Skill
A skill is the ability to carry out a task with determined results often within a given amount of time, energy, or both. Skills can often be divided into domain-general and domain-specific skills. For example, in the domain of work, some general skills would include time management, teamwork and leadership, self-motivation and others, whereas domain-specific skills would be used only for a certain job. Skill usually requires certain environmental stimuli and situations to assess the level of skill being shown and used.
People need a broad range of skills to contribute to a modern economy. A joint ASTD and U.S. Department of Labor study showed that through technology, the workplace is changing, and identified 16 basic skills that employees must have to be able to change with it.[1]
Labor skills
Skilled workers have long had historical import (see Division of labor) as electricians, masons, carpenters, blacksmiths, bakers, brewers, coopers, printers and other occupations that are economically productive. Skilled workers were often politically active through their craft guilds.[2]
Life skills
An ability and capacity acquired through deliberate, systematic, and sustained effort to smoothly and adaptively carryout complex activities or job functions involving ideas (cognitive skills), things (technical skills), and/or people (interpersonal skills). See also competence.
People skills
According to the Portland Business Journal, people skills are described as:[3]
- understanding ourselves and moderating our responses
- talking effectively and empathizing accurately
- building relationships of trust, respect and productive interactions.
A British definition is "the ability to communicate effectively with people in a friendly way, especially in business."[4] The term is not listed yet in major US dictionaries.[5]
The term people skills is used to include both psychological skills and social skills but is less inclusive than life skills.
Social skills
Social skill is any skill facilitating interaction and communication with others. Social rules and relations are created, communicated, and changed in verbal and nonverbal ways. The process of learning such skills is called socialization.
Soft skills
Soft skills are a combination of interpersonal people skills, social skills, communication skills, character traits, attitudes, career attributes and emotional intelligence quotient (EQ) among others.[6]
Hard skills
Hard skills are any skills relating to a specific task or situation. These skills are easily quantifiable unlike soft skills which are related to one's personality.[7]
See also
- Communication skills
- Deskilling
- DISCO - European Dictionary of Skills and Competences
- Dreyfus model of skill acquisition
- Game of skill
- Online skill-based game
- Transferable skills analysis
- Procedural knowledge
- Relationship between skills and core-competencies in education[8]
References
- ^ "Publications and Research Search Results, Employment & Training Administration (ETA) - U.S. Department of Labor". wdr.doleta.gov. Archived from the original on 28 April 2018. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Cowan, Ruth Schwartz (1997), A Social History of American Technology, New York: Oxford University Press, p. 179, ISBN 0-19-504605-6
- ^ Rifkin, H. “Invest in people skills to boost bottom line” Archived 18 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2009-10-14
- ^ “Macmillan Dictionary” Archived 5 November 2009 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2009-08-18
- ^ Dictionary.com definition. Retrieved on 2009-08-18
- ^ Marcel M. Robles, Executive Perceptions of the Top 10 Soft Skills Needed in Today’s Workplace Archived 12 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Business Communication Quarterly, 75(4) 453–465.
- ^ Staff, Investopedia (15 May 2010). "Hard Skills". investopedia.com. Archived from the original on 5 December 2013. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Ryu, Cheong-san (2017). "Educational Significance of Soft Skills and Hard Skills". The Journal of Korean Practical Arts Education. 23 (1): 1–17.
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