Talk:Feeling rules

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Bibliography for Feeling Rules

Wingfield, A. H. (2010). Are some emotions marked "whites only"? racialized feeling rules in professional workplaces. Social Problems, 57(2), 251-268. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sp.2010.57.2.251

Wood, S. L., & Bettman, J. R. (2007). Predicting happiness: How normative feeling rules influence (and even reverse) durability bias. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 17(3), 188-201. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1057-7408(07)70028-

Power, C. A., Cole, E. R., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2011). Poor women and the expression of shame and anger: The price of breaking social class feeling rules. Feminism & Psychology, 21(2), 179-197. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959353510384125

Shandab96 (talk) 19:15, 23 February 2016 (UTC) Shanda[reply]

- Outline for Editing The Article**

Feeling Rules 1. Workers do certain tasks/jobs because of feeling rules

  - Workers express anger or other types of emotions due to feeling rules
     * Some occupations make employees hold in their feelings due to certain conditions       (Ex:flight attendants and lawyers)
  - Certain emotional displays are acceptable for men, but not for women

2. Race

  - People in their mind already assume how someone else is going to act/feel based on race
  - How "White" workers follow feeling rules versus how "Blacks" follow feeling rules

3. The Influence of Feeling Rules

  - How a person acts due to certain circumstances
     * We expect someone to act in a way due to feeling rules 
  - Discuss several studies where feeling rules were tested
  -  How people use Feeling Rules to make Ads
  - Ad studies showing what people preferred based on emotional reactions

4. Feeling rules and Social Status

  -  How people feel pity/sadness towards people of lower status than them
  -  How people of higher status just assume that people of lower status feel sad or down

Shandab96 (talk) 19:15, 23 February 2016 (UTC)Shanda[reply]

Title: The Effects of Feeling Rules Race and the Workplace:

Race not only plays an important role in the way that employees act with each other, but also how employees act toward customers based on what race they are associated with. People expect others to behave in a certain manner due to what race they identify or associate with. As members of society, race completely changes the way we see and view others.

Roxana Harlow, a sociologist conducted extensive research on black colleges and professors. Harlow depicted how white college students viewed their professors as "unintelligent" and "inferior" simply because of the color of their skin and not the measurement of their knowledge. [1] In a classroom setting, white students were shown to give their professors a hard time and questioned every statement that their professor made. Whereas, if they were in a classroom with a white professor that made the same statement that a black professor had made previously, the white professor was not questioned and was viewed as knowledgeable. Despite of the clear fact that the students were disputing with the black professor solely on the fact that he or she was black, the black professor maintained their composure and adhered to the feeling rules. That black faculty member could've caused an uproar and behaved in crazy manner due to that situation, but instead the professor maintained her cool. Many people in society tend to associate people of color with loud mannerisms and being rash, but because of the feeling rules of the workplace which calls for professors to be calm and rational, the professor maintained her professionalism.

In a workplace feeling rules are established and are expected to be followed, but there is a double standard on the feeling rules applied to the white workers versus black workers. Shandab96 (talk) 05:01, 8 March 2016 (UTC)Shanda[reply]

The Effects of Feeling Rules Status

Due to feeling rules, people of lower status or standing are expected to behave in an ashamed or emotional manner versus a cold or angry manner. By showing that they are ashamed of their current standing, the people of higher status are more likely to help them out and have pity on them versus those who do not show shame or pity for their current state. When we go out on the streets we encounter people the streets asking for money or rambling through trash to find items. Usually, people tend to respond to seeing that by giving that individual of lower status clothes, food, money or etc...Our generosity would greatly differ if that same individual of lower status were to act in an indifferent or prissy manner. You would probably find yourself not wanting to help the individual, not because his or her current situation had changed, in fact that person is still the poor individual you saw a few minutes ago, but in fact your demeanor had changed due to feeling rules.

Feeling rules gives us that expectancy that individuals of lower status should act in a pitiful and ashamed manner just because of their standing. Feeling rules affect our status because it dictates how one should act just because of their economic/ financial standing.

An experiment was conducted to show how people would react if they saw an ad with a person who was angry about being poor and another person who was shameful about being in poverty. After viewing the ad, people were more willingly to give money to the person who ashamed about being poor versus the person who was angry about being poor. Since the individual who was angry about being in poverty broke the feeling rule of what is expected our people of lower class, little to none donations were received in their favor. People of lower status that displayed no sense of self pity or dissatisfaction gave people of higher status a harder time to sympathize with them thus proving that expressing shame was more effective and when anger was expressed there was little to no help being provided.[2] — Preceding unsigned comment added by Shandab96 (talk • contribs) 05:29, 8 March 2016 (UTC)[reply]

Title: Exploitation of People Through the Use of Feeling Rules

A large portion of workers in our population have jobs or careers that requires them to use their feelings or emotional labor as Hochschild calls it, in the workplace. Whether we realize it or not, we base our reactions and actions on the way we see how other people react or express their feelings. Companies and corporations see this and use it to exploit workers in order to maximize profitshttps://caringlabor.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/the-managed-heart-arlie-russell-hochschild.pdf.

