Sha (Mongolic)

Sha
Sha
The Mongolian script
Mongolian vowels
Mongolian consonants
Foreign consonants
	Mongolian script multigraphs;
	v; t; e;

Sha is a letter of related and vertically oriented alphabets used to write Mongolic and Tungusic languages.^[1]^{: 549–551}

Mongolian language

Letter^[2]^{: 13, 17, 23}^[3]^: 546^[4]^{: 212, 214}
š	Transliteration^{[note 1]}
ᠱ‍	Initial
‍ᠱ‍	Medial (syllable-initial)
‍ᠱ‍	Medial (syllable-final)
(‍ᠱ)	Final^{[note 2]}

C-V syllables^[6]^: 41
ša, še	ši	šo	šu	šö, šü	Transliteration
ᠱᠠ ^{[note 3]}	ᠱᠢ	ᠱᠣ᠋		ᠱᠥ᠋	Alone
ᠱᠠ ^{[note 3]}	ᠱᠢ	ᠱᠣ ^{[note 4]}	—	ᠱᠥ᠋	Alone
ᠱᠠ‍	ᠱᠢ‍	ᠱᠣ‍		ᠱᠥ‍	Initial
‍ᠱᠠ‍	‍ᠱᠢ‍	‍ᠱᠣ‍			Medial
‍ᠱᠠ	‍ᠱᠢ	‍ᠱᠣ			Final

Transcribes Chakhar /ʃ/;^[9]^[10] Khalkha /ʃ/.^{[citation needed]} Transliterated into Cyrillic with the letter ш.^[6]^[5]
Final š is only found in modern Mongolian words.^[2]^: 15^[11]^: 37
Derived from Old Uyghur merged samekh and shin (𐽻 and 𐽿).^[3]^{: 539–540, 545–546}^[12]^{: 111, 113–114}^[11]^: 35
Produced with X using the Windows Mongolian keyboard layout.^[13]
In the Mongolian Unicode block, š comes after s and before t.

Clear Script

Xibe language

Manchu language

Notes

^ Scholarly transliteration.^[5]
^ Not found in native Mongolian words.
^ As in ᠱᠠ ša (шаа shaa) 'crape, netting'.^[8]^: 747
^ As in ᠱᠣ šo (шоо shoo) 'dice, oracle bones'.^[8]^: 754

References

^ "The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 – Core Specification Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II, Other Modern Scripts" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-10-31. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
^ ^a ^b Poppe, Nicholas (1974). Grammar of Written Mongolian. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-00684-2.
^ ^a ^b Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.
^ Bat-Ireedui, Jantsangiyn; Sanders, Alan J. K. (2015-08-14). Colloquial Mongolian: The Complete Course for Beginners. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-30598-9.
^ ^a ^b "Mongolian transliterations" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2006-05-06. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-11-22. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
^ ^a ^b Skorodumova, L. G. (2000). Vvedenie v staropismenny mongolskiy yazyk Введение в старописьменный монгольский язык (PDF) (in Russian). Muravey-Gayd. ISBN 5-8463-0015-4.
^ "Mongolian Transliteration & Transcription". collab.its.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
^ ^a ^b Lessing, Ferdinand (1960). Mongolian-English Dictionary (PDF). University of California Press. Note that this dictionary uses the transliterations c, ø, x, y, z, ai, and ei; instead of č, ö, q, ü, ǰ, ayi, and eyi;^: xii as well as problematically and incorrectly treats all rounded vowels (o/u/ö/ü) after the initial syllable as u or ü.^[7]
^ "Mongolian Traditional Script". Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Mongolian Language Site. Archived from the original on 2022-01-18. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
^ "Writing – Study Mongolian". Study Mongolian. August 2013. Archived from the original on 2020-10-31. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
^ ^a ^b Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27). The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.
^ Clauson, Gerard (2005-11-04). Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-43012-3.
^ jowilco. "Windows keyboard layouts - Globalization". Microsoft Docs. Archived from the original on 2022-05-26. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[6] Scholarly transliteration.^[5]

[7] Not found in native Mongolian words.

[11] As in ᠱᠠ ša (шаа shaa) 'crape, netting'.^[8]^: 747

[12] As in ᠱᠣ šo (шоо shoo) 'dice, oracle bones'.^[8]^: 754

[1] "The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 – Core Specification Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II, Other Modern Scripts" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-10-31. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[Poppe1974-2] Poppe, Nicholas (1974). Grammar of Written Mongolian. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-00684-2.

[Daniels1996-3] Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.

[Sanders2015-4] Bat-Ireedui, Jantsangiyn; Sanders, Alan J. K. (2015-08-14). Colloquial Mongolian: The Complete Course for Beginners. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-30598-9.

[EKIMn2006-5] "Mongolian transliterations" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2006-05-06. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-11-22. Retrieved 2022-06-05.

[Skorodumova2000-8] Skorodumova, L. G. (2000). Vvedenie v staropismenny mongolskiy yazyk Введение в старописьменный монгольский язык (PDF) (in Russian). Muravey-Gayd. ISBN 5-8463-0015-4.

[9] "Mongolian Transliteration & Transcription". collab.its.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-26.

[Lessing1960-10] Lessing, Ferdinand (1960). Mongolian-English Dictionary (PDF). University of California Press. Note that this dictionary uses the transliterations c, ø, x, y, z, ai, and ei; instead of č, ö, q, ü, ǰ, ayi, and eyi;^: xii as well as problematically and incorrectly treats all rounded vowels (o/u/ö/ü) after the initial syllable as u or ü.^[7]

[CJVLang2013-13] "Mongolian Traditional Script". Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Mongolian Language Site. Archived from the original on 2022-01-18. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[StudyMn2013-14] "Writing – Study Mongolian". Study Mongolian. August 2013. Archived from the original on 2020-10-31. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[Janhunen2006-15] Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27). The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.

[Clauson2005-16] Clauson, Gerard (2005-11-04). Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-43012-3.

[17] wilco. "Windows keyboard layouts - Globalization". Microsoft Docs. Archived from the original on 2022-05-26. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

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