an activity that caused his expulsion from the Union of Soviet Journalists in 1976. The typeset 'formes' of his first book were destroyed under the order of the KGB. In 1976, some stories by Dovlatov had been published in Western Russian-language magazines, including "Continent", "Time and us", resulting in his expulsion from the Union of Journalists of the USSR.[3]

In 1979 Dovlatov emigrated from the Soviet Union with his mother, Nora, and came to live with his wife and daughter in New York City, where he later co-edited "The New American", a liberal, Russian-language émigré newspaper. In the mid 1980s, Dovlatov finally achieved recognition as a writer, being printed in the prestigious magazine The New Yorker. Dovlatov died of heart failure on August 24, 1990 in New York City[4] and was buried at the Mount Hebron Cemetery.

Works

Sergei Dovlatov published twelve books in the United States and Europe during his twelve years as an immigrant. In the USSR, the writer was known from underground publication Samizdat and broadcasting organization Radio Liberty Channel since his works were not published in the Soviet Union. After his death and the beginning of Perestroika as a turning point in the Russian history, numerous collections of his short stories were also published in Russia.

Published during his lifetime:

  • The Invisible Book (Невидимая книга) — Аnn Arbor: Ardis, 1977
  • Solo on Underwood: Notebooks (Соло на ундервуде: Записные книжки) — Paris: Третья волна, 1980.
  • The Compromise (Компромисс) — New York: Knopf, 1981.
  • The Zone: A Prison Camp Guard's Story (Зона: Записки надзирателя), 1982 (trans. New York: Knopf, 1985)
  • Pushkin Hills (Заповедник), 1983 (trans. Berkeley, CA: Counterpoint, 2014)
    Memorial plaque on Dovlatov's house. Saint-Petersburg (Russia), Rubinstein str.
  • The March of the Single People (Марш одиноких) — Holyoke: New England Publishing Co, 1983.
  • Ours (Наши) — Ann Arbor: Ардис, 1983.
  • Demarche of Enthusiasts (Демарш энтузиастов) (cowritten with Vagrich Bakhchanyan and N. Sagalovskij) — Paris: Синтаксис, 1985.
  • Craft: A Story in Two Parts (Ремесло: Повесть в двух частях) — Ann Arbor: Ардис, 1985.
  • A Foreign Woman (Иностранка) — New York: Russica Publishers, 1986.
  • The Suitcase (Чемодан) — Tenafly: Эрмитаж, 1986.
  • The Performance (Представление) — New York: Russica Publishers, 1987.
  • Not only Brodsky: Russian Culture in Portraits and Jokes (He только Бродский: Русская культура в портретах и в анекдотах) (cowritten with M. Volkova) — New York: Слово — Word, 1990.
  • Notebooks (Записные книжки) — New York: Слово — Word, 1990.
  • Affiliate (Филиал) — New York: Слово — Word, 1990.

Critical perception

Joseph Brodsky said of Dovlatov, "He is the only Russian writer whose works will be read all the way through"[5] and that: "The decisive thing is his tone, which every member of a democratic society can recognize: the individual who won't let himself be cast in the role of a victim, who is not obsessed with what makes him different."[6]

Quotes

"One can revere Tolstoy's mind. Delight in Pushkin's finesse. Appreciate the spiritual quest of Dostoyevsky. Gogol's humor. And so on. Yet Chekhov is the only one I would want to resemble."[7]

Literary style

Dovlatov's rule that, as he said, "limited the prosaic just like rhyme limits the poet", was to build the sentences so that there were no two words that started with the same letter.

Legacy

On June 26, 2014, the New York City Council named the intersection of 63rd Drive and 108th Street "Sergei Dovlatov Way".[8] The petition to request this honor was signed by 18,000 people; in the same year a new edition, translated by his daughter Katherine Dovlatov, of the author's 'Pushkin Hills' was published. The work was nominated for Best Translated Book Award. The opening ceremony was held at the corner of 108th Street and 63rd Drive on September 7, 2014; three Russian television news stations recorded the event and the celebration continued at the late author's home nearby.[9]

A biographical film about Sergei Dovlatov was released in 2018. This film is in competition in the Berlinale 2018.[10]

References

  1. ^ Корабельная гавань Сергея Довлатова, Август 24, 2015, СМТУ Archived 2016-09-07 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ [1]
  3. ^ Сергей Довлатов: «Мне суждено было побывать в аду»
  4. ^ Roger Cohen. "Sergei Dovlatov, 48, Soviet Emigre Who Wrote About His Homeland" New York Times August 25, 1990
  5. ^ Peter Weill, "Brodsky on Dovlatov" in "Zvezda" No. 8, 2000 http://magazines.russ.ru/zvezda/2000/8/br.html
  6. ^ Иосиф Бродский. О Сереже Довлатове. — Журнал «Звезда», № 2, 1992. (Joseph Brodsky, "On Serezha Dovlatov" in "Zvezda" No. 2, 1992, http://www.sergeidovlatov.com/books/brodsky.html )
  7. ^ Сергей Довлатов. «Записные книжки» Собрание сочинений в 3-х томах. Том 3.
  8. ^ Naming of 63 thoroughfares and public places. The New York City Council, June 26, 2014.
  9. ^ Genis, Daniel. "Dovlatov's Way". Paris Review. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
  10. ^ https://www.berlinale.de/en/programm/berlinale_programm/datenblatt.php?film_id=201816008#tab=filmStills
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