Hochschild gives a clear example on how companies maximize their profits through the use of feeling rules by viewing the job of a flight attendant. A flight attendants' job much like many other jobs require emotional labor. The flight attendance uplifts the customer through his or her demeanor and expression of feelings. A flight attendant who is constantly smiling or asking the customer how they are doing is more comforting to a customer versus if a flight attendant who rolls their eyes and rarely smiles. The feeling rules for a flight attendant calls for them to be happy, calm, and to suppress their negative feelings. Customers who see the way the flight attendant upholds themselves are more likely to come back if the experience was pleasant. Which is why many airlines like Delta, which was rated as one of the top airlines calls and requires these feeling rules at the workplace. In a way this is beneficial to the companies and the customer because the customer is satisfies and keeps coming back which makes the company more money. However, at the same time it can be harmful to the flight attendant because they are not able to express their feelings, but rather required to suppress their feelings for the benefit of othershttps://caringlabor.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/the-managed-heart-arlie-russell-hochschild.pdf.

As consumers we are constantly probed with the question of how a product will benefit us. Consumers purchase certain products because they want to feel a certain way whether happy, beautiful or excited. We believe that when we buy a product that we will feel a type of way, but in reality that feeling can be short lived. Feeling rules tell us that since we got such and such, that we must feel this or that. If a company posts an ad about teeth whitening strips and shows how an individual was before and after using the product, it can persuade people to want to buy that product. In the ad, before using the whitening strips the individual was seen as sad and insecure and after using the strips the individual was shown as happy and confident. As consumers and as people we think if that individual from the ad was happy and confident after using the whitening strips then if they used the whitening strips as well it would also bring them happinesshttp://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy.fiu.edu/science/article/pii/S1057740807700281.

Feelings can be private or public and we have the capability of controlling how it is expressed. As members of society, individuals want to in a sense conform and follow the norms of society. People in society conform to feeling rules because when they stray away from it they are seen as deviant or inhumane. For example, if someone tells you they have suffered a loss of a pet; the feeling rules requires you to show a public display of sadness or sympathy for the person who suffered the loss. Regardless of the fact that your private feelings may be that you are indifferent or you simply do not care for the loss of that pet. What an individual may feel on the inside may not be what is considered as normal in the eyes of society.

Gender It is no secret that in many parts of the world, males get paid more than females. But what we do not realize is how feeling rules are affected by gender. Feeling rules require men and women to act a certain way and in fear of breaking that norm, these rules stay in place. We associate women with being sweet and innocent, whereas we associate men with being tough and strong. People are assigned jobs based on their gender. Since women are usually seen as beings that can control their anger they are most likely enlisted in jobs that require them to use their looks or charms. Men on the other hand who are seen as tough are usually in jobs that require them to use that toughness or anger in order to deliver some type of meanshttps://caringlabor.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/the-managed-heart-arlie-russell-hochschild.pdf.

Women in traditional and middle class families rely on men to make or give them money. In response to the men providing, the women in a sense feel as if they have to repay the men back by hugging, kissing or celebrating the man. Since the women do not have the financial capability of repaying the man, the women use emotional means in order to thank or repay the man for what he has provided for them. If the man had provided the money for the women and she in return did not act by hugging or kissing him, she would be seen an ungrateful because the feeling rules calls for her to feel joy or happiness for what the man has done for her.

Our habits and emotional skills are some of the many things we learn from our parents. Generally men are not capable of controlling their feelings or emotions because they were not taught or required to as a child. Males obtain jobs such as bill collector, taxi driver, and construction worker because many of those jobs do not rely heavily on emotional labor. Hochschild, in a study even showed that male flight attendants though they status and position as female flight attendants showed more power and tolerated less abuse from passengers than female flight attendants. Since we associate males with being tough and associate females with being sweet, feeling rules makes us feel appalled when a women behaves in a tough manner, but when a male behaves in this very same demeanor it is seen as acceptable because feeling rules are influenced by our genderhttps://caringlabor.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/the-managed-heart-arlie-russell-hochschild.pdf.Shandab96 (talk) 21:34, 28 March 2016 (UTC)Shanda[reply]

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment[edit]

This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Shandab96.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 11:40, 18 January 2022 (UTC)[reply]